DiO—C18—（3）介导细胞融合

发现荧光分子探针ＤｉＯ－Ｃ１８－（３）在等渗、室温、无外源Ｃａ＾２＋及ＰＨ７．４的条件下快速介导人红细胞融合。丝氨酸蛋白水解酶抑制剂本甲磺酰氟（ＰＭＳＦ）不能阻断这个过程,ＤｉＯ－Ｃ１８－（３）亦引起Ｌ－９２９（小鼠成纤维细胞瘤）细胞融合。细胞的ＤｉＯ荧光图象显示质膜上存在ＤｉＯ局域浓度很高的结合位点,从细胞及融合体表面伸出一至娄车丝,表明在细胞融合条件下,质膜确实存在一种有力的机制使细胞向外伸出     

eATP——植物细胞外的信使分子

对近年来植物细胞外ATP生理功能和信号转导机制的研究进展作介绍。     

细胞凋亡中的关键蛋白酶—Caspase—3

在哺乳动物细胞凋亡执行阶段起重作用的一系列半胱氨酸蛋白酶基因相继被克隆。Ｃａｓｐａｓｅ－３（又称ＣＰＰ３２,Ｙａｍａ,ａｐｏｐａｉｎ）被认为是各种凋亡刺激因子激活的ｃａｓｐａｓｅ家族中的关键蛋白酶,活性ｃａｓｐａｓｅ－３可作用于一些其他ｃａｓｐａｓｅ成员,并降解凋亡细胞中的某些蛋白质。Ｃａｓｅｐａｓｅ－３抑制物是细胞凋亡抑制剂,有希望成为治疗因细胞过度死亡所致相关疾病的重要分子。     

Expression of Bcl—2 inhibited Fas—mediated apoptosis in human hepatocellular carcinoma BEL—7404 cells

Apoptosis plays an important role in embryonic development,tissue remodeling,immune regulation and tumor regression.Two groups of molecules(Bcl-2 family and “Death factor” family) are involved in regulating apoptosis.In order to know about the effect of Bcl-2 on apoptosis induced by Fas,a typical member of “Death factor” family,the transfection experiments with expression vectors pcDNA3-fl and pcDNA3-bcl-2 were performed in BEL-7404 cells,a human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line which expresses endogenous Fas,but not FasL and Bcl-2.The data showed that the expression of FasL in pcDNA3-fl transfected hepatoma cells obviously induced the apoptosis of the cells.However,the overexpression of Bcl-2 in pcDNA3-bcl-2 transfected 7404/b-16 cells counteracted pcDNA3-fl transient transfection mediated apoptosis.Further study by cotransfection experiments indicated that Bid but not Bax (both were pro-apoptotic proteins of Bcl-2 family) blocked the inhibitory effect of Bcl-2 on Fas-mediated apoptosis.These results suggested that Fas-mediated apoptosis in human hepatoma cells is possibly regulated by Bcl-2 family proteins via mitochondria pathway.     

转化生长因子—β（TGF—β）的结构

1978年,Delarco和Todar首先发现病毒转化的细胞能分泌一种具有使正常大鼠肾成纤维细胞表型发生转化能力的因子,它在表皮生长因子(EGF)存在的情况下使贴壁生长的细胞特性发生改变,获得在软琼脂培养基上生长形成克隆的能力,并失去生长密度依赖的抑制作用。因此,这种细胞因子被命名为转化生长因子-β(TGF-β)。在过去的10年中,发现TGF-β实际上是一种具有多种生物学功能的细胞因     

PtK2细胞的核骨架—核纤层—中间纤维体系

本文用选择性系列抽提的方法结合整装细胞电技术和ＤＧＤ包埋－去包埋超薄切片技术,在电镜下清晰地显示了ＰｔＫ细胞的核骨架－核纤层－中间纤维绵精细结构。处于分裂中期的细胞经抽提后看到,染色体残３余与中间纤维仍然保持一定的联系。用免疫荧光技术对提提后的ＰｔＫ２细胞进行分析结果表明：其中间纤维能同时与ＡＥ１和ＡＥ３反应;能一ＬａｍｉｎＢ反应的单抗可以特异地定位于其核周,而ＬａｍｉｎＡ（Ｃ）的单抗除了与其核纤     

IL——3和羟基脲协同诱导K562细胞凋亡

The effect of IL-3 and hydroxyurea on human erythroleukemia cell line (K562 cells) was demonstrated by using the electro-microscopy and flow cytometry. Our data showed that neither IL-3 nor hydroxyurea could induce the apoptosis of K562 cells alone. However, the IL-3 and hydroxyurea could induce the apoptosis of K562 cells cooperatively. Analysis with flow cytometry showed that the percentage of apoptotic cells was about 31.90% after K562 cells were induced by IL-3 and hydroxyurea cooperatively for 5 days, and the sub-G1 peak (apoptotic peak) was detected in the induced K562 cells. Meanwhile, the percentage of S-phase in the IL-3 and hydroxyurea induced K562 cells was increased, and the proliferation of the induced K562 cells was inhibited significantly. Furthermore, the IL-3 and hydroxyurea induced K562 cells showed chromatin condensation with regular crescents at the nuclear edges and apoptotic bodies. It suggested that IL-3 could enhance the sensitivity of K562 cells to hydroxyurea and the apoptosis of K562 cells could be induced by IL-3 and hydroxyurea cooperatively.     

近两年细胞生物学的进展（1991—1992）

从80年代末期以来,生物大分子结构和功能的研究又取得很大的进展。一批重要的生物大分子(如受体、离子通道、间隙连结、光合作用中心Ⅰ和固氮酶铁钼蛋白等)的三维结构,陆续得到解决。这些成就使细胞的结构和功能活动在分子水平得到更为圆满的解释。另一方面,用各种分子遗传学和基因工程方法(重组DNA技术、PCR、同源重组和转基因动、植物等)对高等生物的细胞分化、发育和遗传的分析取得     

Induction of apoptosis and change of bcl—2 expression in macrophage Ana—1 cells by all—trans retinoic acid

Macrophage cells play an important role in the initiation and regulation of the immune response.All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and its natural and synthetic analogs (retinoids)affect a large number of biological processes.Recently,retinoids have been shown promise in the therapy and prevention of various cancers.However,many interesting questions related to the activities of retinoids remain to be answered:(I) Molecular mechanisms by which retinoids exert their effects;（Ⅱ)why the clinical uses of retinoids give undesirable side effects of varying severity with a higher frequency of blood system symptoms;(Ⅲ)little is known for its impacts on macrophage cells etc.We set up this experiment,therefore,to examine the apoptosis of ATRA on macrophage Ana-1 cell line.Apoptosis of the cells was quantitated,after staining cells with propidium iodide(PI),by both accounting nuclear condensation and flow cytometry.When the cells were treated with ATRA at or higher than 1μM for more than 24h,significant amount of the apoptotic cells was observed.Induction of apoptosis of Ana-1 cells by ATRA was in time-and dose-dependent manners,exhibiting the similar pattern as the apoptosis induced by actinomycin D (ACTD).ATRA treatment of Ana-1 cells also caused the changes of the mRNA levels of apoptosis-associated gene bcl-2,as detected by Northern blot analysis.The temporal changes of bcl-2 expression by ATRA was also parallel to that by ACTD.In conclusion,ATRA can induce apoptosis in macrophage cells,which may be helpful in understanding of immunological functions retinoids.     

一种新的LncRNA——linc00324在乳腺癌细胞中的定位和表达分析

本研究旨在探究linc00324在侵袭能力不同的乳腺癌细胞中的表达情况及其作为乳腺癌诊断与预后判断的标志物的可能性。本研究首先通过核质分离得到MDA-MB-231细胞核中和细胞质中RNA,利用荧光定量PCR技术探究linc00324在细胞核和细胞质中的表达情况;其次提取了侵袭能力不同的MCF-7和MDA-MB-231两种细胞中的RNA,逆转录后进行荧光定量PCR,探究linc00324在两种细胞中的表达量。分析结果表明,linc00324主要表达于细胞质中,并且在侵袭能力较强的MDA-MB-231细胞中表达量较低,在侵袭能力较低的MCF-7细胞中表达量较高。本研究结果提示linc00324可能与乳腺癌发展和乳腺癌细胞侵袭转移存在关系,可作为乳腺癌预后判断的潜在标志物。     

细胞社会学—从细胞生物学研究个体发育的一条途径

前言一、提出细胞社会学的实验基础1.过去关于决定和分化的理解2.我们的离体实验 a.解离实验 b.表皮囊实验3.为什么决定和分化要在细胞团之内进行? a.肌节发育中的细胞连接 b.佛波酯处理的实验4.由以上实验引出的一些理论思考     

酵母细胞生物转化反式—肉桂酸生产L—苯丙氨酸的研究

据文献调查,搜集了国内可能相关的30株酵母,进行生物转化反式-肉桂酸(t-Ca) 生产L-苯丙氨酸 (L-Phe) 的微生物筛选研究,并对部分菌株生物转化能力,即苯丙氨酸解氨酶 (PAL,EC _(4、3、1、5) 活性水平进行了初步评估。筛选结果是:22株酵母具有转化 t-Ca 生成 L-Phe 的能力,转化率在2—67％范围。选出7株酵母研究在液体培养条件下细胞生长和PAL活性的时间过程关系,PAL 活性范围在 2.3—14.4x10~(-s)u/m g细胞干重。深红酵母 (Rhodotorularubra) AS2.166作为生物转化制备实经菌株,在静止细胞和固定化细胞批式反应条件下,结果获得L-Phe分离产率分别为42.0％,28.7％。