中国科学院工业生物技术发展路径

随着工程生物学、基因编辑等共性技术的快速发展,工业生物技术领域的颠覆式创新在低碳合成、未来食品、药物开发等工业生物技术领域不断取得颠覆式创新,支撑了生物产业高质量创新发展。工业生物技术正在为变革传统工业制造模式,构建碳中性工业制造路线形成重要科技支撑。本文从战略规划、创新机构、人才建设、基础研究、科技创新、产业推进等方面系统介绍了中国科学院在工业生物技术领域的整体安排、建制化研发与科技进展,并提出了加快工业生物技术发展的建议。     

科学出版社新书

2011工业生物技术发展报告中国科学院生命科学与生物技术局著本书是基于工业生物技术知识环境出版的信息产品,主要报道了工业生物技术领域内的重大规划与政策、技术和产品的研发进展、产业发展等。为了能够全面了解工业生物技术发展的最新进展,本书设置了规划政策篇、基地进展篇、研发进展篇、产业篇、青年人才篇、文献计量篇。在选题上,着重突出了工业生物技术领域的热点和前沿。为了突出各领域的技术     

我国工业生物技术和产业的现状、差距与任务

工业生物技术是利用生化反应和生物体机能进行物质合成加工与能量转化利用的集成技术,正在支撑建立以可发酵糖、秸秆、二氧化碳等可再生资源为原料的化学品绿色高效制造新路线,有望实现工业制造方式的根本转变,是支撑经济社会可持续发展的重大战略技术,已成为世界各国科技和产业竞争的焦点。本文从工业生物技术深度融入和支撑生物经济发展的态势出发,系统分析了我国工业生物技术和生物产业发展的现状、短板问题,提出了未来建议重点发展的主要方向。     

后基因组时代工业酶资源的挖掘和应用

工业酶应用范围遍及化工、医药、轻工、食品、能源及环境保护等领域,是现代生物技术中相对成熟而又发展潜力巨大的核心产业.随着全球范围日益突出的资源环境压力和绿色合成产业的需求,工业酶的应用和需求量迅速增加,工业新酶的挖掘和开发就显得尤为重要和迫切.     

生物制造手性化学品研究现状及发展趋势

手性化学品是传统制造工业的重要产品之一,现代生物技术的快速进步极大地推动了生物制造手性化学品的快速发展。目前,生物制造手性化学品受到世界各国的广泛关注,已经成为发达国家工业生物技术领域重要的科技与产业发展方向。本文主要介绍了国内外生物制造手性化学品的研究现状和发展趋势。今后应大力加强系统技术平台和理论体系的构建,为建设重要手性化学品的先进绿色生物制造产业提供全面的技术支撑。     

中国工业生物技术发展态势分析与展望

现代生物技术逐渐进入大规模产业化阶段,全球生物经济快速发展,工业生物技术作为生物经济的支柱,支撑生物制造、生物能源、生物农业、生物医药、生物环保和生物服务等产业发展。分析和展现了中国近期在工业生物技术领域基础研究、应用研究、技术转化与产业发展方面取得的进展和成就,反映了中国工业生物技术发展的现状与趋势,并提出了未来发展的挑战与机遇。     

科学出版社科学出版中心生命科学分社新书推介

2011工业生物技术发展报告中国科学院生命科学与生物技术局著978-7-03-032516-7/Q.2789$98.00本书是基于工业生物技术知识环境出版的信息产品之一,主要报道了工业生物技术领域内的重大规划与政策、技术和产品的研发进展、产业发展等.为了能够全面了解工业生物技术发展的最新进展,本书设置了规划政策篇、基地进展篇、研发进展篇、产业篇、青年人才篇、文献计量篇.在选题上,着重突出了     

工业生物技术创新与发展 —“中国工业生物技术发展高峰论坛·2008”专刊序言

资源匮乏、能源短缺和环境污染日趋恶化等现实问题,已经成为社会可持续发展的巨大障碍。工业生物技术作为生物技术发展的第三次浪潮,是解决目前人类所面临的资源、能源与环境问题的有效途径之一,是工业可持续发展最有希望的技术。本期“中国工业生物技术发展高峰论坛·2008”专刊, 集中展现了我国工业生物技术专家学者在生物炼制和生物基化学品、微生物基因组学和生物信息学、代谢工程与药物研发、现代工业酶技术、生物炼制细胞工厂、生物催化与生物转化、工业生物过程技术以及工业微生物菌种的选育和改良等工业生物技术领域所取得的最新进展。希望通过专刊的出版, 更好地促进我国工业生物技术领域的交流和发展。     

工业生物技术创新与发展 —“中国工业生物技术发展高峰论坛·2008”专刊序言

资源匮乏、能源短缺和环境污染日趋恶化等现实问题,已经成为社会可持续发展的巨大障碍。工业生物技术作为生物技术发展的第三次浪潮,是解决目前人类所面临的资源、能源与环境问题的有效途径之一,是工业可持续发展最有希望的技术。本期“中国工业生物技术发展高峰论坛·2008”专刊, 集中展现了我国工业生物技术专家学者在生物炼制和生物基化学品、微生物基因组学和生物信息学、代谢工程与药物研发、现代工业酶技术、生物炼制细胞工厂、生物催化与生物转化、工业生物过程技术以及工业微生物菌种的选育和改良等工业生物技术领域所取得的最新进展。希望通过专刊的出版, 更好地促进我国工业生物技术领域的交流和发展。     

定制酶分子机器/细胞工厂，引领生物制造产业未来

工业酶制剂研发与应用已经渗透到各大工业领域,但中国作为用酶大国、产酶小国面临重大挑战,鉴于以化学催化为核心的基础物质加工业面临资源、能源和环境三大危机,酶工程与生物催化已被列入许多国家的科技与产业发展战略,应用高效、清洁的生物催化技术是实现化学工业可持续发展以及发酵工业产业升级的重要途径之一。文中以2017年第十一届中国酶工程学术研讨会杜邦-杰能科中国酶工程杰出贡献奖获得者特邀报告为基础整理编写而成,从自主酶库构建、酶分子机器/细胞工厂创制及产业化应用等角度概述当前酶工程与生物催化发展现状及前景。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.