共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 109 毫秒
1.
2.
生物芯片技术在食品检测中的应用 总被引:13,自引:1,他引:12
生物芯片检测技术是一种全新的微量分析技术。生物芯片基本技术包括方阵构建、样品制备、化学反应和结果检测 ;生物芯片技术在食品微生物领域、食品毒理学、营养学、转基因产品检测中均有应用 相似文献
3.
生物芯片技术及其在疾病诊断和疫苗设计中的应用 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
生物芯片技术是一项潜力巨大的技术,即将成为新世纪医学、生物学研究领域的有力工具。本文简要叙述了生物芯片技术的原理与方法,并对生物芯片技术在疾病诊断及疫苗与药物设计中的应用作了概要介绍。 相似文献
4.
生物芯片的概念于20世纪90年代初期提出.之后便涌现出大量关于生物芯片的报道.尤其是进入21世纪,随着生物芯片技术所涉及的物理、化学、生物等技术的快速发展,生物芯片技术取得了很好的进展.技术平台日益稳定.开发的产品越来越多,已经在生命科学,药物研发,临床疾病检测与诊断.环境,农林业等领域中得到了广泛的应用。本文对生物芯片技术的原理、制备、试验设计和应用等方面进行了简要的综述。 相似文献
5.
6.
7.
现代生物技术在食品检测中的应用 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
介绍了DNA探针、PCR技术、免疫检测技术在食品微生物及转基因成分检测中的应用。着重阐述了PCR技术的工作原理、应用及其发展前景。同时简要介绍了生物芯片及其在食品检测中的应用前景 相似文献
8.
9.
10.
镉离子污染条件下微生物群落中细菌与藻类的相互作用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
【背景】水体微生物有着丰富的多样性,不同种类的微生物之间的相互作用对水体生态系统的组成结构与功能具有重要影响。水体内的藻类与某些微生物可以发生多种相互作用,然而人们对逆境条件下的菌藻有益相互作用尚缺乏深入研究。【目的】为了研究镉对水体微生物群落的影响以及镉胁迫下菌藻之间可能的相互作用。【方法】本研究运用了基于16S rRNA基因的高通量测序技术,分析在不同Cd~(2+)条件下微生物群落结构的变化,利用微生物相互作用网络分析菌藻之间可能发生的相互作用。【结果】通过分离培养筛选出了与集胞藻PCC6803互作抗Cd~(2+)的关键细菌Y9菌株。【结论】研究结果表明Y9菌株属于Phyllobacteriaceae科,与微生物群落组成和微生物互作网络的分析结果相符。本研究为探索水体环境中微生物种间相互作用、菌藻互作抗Cd~(2+)的生态效应提供参考依据。 相似文献
11.
李永嘉傅俊英程如烟 《现代生物医学进展》2012,12(18):3566-3572
生物芯片的研究始于80年代中期,是现代生物学技术与计算机等其他领域高新技术相结合的产物,在基因、蛋白质等生命领域研究中起到至关重要的作用。本文对Derwent数据库中收录的有关生物芯片的专利数据进行分析,从多个专利计量指标入手,分析生物芯片技术领域的研究现状及发展动态。通过计量研究发现生物芯片技术领域自21世纪以来发展迅猛,发达国家占据主动,而我国在该领域的科研水平也处于世界前列。 相似文献
12.
本文采用原位诱导有益微生物(污水菌、芽胞杆菌、硝化菌和副球菌等),复合添加外源的有益微生物(金藻、栅藻、硅藻、芽胞杆菌、光合菌、酵母菌和EM(effective microorganisms)菌等),在养殖水体中建立稳定的有益微生物复合菌群,使水体中亚硝酸氮和氨氮清除率分别可达100%和99%。并进一步利用这些菌群在小红鲫鱼(red crucian carp)和南美白对虾(Penaeus vannamei)养殖中进行原位水质净化应用。在小红鲫鱼养殖水质原位自净中,无需清污和换水,就可长期维持水环境完全稳定,连续养殖50 d以上,水中未检测出亚硝酸氮,氨氮低于0.2 mg/L,稳定在优质安全的养殖环境;在南美白对虾养殖中,投菌后初期水体亚硝酸氮较快下降,第10 d后氨氮浓度也降至养殖安全范围内,形成稳定安全的养殖水质环境。实验效果显著,表明微生物菌群原位水质自净技术具有推广应用前景。 相似文献
13.
14.
15.
Marianna Cíchová Miloslava Prokšová Lívia Tóthová Hunor Sántha Viktor Mayer 《Central European Journal of Biology》2012,7(2):230-240
Optimal detection of pathogens by molecular methods in water samples depends on the ability to extract DNA rapidly and efficiently.
In this study, an innovative method was developed using a microfluidic biochip, produced by microelectrochemical system technology,
and capable of performing online cell lysis and DNA extraction during a continuous flow process. On-chip cell lysis based
on chemical/physical methods was performed by employing a sufficient blend of water with the lysing buffer. The efficiency
of lysis with microfluidic biochip was compared with thermal lysis in Eppendorf tubes and with two commercial DNA extraction
kits: Power Water DNA isolation kit and ForensicGEM Saliva isolation kit in parallel tests. Two lysing buffers containing
1% Triton X-100 or 5% Chelex were assessed for their lysis effectiveness on a microfluidic biochip. SYBR Green real-time PCR
analysis revealed that cell lysis on a microfluidic biochip using 5% Chelex buffer provided better or comparable recovery
of DNA than commercial isolation kits. The system yielded better results for Gram-positive bacteria than for Gram-negative
bacteria and spores of Gram-positive bacteria, within the limits of detection at 103 CFU/ml. During the continuous flow process in the system, rapid cells lysis with PCR-amplifiable genomic DNA were achieved
within 20 minutes. 相似文献
16.
微生物固定化及其在环境污染治理中的应用研究进展 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
微生物固定化技术广泛应用于食品、轻化以及环保领域,其具有微生物密度高、生物活性好、环境适应性强、可反复利用等优点。本文对微生物固定化技术进行了概述,并通过典型案例重点阐释了其在水、土和大气等环境污染治理领域的应用进展。在水环境中,固定化载体可为不同类型微生物提供生存微环境和各自所需的生态位,提高了系统负荷和处理效能;在土壤环境中,其重要作用在于提高土壤中污染物的生物有效性,从而提升微生物修复效果;空气污染治理领域则更注重载体的机械强度及气液传质能力的提高。本文比较总结了微生物固定化技术在不同环境治理领域中的应用特点和优势,以期为今后的环境污染治理提供一定的参考。 相似文献
17.
microSERS is a new biochip technology that uses surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) microscopy for label-free transduction. The biochip itself comprises pixels of capture biomolecules immobilized on a SERS-active metal surface. Once the biochip has been exposed to the sample and the capture biomolecules have selectively bound their ligands, a Raman microscope is used to collect SERS fingerprints from the pixels on the chip. SERS, like other whole-organism fingerprinting techniques, is very specific. Our initial studies have shown that the Gram-positive Listeria and Gram-negative Legionella bacteria, Bacillus spores and Cryptosporidium oocysts can often be identified at the subspecies/strain level on the basis of SERS fingerprints collected from single organisms. Therefore, pathogens can be individually identified by microSERS, even when organisms that cross-react with the capture biomolecules are present in a sample. Moreover, the SERS fingerprint reflects the physiological state of a bacterial cell, e.g., when pathogenic Listeria and Legionella were cultured under conditions known to affect virulence, their SERS fingerprints changed significantly. Similarly, nonviable (e.g., heat- or UV-killed) microorganisms could be differentiated from their viable counterparts by SERS fingerprinting. Finally, microSERS is also capable of the sensitive and highly specific detection of toxins. Toxins that comprised as little as 0.02% by weight of the biomolecule-toxin complex produced strong, unique fingerprints when spectra collected from the complexes were subtracted from the spectra of the uncomplexed biomolecules. For example, aflatoxins B(1) and G(1) could be detected and individually identified when biochips bearing pixels of antibody or enzyme capture biomolecules were incubated in samples containing one or both aflatoxins, and the spectra were then collected for 20 s from an area of the biomolecule pixel approximately 1 microm in diameter. In the future, we plan to investigate the use of hyperspectral imaging Raman microscopy for collecting fingerprints from all the pixels on the biochip, individually yet simultaneously, to enable the rapid detection of diverse pathogens and their toxins in a sample, using a single biochip. 相似文献
18.
This review article deals with the microbial synthesis, physiochemical properties, and potential applications of poly-epsilon-lysine (epsilon-PL), which is a naturally occurring biomaterial that is water soluble, biodegradable, edible and non-toxic toward humans and the environment. The potential applications of epsilon-PL as food preservatives, emulsifying agent, dietary agent, biodegradable fibers, highly water absorbable hydrogels, drug carriers, anticancer agent enhancer, biochip coatings in the fields of food, medicine, agriculture and electronics are also discussed in this review. 相似文献