In vitro-mutagenesis of NADPH:protochlorophyllide oxidoreductase B: two distinctive protochlorophyllide binding sites participate in enzyme catalysis and assembly

NADPH:protochlorophyllide oxidoreductase (POR) B is a key enzyme for the light-induced greening of etiolated angiosperm plants. It is nucleus-encoded, imported into the plastids posttranslationally, and assembled into larger light-harvesting POR:protochlorophyllide complexes termed LHPP (Reinbothe et al., Nature 397:80–84, 1999). An in vitro-mutagenesis approach was taken to study the role of the evolutionarily conserved Cys residues in pigment binding. Four Cys residues are present in the PORB of which two, Cys276 and Cys303, established distinct pigment binding sites, as shown by biochemical tests, protein import studies, and in vitro-reconstitution experiments. While Cys276 constituted the Pchlide binding site in the active site of the enzyme, Cys303 established a second, low affinity pigment binding site that was involved in the assembly and stabilization of imported PORB enzyme inside etioplasts.Electronic Supplementary Material Supplementary material is available for this article at and is accessible for authorized users.     

光下叶绿素缺乏的大麦突变体NYB中叶绿素合成再探

研究一种原叶绿素酯还原酶（POR）的大麦突变体Ⅳ阳光下合成叶绿素的结果表明,NYB中PORB的含量比野生型低。NYB前质体中原片层体的大小和数量与野生型差不多,但其结构比野生型的松散。暗中生长的突变体内POR蛋白复合物LHPP比野生型少。不同光照强度下叶绿素积累的结果显示,光照度越强,突变体与野生型的叶绿素差异越显著。由于porB是单拷贝的,所以推测突变体中部分porB mRNA可能产生错误的剪切拼接,以致光下突变体Ⅳ阳仍然能合成叶绿素。     

LHPP在人胃腺癌组织中的表达及意义

目的通过检测LHPP(phospholysine phosphohistidine inorganic pyrophosphate phosphatase)在人胃腺癌组织和胃腺癌细胞系,以及幽门螺杆菌(Helicobacter pylori,H.pylori)感染正常胃上皮细胞系后的表达水平,评估LHPP表达及LHPP与胃腺癌的关系。方法 (1)使用TCGA(The Cancer Genome Atlas)数据库和GEO(Gene Expression Omnibus)数据库中的胃腺癌基因表达数据,分析LHPP在胃腺癌组织和正常胃黏膜组织中的表达差异。(2)选取2017年3月至2018年5月行胃部分切除术或全胃切除术的41例胃腺癌患者,取胃癌组织及匹配的正常胃黏膜上皮组织,应用免疫组化检测LHPP在胃腺癌组织和正常胃黏膜组织中的表达差异。(3)取常规传代培养的第三代正常胃黏膜上皮细胞系GES-1和胃腺癌细胞系AGS,qRT-PCR检测两组LHPP基因表达差异。(4)应用H.pylori P12标准菌株以感染复数(multiplicity of infection,MOI)50感染GES-1细胞系6、12、18和24 h后,Western blot检测各个时间点LHPP和H.pylori毒力蛋白CagA表达量。结果 TCGA数据库中的LHPP表达数据表明LHPP在胃腺癌中表达下调(t=7.064,P0.0001),来自GEO数据库中GSE65801表达数据的芯片测序结果得到相同的结论(P=0.001)。免疫组化证实LHPP在低分化胃腺癌中低表达,且表达与分化程度相关(χ~2=5.559,P=0.018),而与性别(χ~2=2.304,P=0.129)、年龄(χ~2=0.001,P=0.986)、浸润深度(χ~2=1.007,P=0.316)、淋巴结转移(χ~2=0.693,P=0.405)及肿瘤分期(χ~2=0.003,P=0.953)不相关。LHPP在胃腺癌细胞系AGS中表达低于正常胃上皮细胞系GES-1(t=10.38,P=0.005)。H.pylori感染GES-1细胞后LHPP表达随着感染时间延长总体有升高趋势。结论 LHPP在胃腺癌中低表达并与腺癌分化程度相关,有望成为胃腺癌诊断治疗的新靶点。