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1.
Plantlet regeneration via somatic embryogenesis in anther callus of Vitis latifolia L. 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Anthers of Vitis latifolia L. (wild grape) cultured on Nitsch and Nitsch medium supplemented with 20 μM 2,4-D and 9 μM BAP produced callus after 4–6 weeks. Subculture of callus onto Nitsch and Nitsch medium containing 10 μM NAA produced somatic embryos within 6 weeks. On growth regulator-free Nitsch and Nitsch basal medium somatic embryos converted
to plantlets in 6–8 weeks. One gram of callus produced more than 400 somatic embryos with 13.7% being converted to complete
plantlets, which were subsequently established in soil. Regenerated plants were found to have mixoploid populations of cells,
2n = 38 and n = 19.
Received: 23 May 1998 / Revision received: 21 September 1998 / Accepted: 10 October 1998 相似文献
2.
以江西铅山红芽芋(Colocasia esculenta L.Schott var.cormosus‘Hongyayu’)试管苗为材料,建立了芋球茎片两步法离体快繁体系,并对其再生苗的形态指标、染色体数目、生理和光合特性以及叶绿素荧光特性进行了检测。结果表明:(1)红芽芋球茎片单芽诱导的最佳培养基为MS+KT 2 mg/L+6-BA 1 mg/L+NAA0.1mg/L,诱导培养30d后将单芽从球茎片上分离,再接种到生根培养基(MS+KT 2mg/L+NAA 0.1mg/L)上培养30d即可形成完整植株,移栽成活率高达98%;(2)由球茎片单芽、丛生芽、不定芽离体快繁获得的红芽芋再生苗在形态指标、叶下表皮气孔参数、染色体数目、生理生化指标以及叶片光合特性参数和叶绿素荧光特性方面均无显著差异。说明红芽芋球茎片两步法离体培养的再生苗繁殖系数高、染色体数目稳定,该离体快繁体系可应用于江西铅山红芽芋的工厂化生产。 相似文献
3.
A clonal propagation method has been developed for efficient multiplication ofVanilla planifolia. Multiple shoots were developed from axillary bud explants using semi-solid Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with N6-benzyladenine (BA, 2 mg l–1) and -naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA, 1 mg l–1). The multiple shoots were transferred to agitated liquid MS medium with BA at 1 mg l–1 and NAA at 0.5 mg l–1 for 2–3 weeks, and subsequently cultured on semi-solid medium. Using this method, an average of 42 shoots were obtained from a single axillary bud explant over a period of 134 days. Use of an intervening liquid medium has been found to enhance multiplication of shoots inV. planifolia.Abbreviations
BA
N6-benzyladenine
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DMRT
Duncan's multiple-range test
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KC
Knudson (1946) medium
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KCB
KC basal medium
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Kn
kinetin
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MS
Murashige and Skoog (1962) medium
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MSB
MS basal medium
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1/2 MSB
half-strength MSB
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MS-D
double-phase MS medium
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MS-L
liquid MS medium
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MS-S
semi-solid MS medium
-
NAA
-Naphthaleneacetic acid 相似文献
4.
Saran Traoré Mulualem Tigabu Sibiri Jean Ouédraogo Joseph Issaka Boussim Sita Guinko Michel G. Lepage 《Plant Ecology》2008,198(2):285-295
The importance of mounds created by Macrotermes subhyalinus as safe site for tree regeneration was analysed in a savannah woodland of Burkina Faso. Plantlets (height <1.5 m) were sampled
and followed over an year in 72 × 4 m2 quadrats located on M. subhyalinus mounds and adjacent areas. The mechanisms of regeneration and plantlet mortality were also determined. We identified three
regeneration mechanisms: seedlings regenerated by seed (abundant on mounds), sprouts (abundant on adjacent areas) and root
suckers (a rare case on both sites). A total of 37 species representing 17 families and 30 genera were found on all quadrats,
of which 29 species were found on termite mounds and 22 species on adjacent areas. Species richness and density of plantlets
at the 4 m2 scale were higher on mounds than in the adjacent area (P < 0.05). Among plantlet categories, seedling density was significantly different among microhabitats (P < 0.001) and across sampling periods (P < 0.01) and, the majority of plantlet individuals appeared within the 0–25 cm height class. The mortality of plantlets and
particularly seedling mortality differed significantly between microhabitats (P < 0.01) and between periods (P < 0.01), whereas more than half the variation in the death of Acacia erythrocalyx seedlings (the most abundant species) were related to the density of the live seedlings of the same species (P < 0.001). The observed mortality rate was way below 50%; plantlet density remained higher on mound during sampling periods
as compared to the adjacent area. It can thus be concluded that Macrotermes termite mounds are favourable sites for the recruitments of woody plants in savannah woodlands. 相似文献
5.
E. A. Titlyanov T. V. Titlyanova P. Kadel K. Lüning 《Journal of applied phycology》2006,18(2):167-174
For the first time, plantlets were obtained from fragments and cell aggregates (CA) of apical meristem of the red alga Gelidium sp. After two months of cultivation, an initial weight of 100 mg of fragments and CA from fresh meristem produced 3 g of plantlets without rhizoids. During the same period of cultivation, 100 mg of meristem fragments and CA isolated from thalli by the freezing-thawing procedure produced more than 20 g of plantlets with rhizoids. It is assumed that our methods for obtaining plantlets from fragments and CA of fresh and frozen-thawed meristem could be used to generate mass planting material for cultivation of algae (plantlets with rhizoids) in the sea and for tank-bubbling cultivation (plantlets without rhizoids). We speculate that meristem cells of frozen-thawed algae might be natural “seedstock” in the Arctic and Antarctic seas. 相似文献
6.
Z. M. Wei 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1982,63(1):71-73
Summary Pollen shed between 4–8 d from anthers of Triticum aestivum cultured in liquid medium gave rise to calluses. Tillers were harvested at the mid-to late-unicellular pollen stages and chilled for 8 d at 4–5 °C before the anthers were dissected out. Pollen cultures gave about 6 times as many calluses on a per anther basis as anthers cultured on solid medium. With the most productive of 5 cultivars tested, pollen culture results in roughly one callus for each anther used, though the calluses formed by pollen culture were less productive for the regeneration of shoots than calluses derived from anthers cultured on solid medium. The ratio of green to albino shoots is roughly 1 1 for anther cultures but considerably less for pollen cultures. 相似文献
7.
8.
In vitro bulblet formation and subsequent transplanting of bulblets to soil were studied in order to develop a cost-effective
method for the mass production of three Lachenalia varieties. Clumps of adventitious shoots regenerated from leaf explants were used. Bulblet formation was initiated after
2 weeks when shoots were subjected to low temperature (4–15 °C). The size (age) of the adventitious shoot affected the bulblet
size, and shoots shorter than 4 mm did not form bulblets. Larger bulblets formed on medium containing 6% sucrose compared
to 3% sucrose. Following bulblet initiation, illumination was not necessary for the completion of bulblet formation. Bulblets
went into dormancy 3–4 months after they had been initiated or when the culture medium dried out, and they were released from
dormancy when the natural night temperatures started to decrease in the late summer. The survival rate of the bulblets after
transplanting was directly correlated to the size of the bulblets.The most important factors influencing in vitro bulblet
formation of Lachenalia were sucrose concentration, temperature and length of explant shoots.
Received: 12 June 1998 / Revision received: 8 September 1998 / Accepted: 23 September 1998 相似文献
9.
Micropropagation has been achieved in a promising larvicidal asteraceous taxon Spilanthes acmella L. using seedling leaf explants. The explants were reared on a variety of growth regulators, namely 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic
acid, 1-naphthalene acetic acid, Indole-3-butyric acid, N6-benzyladenine, and kinetin either alone or in combination on Murashige and Skoog’s (MS) medium. The best green and compact
callus was obtained on 1 μM NAA and 10 μM benzyladenine (BA) in 15 d. The callus on subculture to the same but fresh medium
after every 30 d differentiated an average of 12.90 ± 0.32 shoot buds in 50% cultures. Elongation in shoot buds occurred only
if they were transferred to NAA lacking MS+BA medium. An average number of 4.22 ± 0.83 shoots and 15 ± 0.84 shoot buds per
explant were obtained in 70.3% cultures on MS + 10 μM BA in 30 d. One hundred percent excised shoots rooted in MS(1/2) + 0.1 μM
IBA within 2 wk. The plants were gradually hardened and established in soil where they flowered and set viable seeds. The
regenerated plants were morphologically similar to the field grown plants and showed 100% larvicidal activity against malaria
and filarial vectors. 相似文献
10.
Excised seedling leaf segments of winged bean [Psophocarpus tetragonolobus (L.) DC.] underwent direct somatic embryogenesis under appropriate incubation conditions. Initiation and development of the somatic embryos occurred using a two-step culture method. The culture procedure involved incubation for 28 days on MS basal medium supplemented with 0.1–0.5 mg/l NAA and 1.0–2.0 mg/l BA (induction medium) before transfer to MS medium supplemented with 0.1 mg/l IAA and 2.0 mg/l BA (embryo development medium). The initial exposure to low levels of NAA coincident with high levels of BA in the induction medium was essential for embryogenic induction. Maximum embryogenesis (43.3%) was obtained with 0.2 mg/l NAA and 2.0 mg/l BA, and at least 14 days on induction medium were required prior to transfer to the embryo development medium. The conversion frequency of cotyledonary embryos was 53.3% upon culture on MS medium containing 0.1 mg/l ABA for 7 days followed by transfer to MS medium supplemented with 0.1 mg/l IBA and 0.2 mg/l BA. Following conversion, the regenerated plantlets were transferred to soil and showed normal morphological characteristics.Abbreviations
MS
Murashige and Skoog (1962) medium
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2,4-D
2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid
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NAA
1-naphthaleneacetic acid
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IAA
indole-3-acetic acid
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IBA
indole-3-butyric acid
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BA
6-benzylaminopurine
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ABA
abscisic acid 相似文献