Determinants of growth-promoting activity reside in the A-domain of insulin-like growth factor I

A two-chain, disulfide linked, insulin-like compound embodying the A-domain of insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) and the B-chain of insulin has been synthesized and characterized with respect to insulin-like biological activity and growth-promoting potency. The compound displays a potency of ca. 41% relative to insulin in assays for insulin-like activity (e.g., lipogenesis) but significantly higher activity than insulin, ca. 730% relative to insulin, in growth factor assays (e.g., thymidine incorporation). The compound is, however, a less potent growth factor than IGF-I itself, ca. 26.5% relative to IGF-I, and is not recognized by IGF carrier proteins. We conclude that structural features contained in the A-domain of IGF-I are primarily responsible for the growth-promoting ability displayed by IGF-I, while features in the B-domain are responsible for recognition by IGF carrier proteins.     

Oat leaf base: tissue with an efficient regeneration capacity

Summary An efficient short term regeneration system using seedling derived oat (Avena sativa) leaf tissue has been developed. Callus derived from the leaf base showed a higher response of plant regeneration than callus initiated from mesocotyls and more mature parts of the leaves. A correlation between the nuclear DNA content of the donor material, as analysed with flow cytometry, and its ability to form callus was observed. Somatic embryogenesis was histologically recognised from callus derived from tissue close to the apical meristem. Plant regeneration media with various concentrations of auxin were tested. Callus from three different cultivars had a similar regeneration potential with an optimal regeneration frequency of 60%. About 2 months after inoculation regenerated plantlets could be moved to a greenhouse for cultivation.Abbreviations 2,4-D 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid - DAPI 6-diamidino-2-phenylindole - IAA indole-3-acetic acid - KT kinetin - MS Murashige and Skoog's medium - NAA naphthalene acetic acid     

四川盐源盆地哺乳类化石及其意义

本文简述盐源盆地上新世和更新世晚期两个不同时代的哺乳动物化石十余种,据之修正了该盆地晚新生代沉积的时代和对比关系.     

兰萼丙素的结构

从北京地区产兰萼香茶菜[Rabdosia japonica (Burm. f.)Hara var.glaucocalyx(Maxim.)Hara]叶中分得三个对映-贝壳杉烯二萜化合物,其中二个为已知物兰萼甲素(2)和乙素(3),另一个为新化合物,命名为兰萼丙素,经光谱和化学方法证明,其结构为对映-7β,14α,15α-三羟基-16-贝壳杉烯-3-酮(1)。     

中国的脊棱齿象属(Stegolophodon)化石

剑齿象属 Stegodon 起源于脊棱齿象属 Stegolophodon,两者都是亚洲大陆晚新生代的特有动物,本文讨论两属中一些种的性质和分类位置问题,并记述了药铺脊棱齿象 Stegolophodon officinalis 的新材料.     

广西窄腹茧蜂属一新种：膜翅目：茧蜂科：茧蜂亚科

茧蜂亚科已知有123个属(Quicke,1987),其中窄腹茧蜂属Angustibracon Quicke是Quicke(1987)根据分布在印度的1个种Bracon leptogaster Cameron重新组合为1个新属而建立,迄今已定名种仅此1种。我们整理广西茧蜂标本时,鉴定出该属1新种。这是本属种类在我国分布的首次报道,现将该属属征和新种形态记述如下。新种模式标本存湖南农学院昆虫标本室。     

青龙河底栖无脊椎动物群落结构及其水质评价

本文论述了青龙河底栖生物种类、数量、分布和结构等特点及其与环境因子间的关系。应用Beck、Gleason、Shannon、Simpson等生物指数对水质状况进行评价。结果表明青龙河除个别断面受污染外,大部分河段属尚清洁水。     

Bioconversion of organosilicon compounds by horse liver alcohol dehydrogenase: the role of the silicon atom in enzymatic reactions

Summary Bioconversion of three organosilicon compounds of different chain length between the silicon atom and the hydroxyl group (Me₃Si(CH₂)_nOH, n = 1–3) by horse liver alcohol dehydrogenase (HLADH, EC 1.1.1.1.) was studied. Furthermore, the effect of the silicon atom on the HLADH-catalysed reaction was examined in comparison with the corresponding carbon compounds. HLADH could catalyse the dehydrogenation of trimethylsilyeethanol (n = 2) and trimethylsilylpropanol (n = 3). Trimethylsilylethanol was a better substrate than both its carbon analogue, 3,3-dimethylbutanol, and ethanol. The improved activity of HLADH on trimethylsilylethanol could be accounted for by a higher affinity toward HLADH and a lower activation energy of the reaction by HLADH than those of the carbon counterpart. These are derived from physical properties of the silicon atom, that is, the lower electronegativity and the bigger radius than those of the carbon atom. In contrast, HLADH showed no activity on trimethylsilylmethanol (n = 1), whereas it catalysed the dehydrogenation of the carbon analogue, 2,2-dimethylpropanol, fairly well. The reason for the inactivity of HLADH in the case of trimethylsilylmethanol based on the electric effect of the silicon atom is also discussed. Offsprint requests to: A. Tanaka     

电离辐射引起胃排空延迟机理的初步探讨

本文观察了800rad照射后胃肠肌电的变化及切斷内脏神经与电刺激迷走神经对官的影响,初步分析了电离辐射引起胃排空延迟的机理。结果是:800rad照后大鼠胃肠肌电的峰波平均振幅胃幽部窦部照后1小时至第4天明显降低(P<0.05);幽门括约肌政变不大;十二指肠球部照后第3～7天明显下降(P<0.01)。切断内脏神经后照射大鼠胃肠肌电的峰波平均振幅胃幽门窦部变化不大,幽门括约肌照后1小时至第5天明显升高(P<0.05),十二指肠球部照后第3～7天明显下降(P<0.05)。800rad照后第4天大鼠胃对电刺激迷走神经的反应性明显降低(P<0.01)。上述结果表明:照后胃排空延迟的原因不仅与神经-体液调节紊乱有关,而且与射线损伤了平滑肌,使其兴奋性暂时的功能性降低有关。此外照后由于十二指肠球部运动的变化而使内感受器对胃运动的调节发生紊乱也是值得重视的因素。     

阿坝藏族自治州若尔盖晚更新世地层及哺乳类化石

文中记述阿坝藏族自治州若尔盖县境内黄河阶地堆积及其所产哺乳动物化石,并经 C~(14) 测定,化石距今约22650±300年,地质时代为晚更新世晚期.