CO_2倍增对植物生长和土壤微生物生物量碳、氮的影响

关于大气ＣＯ２浓度倍增（即为７００μｍｏｌＣＯ２·ｍｏｌ－１空气）将对植物生长产生诸多影响,已有大量报道［１,２］。但ＣＯ２倍增对植物及所在土壤中微生物影响的研究甚少［３,４］。土壤微生物是陆地生态系统中最活跃的成分,担负着分解动植物残体的重要作用,...     

钙调素依赖型蛋白激酶在植物开花调控中的作用

钙调素依赖型蛋白激酶已被证明在诸多信号传导过程中起重要作用.研究了这一类激酶在植物开花调控中的可能作用.将分离自玉米的钙调素依赖型蛋白激酶(maize calmodulin-dependent protein kinase 1,MCK1),经过基因羧基末端(此羧基末端含有该基因的钙调素结合区)缺失突变成为MCKt,该基因的表达不再受钙调素的调控,通过农杆菌转化法获得转基因烟草植株.结果表明,MCKt的表达显著影响烟草的开花发育程序, 导致植物主枝的花原基败育以及侧枝营养生长期的延长.败育过程首先开始于正在发育的花药,然后是整个花的衰老.侧芽营养生长期的延长表征为产生成簇的伸长、窄小而扭曲的非典型叶片.这些结果显示,钙调素依赖型蛋白激酶同源物在开花调控中起着重要作用.     

HD-Zip III转录因子家族与植物细胞分化

细胞分化是生物生长发育的重要过程, 受到一系列信号的精确调控。植物特有的转录因子HD-Zip III在细胞分化中发挥了重要作用。该文对HD-Zip III基因类型和结构特点进行了简要介绍, 重点论述了HD-Zip III在胚胎形态发生、顶端分生组织形成、叶极性建立和维管组织分化等发育过程中的作用, 系统总结了HD-Zip III基因在不同层次受到的调控, 探讨了该家族基因与陆生维管植物进化的关系。     

Mediation of flowering by a calmodulin-dependent protein kinase

A calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (MCK1) appeared important in regulating flowering in tobacco. The expression of modified MCK1 that lacks the C-terminal including calmodulin-binding domain upsets the flowering developmental program, leading to the abortion of flower primordia initiated on the main axis of the plant and, as well, caused the prolongation of the vegetative phase in axillary buds. The abortion process of flowers began first in the developing anthers and subsequently the entire flower senesces. In axillary buds the prolonged vegetative phase was characterized by atypical elongated, narrow, twisted leaves. These results suggested a role for calmodulin-dependent protein kinase homologs in mediating flowering.     

大气CO2浓度倍增对植物暗呼吸的影响

以长期生长于350和700μmolCO_2·mol~(-1)空气的开顶式培养室的杜仲(Eucommia ulmoides Oliv.)、紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa L.)、玉米(Zea mays L.)等10种植物的离体成熟叶片或整株为材料,研究不同测定温度(15～35℃)下,CO_2浓度倍增对植物暗呼吸的影响。结果表明:在较低温度(15℃、20℃)下,CO_2浓度倍增对植物暗呼吸没有显著效应,在较高温度(30℃、35℃)下多数被测植物的暗呼吸显著增强。讨论了实验所得结果在未来全球气候变化中的可能的意义。     

Mediation of flowering by a calmodulin-dependent protein kinase

A calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (MCK1) appeared important in regulating flowering in tobacco. The expression of modifiedMCK1 that lacks the C-terminal including calmodulin-binding domain upsets the flowering developmental program, leading to the abortion of flower primordia initiated on the main axis of the plant and, as well, caused the prolongation of the vegetative phase in axillary buds. The abortion process of flowers began first in the developing anthers and subsequently the entire flower senesces. In axillary buds the prolonged vegetative phase was characterized by atypical elongated, narrow, twisted leaves. These results suggested a role for calmodulin-dependent protein kinase homologs in mediating flowering.     

不同培养基对杜氏藻（DunaliellaSalina）生长和无机离子含量的影响

培养在Ｊｏｈｎｓｏｎ培养液、Ｊｏｈｎｓｏｎ＋０．３％ＮａＣｌ培养液、海水和卤水中的杜氏藻,其生长速度有区别,在Ｊｏｈｎｓｏｎ＋０．３％ＮａＣｌ培养液中生长较好,Ｊｏｈｎｓｏｎ培养液和卤水次之,海水中生长较差。杜氏藻生沃的盐度范围为０～１２％,当培养基中ＮａＣｌ浓度超过１２％时,细胞数几乎不增加,甚至略有降低。在不同培养基中藻细胞Ｈ￣＋含量较稳定,而积累ｃａ￣（２＋）,在Ｊｏｈｎｓｏｎ＋０．３％ＮａＣｌ培养液中,杜氏藻细胞Ｎａ￣＋含量增加;而在含高浓度Ｎａ￣＋的海水和卤水中杜氏藻细胞中Ｎａ￣＋的含量低于培养液。     

普通小麦—鹅观草异附加系的选育与鉴定初报

应用根尖细胞染色体计数、花粉母细胞减数分裂染色体配对构型分析、植株外形特征观察、染色体Ｃ－分带技术,在普通小麦（Ｔｒｉｔｉｃｕｍ ａｅｓｔｉｖｕｍ Ｌ．）－鹅观草（Ｒｏｅｇｎｅｒｉａ ｋａｍ ｏｊｉＯｈｗ ｉ）的杂交及回交后代Ｆ５、ＢＣ１Ｆ３、ＢＣ１Ｆ４和ＢＣ２Ｆ４群体中选育并鉴定出３个二体异附加系Ｖ３９－１５－５、Ｖ３５－８－８ 和Ｖ５８－６－１１。对植株外形特征观察法和Ｃ－分带技术在普通小麦－鹅观草异附加系的选育和鉴定过程中的作用等问题进行了讨论