色素置换影响紫细菌601光合反应中心的电化学性质及其机理

运用色素置换、单分子复合膜技术及方波伏安法测定, 研究了色素置换对紫细菌Rhodobacter sphaeroides 601光合反应中心电化学性质的影响, 并探讨了相关机理. 研究发现, 紫细菌光反应中心在外加电位驱动下也可以产生电荷分离, 其效果等同于照光条件下的原初光化学反应. 在金电极表面上, 由2,3-二巯基丁二酸(DMSA)、聚二甲基二丙烯氯化铵(PDDA)与紫细菌光合反应中心(RC)组装而成单分子层复合膜(RC-PDDA-DMSA膜). 利用方波伏安法对RC-PDDA-DMSA膜进行了研究, 用低频率和高频率方波分别检测到紫细菌反应中心光化学反应不同的4个氧化还原电位对的参数. 通过非线性拟合, 获得了P/P⁺的标准电位(0.522 V)和电极反应速率常数(13.04 s^-1). 植物去镁叶绿素(Phe)置换细菌去镁叶绿素(Bphe)后反应中心在- 0.02 V的氧化还原峰显著变化, 进一步分析后认为是色素置换降低了Bphe^- / Bphe(Phe^- / Phe)和Q_A^-/Q_A电位对之间电子转移速率. 分析不同色素置换后的光谱及电化学性质, 并对不同的色素分子的功能基团进行比较, 结果表明, 叶绿醇尾同卟啉环上的其他取代基团一样明显影响了色素置换的位点和效率.     

Replacement of bacteriopheophytin in reaction centers fromRhodobacter sphaeroides RS601 with plant pheophytin

In the presence of acetone and an excess of exogenous plant pheophytins, bacterio-pheophytins in the reaction centers from Rhodobacter sphaeroides RS601 were replaced by pheophytins at sites HA and HB, when incubated at 43.5℃ for more than 15 min. The substitution of bacteriopheophytins in the reaction centers was 50% and 71% with incubation of 15 and 60 min, respectively. In the absorption spectra of pheophytin-replaced reaction centers (Phe RCs), bands assigned to the transition moments Qx (537 nm) and QY (758 nm) of bacteriopheophytin disappeared, and three distinct bands assigned to the transition moments Qx (509/542 nm) and QY (674 nm) of pheophytin appeared instead. Compared to that of the control reaction centers, the photochemical activities of Phe RCs are 78% and 71% of control, with the incubation time of 15 and 60 min. Differences might exist between the redox properties of Phe RC and of native reaction centers, but the substitution is significant, and the new system is available for further     

植物脱镁叶绿素替代RS601反应中心中的细菌脱镁叶绿素的研究

在一定的温度和丙酮的协同作用下,植物脱镁叶绿素a可置换紫细菌RS601光合反应中心的细菌脱镁叶绿素而形成含有植物脱镁叶绿素的紫细菌光合反应中心(简称Phe a RC).当协同作用15和60min时,反应中心的细菌脱镁叶绿素分别被替代了50%和71%.在Phe a RC中,细菌脱镁叶绿素的QX(537nm)和QY(758nm)特征峰显著下降,而出现植物脱镁叶绿素的QX(509/542nm)和QY(674nm)特征峰.排除温度和丙酮的影响,替代时间为15或60min的Phe a RC的光化学活性分别为对照的78%或71%,其电化学特性也有所变化.     

基于线粒体Cyt b 和核基因ZFY 探讨羊族物种之间的系统发生关系

为了阐明羊族物种之间的系统发生关系并解决岩羊属中矮岩羊物种的有效性问题,本文测定了来自金沙江河谷地区栖息于林线以上岩羊和林线以下矮岩羊共226 份粪便DNA 样品的线粒体Cyt b 基因全序列(1 140 bp)和核基因ZFY 部分序列(612 bp),结合从GenBank 中检索到的羊族物种同源DNA 序列进行比较,利用最大简约法和最大似然法构建分子系统发育树,根据获得的拓扑结构初步探讨它们的系统进化关系。结果表明,绵羊属的绵羊与山羊属、塔尔羊属、岩羊属各物种亲缘关系最远,喜马拉雅塔尔羊和岩羊属、山羊属的亲缘关系最近。在进化树的岩羊属这一分支中,金沙江河谷地带岩羊和矮岩羊与内蒙古、青海、四川其它地理种群的岩羊聚为一支,同时分布在这一区域的部分岩羊和矮岩羊在Cyt b 基因和ZFY 基因单倍型上存在共享现象。历史上的气候事件可能造成金沙江河谷地带岩羊和矮岩羊种群之间相互迁移,偏雄性扩散促进了各地理种群之间的基因交流。因此不支持矮岩羊为独立的物种,建议将金沙江河谷地带的岩羊和矮岩羊都划分到岩羊四川亚种(Pseudois nayaur szechuanensis)。由于它们的形态和生态上存在一定的分化,建议将林线以下矮岩羊作为一个独立的管理单元进行保护与管理。     

紫细菌光合反应中心中细菌脱镁叶绿素被置换后的光化学活性

采用新型表面活性剂ＬＤＡＯ,结合ＤＥＡＥ纤维素层析法,我们提纯了紫细菌Ｒｈｏｄｏｂａｃｔｅｒｓｐｈａｅｒｏｉｄｅｓ６０１的光合反应中心。在一定温度和丙酮的协同作用下,外加的植物脱镁叶绿素ａ可取代反应中心细菌脱镁叶绿素,形成含有脱镁叶绿素ａ的紫细菌光合反应中心（ＰｈｅａＲＣ）。当协同作用１５ｍｉｎ和６０ｍｉｎ时,反应中心中的细菌脱镁叶绿素分别被替代了５０％和７１％。在ＰｈｅａＲＣ中,细菌脱镁叶绿素的ＱＸ（５３７ｎｍ）和ＱＹ（７５８ｎｍ）特征峰显著下降,而出现高等植物脱镁叶绿素的ＱＸ（５０９／５４２ｎｍ）和ＱＹ（６７４ｎｍ）特征峰。排除温度和丙酮的影响,替代时间为１５ｍｉｎ或６０ｍｉｎ的ＰｈｅａＲＣ的光化学活性分别为对照的７８％或７１％。     

紫细菌光合反应中心中细菌脱镁叶绿素被置换后的光 …

采用新型表面活性剂ＬＤＡＯ,结合ＤＥＡＥ－纤维素层析法,我们提纯了紫细菌６０１的光合反应中心,在一定温度和丙酮的协同作用下,外加的植物脱镁叶绿素ａ可取代反应中心细菌脱镁叶绿素,形成含有脱镁叶绿素ａ的紫细菌光合反应中心。     

紫细菌RS601DCPIPH2→MV电子传递的研究

紫色非硫细菌菌株Ｒｂ．ｓｐｈｅｒｏｉｄｅｓ６０１（ＲＳ６０１）的载色体具有典型的Ｒｂ．ｓｐｈａｅｒｏｉｄｅｓ光谱特性。在光照和以ＤＣＰＩＰＨ２为电子供体条件下,ＲＳ６０１载色体能够串联呼吸电子传递链而耗氧或还原ＭＶ而构成ＤＣＰＩＰＨ２→ＭＶ的非循环电子传递链。电子传递抑制剂ＯＰ抑制ＤＣＰＩＰＨ２→ＭＶ电子传递活性,其中Ｉ５０为１．０ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ;抗霉素Ａ对该电子递影响较小,不存在Ｉ５０。ＬＤＨＸ,     

缺血后处理对兔脊髓缺血再灌注微循环损伤的影响

探讨缺血后处理对兔脊髓缺血再灌注微循环损伤的影响.成年新西兰大白兔24只随机分为假手术组(C组),缺血再灌注损伤组(IR组),缺血后处理组(P组).IR组和P组采用Zivin改进法制备脊髓缺血再灌注模型,P组在缺血30 min后行复灌1 min/缺血1 min相同处理3次.采用激光多普勒检测缺血前,缺血时及再灌注各时点血流量值,在再灌注24 h时取兔脊髓组织作HE染色观察病理形态学,比色法检测脊髓组织一氧化氮(Nitric oxide,NO)的含量,放免法检测内皮素-1(Endothelin-1,ET-1)及免疫组化法检测血红素氧合酶(Hemeoxygenase-1,HO-1)的表达.研究发现与缺血前基础值相比,再灌注10 min时IR组与P组血流量均有增高,在再灌注30、60、120 min,IR组血流量值有不同程度的降低;与IR组相比,P组血流量值在再灌注各时点均有不同程度的增高.与IR组相比,P组NO含量与HO-1表达均有增加,ET-1含量明显减少,NO/ET-1显著高于IR组(P<0.05或0.01),且P组脊髓病理学损伤轻于IR组.结果表明缺血后处理可减轻兔脊髓缺血再灌注微循环损伤,改善脊髓血流量,...     

Influence of pigment substitution on the electrochemical properties of Rhodobacter sphaeroides 601 reaction centers

With the help of pigment substitution, self-assembled monolayer film and square wave voltammetry, the influence of pigment substitution on the electrochemical properties ofRhodobacter sphaeroides 601 reaction centers was investigated. Results showed that the charge separation could also be driven by externally electric field, similar to the primary photochemical reaction in purple bacterial reaction center. On the surface of Au electrode, a self-assembled monolayer film (the RC-PDDA-DMSA film) was made up of 2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA), poly-dimethyldiallylammonium chloride (PDDA) and reaction center (RC). When square wave voltammetry was used to study the RC-PDDA-DMSA film, four redox pairs in the photochemical reaction of RC were observed by changing frequency. With nonlinear fitting, the standard potential of P/P⁺ and the corresponding electrode reaction rate constant were determined to be 0.522 V and 13.04 S^-1, respectively. It was found that the redox peak at −0.02 V changed greatly when bacteriopheophytin was substituted by plant pheophytin in the reaction center. Further studies indicated that this change resulted from the decrease in electron transfer rate between Bphe^-/Bphe (Phe^-/Phe) and Q_A ^-/Q_A after pigment substitution. After investigations of spectra and electrochemical properties of different RCs and comparisons of different function groups of pigments, it was indicated that the phytyl tail, similar to other substituted groups of pheophytin, affected the efficiencies of pigment substitution.     

Influence of pigment substitution on the electrochemical properties of Rhodobacter sphaeroides 601 reaction centers

With the help of pigment substitution, self-assembled monolayer film and square wave voltammetry, the influence of pigment substitution on the electrochemical properties of Rhodobac-ter sphaeroides 601 reaction centers was investigated. Results showed that the charge separation could also be driven by externally electric field, similar to the primary photochemical reaction in purple bacterial reaction center. On the surface of Au electrode, a self-assembled monolayer film (the RC-PDDA-DMSA film) was made up of 2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA), poly-dimeth-yldiallylammonium chloride (PDDA) and reaction center (RC). When square wave voltammetry was used to study the RC-PDDA-DMSA film, four redox pairs in the photochemical reaction of RC were observed by changing frequency. With nonlinear fitting, the standard potential of P/P+ and the corresponding electrode reaction rate constant were determined to be 0.522 V and 13.04 S-1, respectively. It was found that the redox peak at -0.02 V changed greatly when b