心肌细胞钾通道的研究进展

从分子水平上看,所有钾通道都是由一个基因家族中的基因所编码的４个亚基组成,通道的失活门控机制在Ｎ型、Ｃ型和Ｐ型三种,通道的孔道结构均在跨膜片段Ｓ５至Ｓ６之间,尽管各种钾通道在分子结构上的共处远多于不同之处,但每种钾通道的个性表现却有非常重要的生理意义,迄今为止在心肌细胞上发现的８种钾通道的电导值,门控动力学特征、离子动力学特征,通道激动剂,阻断剂和调制剂均不同。     

阻断犬冠脉后冠状静脉血液中影响血小板功能变化的因素分析

本研究用14只麻醉开胸犬,分析了阻断冠脉后缺血心肌局部静脉血液中血小板功能变化与体液因素改变的关系。结果表明,心肌缺血时,血小板聚集率(PAgR)明显增大,并伴有TXB_2含量增高、TXB,/6-酮-PGF_(1a)比值增大和血小板计数(PC)减少。此外,随缺血时间延长,全血粘度、红细胞压积(HCT)和红细胞计数(EC)增高,而白细胞计数(NC)、Po_2和pH降低。缺血60min时,将红细胞聚集率与有关参数的百分变化率进行相关分析的结果表明,在PAgR与TXB_2、NC和Po_2之间呈明显正相关(分别为r=0.887,P<0.01;r=0.757,P<0.05;r=0.758,P<0.05),另外在EC和6-酮-PGF_(1a)之间也有正相关关系(r=0.856,P<0.01)。这些结果提示,阻断冠脉后发生的前列腺素、血液粘度、红、白细胞以及缺氧和酸中毒等异常变化,均具有一定的致血小板功能改变的作用。     

江浙蝮蛇抗栓酶对兔缺血心肌电生理学变化的影响

本研究观察了江浙蝮蛇抗栓酶(svate)对缺血心肌电生理学变化的影响。结果表明,静脉注射svate,使阻断冠脉后兔血小板聚集功能和心脏电生理各指标变化明显减轻。缺血50min时,血小板聚集率仅增加4±13％,静息电位减小15.8±0.1％,动作电位幅度降低17.8±0.1％,复极化50％和90％时程分别缩短12.3±0.1％及延长4±0.1％,不应期差值为4.2±7.8％,室颤阈(VFT)降低15.4±8.1％,与单纯阻断组各参数的百分率变化相比,p值均<0.01,证明svate具有改善有效不应期和提高VFT的作用。     

Characteristics of the inward-rectifying potassium current in mouse ventricular myocytes and its relation to early after-depolarization

The properties of the inward-rectifying potassium current (IK1) were studied in the single myocytes isolated from adult mouse ventricles by the whole-cell patch-damp technique for the first time. Most of the properties of IK1 including channel conductances, activation, inactivation, rectification and external K sensitivity in mouse ventricular myocyte were similar to those in other species, but the current-voltage (1-V) curve of mouse ventricular myocyte showed no negative slope, i.e the slope in the range of membrane potential 50 mV positive to the reversal potential (VRev) was virtually flat and remained at a low current level ((59±39) pA). Under the superfusion of Tyrode's solution with 3mmol/L K and 3mmol/L Cs , IK1 in the above region nearly decreased to zero, and then the early after-depolarization (EAD) occurred. The results suggest that this distinctive characteristic of IK1 in mouse ventricular myocyte may relate to the high susceptibility to EA0 in mouse myocardium. The inhibition of IK1 se     

小鼠心室肌细胞内向整流钾电流的特性及其与早后去极化的关系

用全细胞膜片钳技术首次研究了成年小鼠单个心室肌细胞内向整流钾电流(I_k1)的整流特性,膜电导和反转电位对胞外钾离子浓度的敏感性及激活、失活动力学等性质。发现小鼠心室肌细胞I_k1最突出的特点就是其电压-电流(I～V)曲线在正于反转电位50mV的范围内无负斜率(negative slope)区,而是保持在一个很低的外向电流水平(59±39)pA。当用3mmol/L K^±和3mmol/L Cs^±灌流时,这一部分的I_k1减小为零,随后产生早后去极化(EAD)。结果提示:小鼠I_k1的这一特点与其EAD易发有关,I_k1受抑是本实验EAD发生的先决条件。