下丘脑室旁核加压素能神经元参与电针刺激对实验性内脏痛的抑制

本实验采用内脏痛的实验模型,探讨室旁核中的加压素在针刺抑制内脏痛中的作用。实验结果如下:(1)大鼠在在射酒石酸锑钾(0.1％,10ml/kg,i.p.)后,出现可定量的扭体反应,能作为观察内脏痛的客观指标。(2)电针对内脏痛有抑制效应,即具有镇痛作用。(3)电刺激室旁核,能加强电针对内脏痛的抑制效应,损毁室旁核,则此抑制效应基本消失。(4)脑室注射加压素抗血清(14μl)或加压素拮抗剂[d(CH_2)_5Tyr(Me)-AVP,500ng/5μl]都能明显减弱电针的抑制效应。(5)腹腔注射加压素拮抗剂(10μg/kg),不能翻转电针的抑制效应。上述实验结果表明,下丘脑室旁核的加压素能神经元参与了电针刺激对实验性内脏痛的抑制。     

Differences in ovarian activity between booroola X merino ewes which were homozygous, heterozygous and non-carriers of a major gene influencing their ovulation rate

Differences in the function and composition of individual ovarian follicles were noted in Booroola Merino ewes which had previously been segregated on at least one ovulation rate record of greater than 5 (FF ewes, N = 15), 3-4 (F+ ewes, N = 18) or less than 3 (++ ewes, N = 18). Follicles in FF and F+ ewes produced oestradiol and reached maturity at a smaller diameter than in ++ ewes. In FF (N = 3), F+ (N = 3) and ++ (N = 3) ewes, the respective mean +/- s.e.m. diameters for the presumptive preovulatory follicles were 3.4 +/- 0.3, 4.1 +/- 0.2 and 6.8 +/- 0.3 mm and in each of these follicles the respective mean +/- s.e.m. numbers of granulosa cells (X 10(6)) were 1.8 +/- 0.3, 2.2 +/- 0.3 and 6.6 +/- 0.3. During a cloprostenol-induced follicular phase, the oestradiol secretion rates from FF ewes with 4.8 +/- 0.4 'oestrogenic' follicles, F+ ewes with 3.2 +/- 0.2 'oestrogenic' follicles and ++ ewes with 1.5 +/- 0.02 'oestrogenic' follicles were not significantly different from one another. Moreover, the mean total numbers of granulosa cells from the 'oestrogenic' follicles from each genotype were identical, namely 5.4 X 10(6) cells. Irrespective of genotype the mean weight of each corpus luteum was inversely correlated to the ovulation rate (R = 0.91, P less than 0.001). Collectively, these findings support the notion that the maturation of greater than or equal to 5 follicles in FF ewes and 3-4 follicles in F+ ewes may each be necessary to provide a follicular-cell mass capable of producing the same quantity of oestradiol as that from 1-2 preovulatory follicles in ++ ewes.     

Ovarian activity in Booroola X Romney ewes which have a major gene influencing their ovulation rate

A marked difference in both the function and composition of individual ovarian follicles was noted in Booroola X Romney ewes (6-7 years of age) which had previously been segregated on at least one ovulation rate record of 3-4 (F + ewes, N = 21) or less than 3 (++ ewes, N = 21). Follicles in F + ewes produced oestradiol and reached maturity at a smaller diameter than in ++ ewes. In F+ ewes (N = 3), the presumptive preovulatory follicles were 4.4 +/- 0.5 (s.e.m.) mm in diameter and contained 2.1 +/- 0.3 X 10(6) (s.e.m.) granulosa cells, whereas in ++ ewes (N = 3), such follicles were 7.3 +/- 0.3 mm in diameter and contained 6.5 +/- 0.8 X 10(6) cells. During a prostaglandin (PG)-induced follicular phase, the secretion rate of oestradiol from ovaries containing 3 presumptive preovulatory follicles in F + ewes was similar to that from ovaries with only one such follicle in ++ ewes. We suggest that the putative 'gene effect' in F + ewes is manifested during early follicular development and that it may be mediated via an enhanced sensitivity of granulosa cells to pituitary hormones. As a consequence, the development of 3 preovulatory follicles in F + ewes may be necessary to provide a cell mass capable of producing the same quantity of oestradiol as that from one preovulatory follicle in ++ ewes.     

血液病患者的巨细胞病毒感染

用间接酶联免疫吸附实验(ELISA)对新近诊断的179例血液病患者血清巨细胞病毒(HCMV)IgM和IgA抗体进行了检测。阳性率分别为11,17％11,73％,明显高于对照人群(4,76％和3,97％),提示血液病患者由于免疫功能下降,易于发生HCMV活动性感染。     

Binding characteristics of 125I-labelled human FSH to granulosa cells from Booroola ewes which were homozygous, heterozygous or non-carriers of a major gene(s) influencing their ovulation rate

At 37 degrees C 125I-labelled human (h) FSH (NIAMDD-hFSH-I-3) bound rapidly to granulosa cells from Booroola and Romney ewes with 50% maximum binding achieved after 3 min and equilibrium being reached within 45 min, irrespective of whether the cells were obtained from the FF, F+ or ++ Booroola genotypes or from Romney ewes. Binding of 125I-labelled FSH followed second order kinetics and there was no effect of follicle diameter (1-2.5 mm vs greater than or equal to 3 mm). Irrespective of breed, genotype or follicle size, the mean (+/- s.e.m.) calculated association rate constant, (ka) was 7.3 (+/- 0.8) x 10(5) litres mol-1 sec-1 (n = 12). Dissociation of receptor bound 125I-labelled hFSH was less than 5% after 30 min and low but variable (i.e. between 0 and 30%) after 2-6 h irrespective of breed, genotype or follicle size. No gene-specific differences were noted in binding specificity between F+ and ++ genotypes: studies were not performed with cells from FF ewes because of insufficient cells. The binding of 125I-labelled hFSH could be displaced with sheep FSH (NIH-FSH-S16; 10% cross-reaction) and FSH-P (2.5% cross-reaction) but other sheep pituitary hormones and hCG showed little or no cross-reaction (less than or equal to 0.1%). The calculated binding capacities (Bmax) and equilibrium dissociation constants (Kd) for 125I-labelled hFSH binding to granulosa cells did not differ between the Booroola genotypes or between Booroola or Romney follicles of different diameter (i.e. 1-2.5 mm; or greater than or equal to 3 mm). The overall mean +/- s.e.m. (n = 24) Bmax and Kd values were 16.7 +/- 0.8 fm/mg protein (i.e. approximately 800 available receptor binding sites/cell) and 1.1 +/- 0.1 nM respectively. Collectively, these findings suggest that the earlier maturation of follicles in FF or F+ ewes compared to ++ ewes is unlikely to be due to gene-specific differences in the FSH binding characteristics of the granulosa cells.     

PIXE determination of essential trace elements in some traditional Chinese medicines

Biological Trace Element Research - The essential trace elements in 30 traditional Chinese medicines, (24 tonics and 6 nontonics) were determined by proton-induced X-ray emission. The...     

春小麦胚芽伸长过程中渗透调节与能量代谢

本文用PEG模拟水分亏缺对春小麦红芒麦和绵阳11号胚芽伸长过程中生长、膨压、渗透势、水势和渗透调节能力与ATP含量、能荷变化及能量代谢间的关系进行了研究。结果表明,通过降低能荷,改变分解代谢与合成代谢的比率,使渗透调节物质积累,增加了幼苗的吸水能力,从而使其在一定的ATP能量水平上维持缓慢生长;抗旱品种红芒麦在水分亏缺下成苗速率较快,能保持一定的ATP能量水平和能荷值,渗透调节和吸水能力都比较强。     

露水草的光合特性及其生态学意义

用盆栽和遮阴试验研究了露水草（Ｃｙａｎｏｔｉｓ ａｒａｃｈｎｏｉｄｅａ Ｃｌａｒｋｅ） 的光合作用特征,比较了不同遮光水平对光合速率、光合器官特性及光合产量的影响。结果如下：１．露水草是一种耐阴偏阳的Ｃ３ 类草木植物,其光合作用的光饱和点约为６５０ μｍ ｏｌ·ｍ － ２·ｓ－ １,光补偿点约为１７ μｍ ｏｌ·ｍ － ２·ｓ－ １,且具有高达１３０×１０－ ６的ＣＯ２ 补偿点。２．露水草的最大净光合速率为１２．４５ μｍ ｏｌ·ｍ － ２·ｓ－ １。叶片净光合速率的日变化规律呈双峰曲线,主峰在１１～１２ 时,次峰在１５时左右。３．遮光２０％ ～５０％ 有利于露水草的生长。与对照相比,叶片中叶绿素ｂ 的含量增加了４７％ ～８３％ ,并且由于净光合速率（相对光合速率）的提高,使光合生产量增加了１２％ ～１８％ 。     

以淀粉珠为载体的亲和层析法分离纯化高温α淀粉酶

 以淀粉珠为载体的亲和层析法分离纯化高温α淀粉酶张学忠,宋伦,王群,吴晓霞,唐锌进（吉林大学酶工程国家重点实验室,长春１３００２３;南京师范大学生物系,南京２１００２４）金凤燮等人从酒曲中筛选出高产热稳定α淀粉酶的菌株,命名为Ｂａｃｉｌｌｕｓｓｐ－ＪＦ...     

小麦体细胞胚发生的超微结构研究

对小麦（Ｔｒｉｔｉｃｕｍ ａｅｓｔｉｖｕｍ Ｌ．）幼胚培养中体细胞胚发生过程的超微结构变化进行了研究,结果如下：（１）原体细胞中大液泡消失,存在大量小液泡,细胞质的电子密度加强,核大,核仁明显,出现多核仁;（２）细胞器数量和种类,如质体、核糖体和线粒体增加;（３）细胞壁加厚,胞间连丝逐渐消失,细胞器数量丰富,胚性细胞中积累淀粉;（４）细胞壁加厚的胚性细胞中存在核仁液泡、自体吞噬泡和分泌泡;（５）多细胞原胚、球形胚和梨形胚被一层外壁包围,但胚体内细胞间广泛存在胞间连丝;（６）成熟胚生长点部位的细胞内质体中出现膜系结构,已向叶绿体转变,类囊体已形成