Changes in the heat resistance of Salmonella typhimurium during heating at rising temperatures

The heat resistance of Salmonella typhimurium , measured as survival following a standard heat challenge at 55°C for 25 min, increased progressively as cells were heated up at linearly rising temperatures. The amount by which heat resistance increased depended on the rate of temperature rise; the slower the temperature rise, the greater the increase in resistance.     

Identification of up-regulated genes in human uterine leiomyoma by suppression subtractive hybridization

In searching for differentially expressed genes in human uterine leiomyomas (ULs), suppression sub-tractive hybridization was used to construct an UL up-regulated library, which turned out to represent 88genes. After two rounds of screening by reverse Northern analysis, twenty genes were proved to be up-regulated, including seventeen known genes and three genes with unknown function. All these genes werefirstly associated with UL. Three genes with notable difference were selected for Northern confirmationOur results proved the authenticity of the twenty genes. One gene named Phospholipase A2 (PLA2) showedup-regulation in 4/6 of the patients and investigation of tissue distribution indicated that it had obviousexpression in prostate, testis, liver, heart and skeletal muscle.     

Integrated species delimitation and conservation implications of an endangered weevil Pachyrhynchus sonani (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in Green and Orchid Islands of Taiwan

Oceanic islands are productive habitats for generating new species and high endemism, which is primarily due to their geographical isolation, smaller population sizes and local adaptation. However, the short divergence times and subtle morphological or ecological divergence of insular organisms may obscure species identity, so the cryptic endemism on islands may be underestimated. The endangered weevil Pachyrhynchus sonani Kôno (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Entiminae: Pachyrhynchini) is endemic to Green Island and Orchid Island of the Taiwan‐Luzon Archipelago and displays widespread variation in coloration and host range, thus raising questions regarding its species boundaries and degree of cryptic diversity. We tested the species boundaries of P. sonani using an integrated approach that combined morphological (body size and shape, genital shape, coloration and cuticular scale), genetic (four genes and restriction site‐associated DNA sequencing, RAD‐seq) and ecological (host range and distribution) diversity. The results indicated that all the morphological datasets for male P. sonani, except for the colour spectrum, reveal overlapping but statistically significant differences between islands. In contrast, the morphology of the female P. sonani showed minimum divergence between island populations. The populations of P. sonani on the two islands were significantly different in their host ranges, and the genetic clustering and phylogenies of P. sonani established two valid evolutionary species. Integrated species delimitation combining morphological, molecular and ecological characters supported two distinct species of P. sonani from Green Island and Orchid Island. The Green Island population was described as P. jitanasaius sp.n. Chen & Lin, and it is recommended that its threatened conservation status be recognized. Our findings suggest that the inter‐island speciation of endemic organisms inhabiting both islands may be more common than previously thought, and they highlight the possibility that the cryptic diversity of small oceanic islands may still be largely underestimated.     

粘虫幼虫血淋巴中的凝集素

粘虫Mythlmna separata Walker幼虫血淋巴中含有凝集某些脊椎动物红细胞的凝集素,凝集活性可被乳糖、岩藻糖或神经氨酸抑制.用CNBr-sepharose 4B 进行亲和层析从血淋巴中分离的凝集素成分比较复杂,聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳显示三条区带,SDS聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳出现6个亚基,亚基分子量分别为71000、65000、56000、35000、33000及31000道尔顿.     

氯化钠对培养的大鼠主动脉平滑肌细胞的心房钠尿肽受体的调节

培养的卒中型自发性高血压大鼠(SHR_(sp))及其对照 WKY 大鼠主动脉平滑肌细胞(VSMC)上存在心房钠尿肽(ANP)的特异性受体,它们与~(125)I-ANP 的最大结合量(B_(max))是:SHR_(sp)3.65±0.13和 WKY 1.89±0.09 pmol/mg pr(P<0.01);解离平衡常数(Kd)值分别是72.6±10.2和42.0±4.8×10~(-12)mol/L(P<0.01)。 两种细胞内介导舒血管作用的第二信使、环磷酸乌苷(cGMP)的基础浓度无显著差异,对相同剂量 ANP 刺激引起 cGMP 分别增加139(SHRsp)和271(WKY)倍。可见 SHRsp 的 VSMC ANP 受体数量虽比 WKY大鼠增多,但对相同剂量 ANP 引起的 cGMP 增加反应及 ANP 受体的亲和力均显著降低。高盐培养液孵育24h 后,细胞表面 ANP 受体的亲和力改变不明显,但受体数量下调,SHRsp 和 WKY 大鼠分别降至对照的34.8±8.2%和38.6±9.4%,细胞对 ANP 引起的 cGMP增加反应明显降低,且均以 SHR_(sp)较显著。提示后两种变化可能在高盐促进血压升高的机制中起作用。     

轴浆转运在神经再生中的作用

夹伤坐骨神经阻断标记蛋白在轴浆中的快、慢转运。3天后转运再现。第14天的转运距离与对照相似,说明再生神经的转运动能基本恢复。用快、慢转运测出的14天平均再生速度分别为1.77±0.14与1.96±0.07mm/d,比对照神经的正常生长速度快6.3—7倍,提示再生需要更多的转运物质。进一步发现再生神经中某些标记蛋白(慢转运波W1)的转运速度为10.25±0.66mm/d,约比对照快1倍,因此这些标记蛋白可能包含适应再生需要而加速转运的结构和功能物质。     

The restricted distribution of potato leafroll luteovirus antigen in potato plants with transgenic resistance resembles that in clones with one type of host genemediated resistance

The distribution of virus-infected cells was examined, by fluorescence microscopy, within plants of a range of potato clones infected with potato leafroll luteovirus (PLRV). This range included nine PLRV-resistant clones, of which four were transgenic lines carrying the PLRV coat protein gene and five were conventionally bred. Plants of these clones were resistant to PLRV multiplication and accumulated less virus antigen in leaf tissue than did susceptible clones. Indirect fluorescent antibody staining of thin sections from carbodiimide-fixed petiole tissue revealed that in plants of PLRV-susceptible clones, virus-infected cells were abundant within both external (abaxial) and internal (adaxial) phloem bundles. In plants of the PLRV-resistant conventionally bred clones and in resistant transgenic lines of cv. Pentland Squire, virus-infected cells were much fewer in number and largely restricted to internal phloem bundles. In resistant transgenic lines of cv. Désirée, this restricted distribution of PLRV antigen was only detected in petioles of young leaves. The results suggest that the transgenic and a host-mediated type of resistance that restricts virtis multiplication have underlying similarities.     

龟纹瓢虫幼虫的食物搜索行为

本试验采用Nakamuta(1982)装置研究龟纹瓢虫Propylea japonica(Thunberg)幼虫的食饵搜索行为,结果表明:1.五种刺激均能激发搜索行为由广域型转换为地域集中型;2.摄食时间与GUT呈正相关;3.摄食的最后一个食饵大小决定GUT的长短;4.摄食后0—15秒的搜索速度小、弯曲角度大.     

加味八珍汤联合PFNA术治疗老年股骨转子间骨折患者的临床效果及对血液流变学指标的影响

目的:研究加味八珍汤联合股骨近端防旋髓内钉(Proximal Femoral Nail Antirotation,PFNA)对老年股骨转子间骨折患者的临床效果及对术后隐性失血和血液流变学的影响。方法:选择2014年3月至2017年3月我院收治的68例接受PFNA治疗的转子间骨折者,将其随机平均分为观察组(34例,术后口服加味八珍汤颗粒7天)、对照组(34例)。对比两组总失血量、隐性失血量、隐性失血比例、血液流变学指标(血浆粘度及全血黏度低、中、高切)、不良反应等。结果:⑴两组各剔除2例,94.12%(64/68)的受试者完成研究。⑵两组总失血量相当,差异无统计学意义(P0.05);与对照组相比,观察组隐性失血量及隐性失血发生率均显著降低(P0.05)。⑶治疗前,两组血浆粘度及低、中、高切全血黏度比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05);治疗后,两组血浆粘度及低、中、高切全血黏度均显著低于本组治疗前(P0.05),且观察组以上指标均明显低于对照组(P0.05)。⑷观察组发生肌间静脉血栓1例,无药物过敏及毒副反应;对照组发生1例深静脉血栓、4例肌间静脉血栓。观察组不良反应率为3.125%,显著低于对照组(15.625%,P0.05)。结论:加味八珍汤既可显著减少老年股骨转子间骨折患者PFNA术后隐性失血,又能改善血流动力学、减少并发症。