办班消息

一、负责人 冉玉平教授 二、培训项目国家级医学继续教育项目《皮肤真菌病基础和临床研究新进展》[2009-04—12-060（国）]     

四川省自然保护区时空分布与影响因素

自然保护区是为保护具有代表性的生态系统和濒危动植物而划分的特定区域,在涵养水土,防风固沙、净化空气、保护生物多样性等方面发挥着重要作用。四川省有自然保护区166处,类型丰富多样,是中国自然保护地体系的重要组成部分,其保护对象涵盖珍稀动植物,保护功能涉及物种、水源和生态环境,与国家地质公园、湿地公园、森林公园等共同维系着中国西南地区,乃至青藏高原东缘的生态系统。因此,研究四川省自然保护区的空间分布格局及其影响因素具有重要的价值和意义。运用地理空间分析方法对1963-2018年间四川省自然保护区的空间分布和影响因素进行了研究。研究发现:①四川省自然保护区空间分布的总体特征以集聚为主,呈现集聚-随机-集聚的变化特征,且前期变化幅度大,后期变化幅度小,总体发展明显分为1963-1998年的单核形成与发展阶段和1998-2018年的双核阶段;②四川省自然保护区主要分布在成都平原向川西高原的过渡区域,其均衡度类型在时间上表现出由"差距悬殊"到"差距较大"的演变特征;③四川省自然保护区的重心活动范围相对较小,基本稳定在阿坝州南部。标准差椭圆的长短半轴和面积均变化强烈,总体呈现出大幅度的增长,空间分布由南-北向演变为东北-西南向;④自然保护区受到自然因素和社会因素的双重影响,高密度区域分布在地势适中、气候温和、河流众多、土壤肥沃、人口稀少的阿坝州南部与东部地区。未来,四川省生态功能建设应该立足国家公园、自然保护区和自然公园的特点、分布状况,对自然保护区分布较少的川西北、川东北和川南部分地区进行优化布局,以加强这些地区的生态功能建设。同时,探索自然保护区的发展模式,实现自然保护区与周边区域社会经济的协调发展。     

Fractal root system of Melica przewalskyi along different aspect in degraded grassland

Aims Fractal root system is phenotypic plasticity result of plant root architecture to respond to environmental heterogeneity, may reflect the growth strategy of plants to adapt to environmental conditions. Our objective was to explore the relationship between root fractal dimension and fractal abundance of fractal root system of Melica przewalskyi population in response to aspect variation in the northwest of China. Methods The study site was located in a degraded alpine grassland on the northern slope in Qilian Mountains, Gansu Province, China. Survey and sampling were carried out at 40 plots which were set up along four slope aspects transects with 20 m distance between adjacent plots. Handheld GPS was used to determine the elevation, longitude and latitude of each plot. ArcGIS was used to set up digital elevation model (DEM). Community traits were investigated and six individuals roots of M. przewalskyi were collected randomly at each plot. The samples were cleaned and divided into different organs, then scanning the root with the Win-RHIZO for measurements of fractal dimension and fractal abundance in laboratory, and their biomass were then measured after being dried at 80 °C in an oven. Important findings With the slope aspect turned from north to east, west, and south, the density, height and soil moisture content of the plant community displayed a pattern of initial decline, the height, density, root fractal abundance of M. przewalskyi increased and the root fractal dimension decreased. The root fractal dimension was negatively associated with the fractal abundance in all aspects, but the relationship varied along the slope aspects gradient; there was a highly significant negative correlation (p < 0.01) between the root fractal dimension and fractal abundance at north slope and south slope aspect, whereas the correlation only reached a significant level (p < 0.05) at the east slope aspect and west slope aspect; indicating that there is a trade-off between the root fractal dimension and fractal abundance. In addition, when the slope aspect changed from north to east, west and south, the standardized major axis (SMA) slope of the regression equation in the scaling relationships between root fractal dimension and fractal abundance increased (p < 0.05), indicating that the roots of M. przewalskyi at the droughty southern slope have less branch and more sparse in the same soil volume of root exploitation and utilization. Consequently, the resource allocation pattern on reasonable trade-off between root fractal dimension and fractal abundance in different slope aspect of M. przewalskyi, reflects the relationship between the income and the cost of construction of plant root architecture.     

珙桐树上“鸽花飞”

甘肃白水江保护区因有大熊猫、金丝猴、羚牛等国家一级重点保护动物而驰名中外。我作为一名保护区的普通职工,对保护区初期没有国家一级重点保护植物而感到困惑,难道“鱼和熊掌真的不能兼得吗?”带着困惑和试一试的想法,找来孩子的《植物学》教科书,耐心地看了几遍,还做了一个简易的标本夹,每次进林巡山都带上它,遇到不认识的植物便采上两份压在夹子里,下山后总要问问当地老乡,     

甘肃东乡几种早中新世哺乳动物化石

本文记述了在甘肃东乡椒子沟发现的几种早中新世哺乳动物化石:Gomphotherium sp、Dzungariotheriura orgosense、Rhinocerotidae gen. indet.和Paraentelodon macrognathus sp. nov.,着重讨论了全北区猪齿兽类的系统关系。根据化石的性质判断,东乡椒子沟化石点的地质时代应与欧洲Burdigalian早期,亦即MN_3相当或稍早。笔者将原定为上新世临夏组的第一、二岩性段划出,命名为椒子沟组,其时代为早中新世。     

Dinocrocuta gigantea头骨的发现

本文记述了甘肃和政县晚中新世地层中发现的一个完整的巨鬣狗头骨;讨论了它的分类地位,修正了 Schlosser 1903年建种时的一些鉴定错误.巨鬣狗是鬣狗科中一个十分特化的成员,应代表一个独立的属.根据命名规则,我们采用 N. schmidt-Kittler 1976年所创的 Dinocrocuta. 因此,这个种应订正为 Dinocrocuta gigantea (schlosser, 1903).     

记甘肃晚侏罗世一蜥蜴新属

本文记述石龙子类 Scincomorpha 蜥蜴的—新属,甘肃拟贝氏蜥 Mimobefklesisaurus gansuensis gen. et sp. nov. 化石发现于甘肃省肃北县马宗山区晚侏罗世的赤金堡群.这是石龙子类化石在我国的第一次发现,也是目前所发现的这类动物在亚洲的最早的代表.     

王朗自然保护区鸟类调查报告

本文报道了王朗自然保护区的鸟类总计为139种另5亚种,分隶于12目32科(4亚科)。其中鸟76,夏候鸟52,冬候鸟6和旅鸟10种与亚种;棕头歌鸲是迄今国内采到的唯一标本。分析表明,以栖息针阔叶混交林的鸟类最多,占保护区鸟类总数的92.4%;全部优势种、89.5%的特种和87.5%的国家重点保护鸟类均见于这一生境。从繁殖鸟的区系从属关系进行分析,保护区内以古北鸟类为主,占60.6%,东洋界鸟类仅占29.2%。     

中国甘肃Eleutherophyllum Stur的新材料及其分类位置

自李星学等(1974)首次报道Eleutherophyllum waldenburgense(Stur)Zimmermann在我国发现以来,这一纳缪尔A期Eumorphoceras带的重要标志化石,除甘肃靖远大水沟外,我国其它地区至今尚无新材料增补。同时,甘肃靖远的材料,亦因标本较少和其它原因,尚未进行正式研究。近年来,为迎接