Habitat manipulation preferred by Eld’s Deer in Hainan Island,China

In order to improve the conservation status of the Eld’s Deer (Cervus eldii), a critically endangered species in China, a population in a nature reserve on Hainan Island was studied. Abundances and behaviours in two different habitat types, natural and manipulated, were recorded. We found that different habitats were preferred according to season. Both sexes were more abundant in the manipulated habitat from January to May, with males being more abundant in the natural habitat from September to October. However, females, were significantly more abundant from April and May in the manipulated habitat. The deer preferred the more open manipulated habitat for feeding, consistent with greater food availability. This study provides useful evidence for managers to create seasonally suitable habitat for the conservation of this species on Hainan Island. Similar methods could also be applied to other deer species in China, most of which are facing critical survival challenges.     

海南坡鹿CDC42 cDNA的克隆、原核表达及纯化

应用RT-PCR方法对海南坡鹿细胞分裂周期蛋白42(Cell division cycle 42,CDC42)编码区进行扩增,将扩增产物与PET-42a载体连接,重组质粒鉴定正确后,进行生物信息学分析;构建pET42a-hdCDc42表达载体,经IPTG诱导表达,将表达产物进行SDS-PAGE、可溶性分析、纯化及Wes...     

Factors affecting crop damage by wild boar and methods of mitigation in a giant panda reserve

In China, following the introduction of protection measures, wild boar (Sus scrofa) are returning to forested mountains they previously inhabited and conflict in villages near or within areas under protection has intensified. We studied this phenomenon around a giant panda nature reserve in the Qinling Mountains, China to determine the incidence and frequency of wild boar damage and methods of mitigation. Over a 3-year period, we found that almost half of households in the local village sustained crop damage, that wild boar frequently raided maize (Zea mays), potato (Ipomoea batatas), and wheat (Triticum aestivum) adjoining the reserve, and that boar usually raided croplands at night and preferred the actual crops. The distance between maize fields and mountains or a stream predicted the probability of a field being raided and also the severity of the damage. Local farmers used many methods to protect their crops; however, all were ineffective except increasing the presence of humans in fields.     

Field observation,capture and anesthesia of a colugo (Galeopterus variegatus) in Laos

In the course of the wildlife rescue program on the Nakai Plateau during the Nam Theun 2 Hydropower Project a colugo (Galeopterus variegatus) was captured in September 2008. Following the project's general wildlife capture protocol sampling and measuring were conducted during monitored anesthesia. This is the second field observation of a free ranging colugo in Laos and the first documented anesthesia in this species.     

半散放条件下赤麂卧息地特征分析

2006年4～8月,在海南省大田国家级自然保护区对位于E108°47′05·8″～108°47′12·0″、N19°05′55·7″～19°05′58·1″,面积为10400m2的围栏内6只半散放条件下赤麂(Muntiacus muntjak)的卧息生境进行了研究。将围栏内的面积划为104个10m×10m的样方,作为收集数据的基本单元。将有赤麂卧息的样方定义为卧息单元,反之为非卧息单元。赤麂选择在14个样方卧息,卧息地平均长(1·6643±0·6197)m、宽(1·1679±0·3123)m、高(0·8143±0·1445)m。采用逻辑斯蒂回归模型作为赤麂卧息地特征分析的数学模型,分析了在14个卧息单元中收集的11类生态因子。结果表明,赤麂卧息地的选择与草本高度、隐蔽度、灌木高度及灌木密度正相关。赤麂卧息地选择的预测模型可用以下数学表达式表示:ln[P/(1-P)]=-26·888 0·089×灌木密度 0·253×草本高度 0·114×隐蔽度 0·079×灌木高度。     

海南大田国家级自然保护区赤麂的食性

20 0 1年 1 0月至 2 0 0 2年 9月在海南大田国家级自然保护区 ,采用直接观察法和采食痕迹估计法对赤麂的食性进行了研究。共记录了赤麂 36 4群 ,群的平均大小为 1 32只。我们对这些赤麂利用的 5 2 3个取食地的植被进行了分析 ,并利用采食痕迹估计法确定了 2 94个取食地。赤麂取食的植物达到 2 1 5种 ,隶属 5 8科。其中木本植物 1 1 4种 (占 5 3 0 2 % ) ,草本植物 95种 (占 4 4 1 9% ) ,蕨类植物 6种 (占 2 79% )。取食频率超过 0 0 1 %的植物主要集中在 2 5个科 ,共计 5 5种 ,对这些种类的取食频率达到总取食频率的 89 2 3%。不同季节中赤麂取食的植物种类没有明显差异 ,但是在食物种类的选择方面存在季节性差异。赤麂对植物部位的选择性有季节性差异。从取食部位看 ,赤麂属于以嫩枝叶为主的精食者。无论旱季还是雨季 ,赤麂主要在有刺灌丛和灌丛草地生境类型中取食。野外见到赤麂以直接饮水的方式来补充对水分的需求 ,旱季表现得尤为明显     

原鸡海南亚种的巢址特征

选择适宜的巢址对降低巢捕食风险,提高繁殖成效有重要意义。2008年3—7月,在海南省大田国家级自然保护区,采用随机样线法结合访问法在各种生境类型中系统地寻找原鸡海南亚种(Gallus gallus jabouillei)的巢,并在野外追踪观察基础上用样方法对原鸡的巢址选择进行研究。共记录到原鸡的巢16个,以巢为中心选取样方并测量反映巢址的13个特征生境参数,同时分析16个对照样方以进行比较,并通过主成分分析探讨影响巢址选择的主导因子。结果表明：（1) 原鸡的巢位于密集的丛生草本下或低矮的灌木丛基部。营巢背景多样,其中位于草本植物下10个(62.5%);灌草丛5个(31.3%);灌木下1个(6.25%)。（2) Mann–Whitney U检验的结果显示,原鸡偏好于比较开阔、地面落叶稀少而靠近的小道和林缘的位置营巢。（3) 主成分分析表明,植被盖度因子和空间位置因子贡献率最大,在降低巢捕食风险中有重要价值,是影响原鸡巢址选择的主要因素。     

原鸡海南亚种的巢址特征

选择适宜的巢址对降低巢捕食风险,提高繁殖成效有重要意义。2008年3—7月,在海南省大田国家级自然保护区,采用随机样线法结合访问法在各种生境类型中系统地寻找原鸡海南亚种(Gallus gallus jabouillei)的巢,并在野外追踪观察基础上用样方法对原鸡的巢址选择进行研究。共记录到原鸡的巢16个,以巢为中心选取样方并测量反映巢址的13个特征生境参数,同时分析16个对照样方以进行比较,并通过主成分分析探讨影响巢址选择的主导因子。结果表明:(1)原鸡的巢位于密集的丛生草本下或低矮的灌木丛基部。营巢背景多样,其中位于草本植物下10个(62.5%);灌草丛5个(31.3%);灌木下1个(6.25%)。(2)Mann–WhitneyU检验的结果显示,原鸡偏好于比较开阔、地面落叶稀少而靠近的小道和林缘的位置营巢。(3)主成分分析表明,植被盖度因子和空间位置因子贡献率最大,在降低巢捕食风险中有重要价值,是影响原鸡巢址选择的主要因素。     

元江干热河谷主要环境因子(气温和降水)变化规律及蕨类植物的分布响应

为了解蕨类植物多样性及种群分布对环境因子的响应,建立元江干热河谷不同海拔气温和降水的分布模式,对蕨类植物在元江干热河谷内的自然分布进行了研究。结果表明,元江干热河谷从低海拔到高海拔,气温逐渐下降,但降水量却逐渐增加;河谷内蕨类植物多样性及种群分布呈现差异化;干热河谷内蕨类分布受气温影响不大,但与生境水分条件密切相关。元江干热河谷水热条件分布不均,生态环境破碎,气温和降水分布不均,差异化显著,促进了小生境发育。蕨类植物可以指示生态环境的完整性和连续性,某些种群可以指示和监测环境因子尤其是水因子的变化。