老化和风干处理对蚓粪微生物学性质和结构稳定性的影响

蚓粪水稳性团聚体含量是结构稳定性表征之一,蚓粪中水稳性团聚体含量与其微生物学性质是紧密联系的,并且受到老化时问和有机质等因素的影响。国内将蚓粪水稳性团聚体含量与其微生物学性质联系,并结合施用不同有机物处理的研究很少见报道。研究通过室内短期培养试验,研究了在不同碳氮比有机物施用下蚓粪老化和风干处理对其微生物生物量、微生物活性和结构稳定性变化的影响。研究结果表明蚓粪经过老化处理后真菌数量、微生物生物量碳和微生物活性都显著降低。不同有机物的施用对蚓粪微生物学性质的影响主要表现在施用牛粪的处理中蚓粪细菌数量高于施用秸秆的处理,真菌数量相反。新鲜蚓粪经过老化处理后总的水稳性团聚体含量（〉0．053mm）增加,主要表现在水稳性大型大团聚体（〉2mm）含量增加,且在施用牛粪的处理中达到显著,可能是与牛粪比秸秆能分解产生更多的粘结物质有关。蚓粪的风于处理也显著增加各个处理中总水稳性团聚体含量,且风干后蚓粪中水稳性团聚体主要以微团聚体（0．25～0．053mm）形式存在。施用秸秆的处理中,新鲜蚓粪0．25～0．053mm粒级的水稳性团聚体含量显著高于施用牛粪的处理。经风干后,施用秸秆的处理0．25～0．053mm的水稳性团聚体含量显著低于施用牛粪的处理,而水稳性大型大团聚体含量显著高于施用牛粪的处理。蚓粪的不同粒级水稳性团聚体含量和蚓粪的生物学性质之间存在良好的相关性。     

贵州疣螈的核型和C-带研究

贵州疣螈的核型和Ｃ－带研究ＡＳＴＵＤＹＯＮＫＡＲＹＯＴＹＰＥＳＡＮＤＣ－ＢＡＮＤＩＮＧＳＯＦＴｙｌｏｔｏｔｒｉｔｏｎｋｗｅｉｃｈｏｗｅｎｓｉｓ关键词贵州疣螈,核型,ＺＷ－染色体,Ｃ－带ＫｅｙｗｏｒｄｓＴｙｌｏｔｏｔｒｉｔｏｎｋｗｅｉｃｈｏｗｅｎｓｉｓ...     

竹笋脚料综合利用的研究

竹笋经加工成罐头后,有40％～45％脚料被丢弃。本文报道根据生物化学离子效应,对其脚料进行处理并生产酶制剂、食用蛋白、纸张、食用菌等多级产品,使原材料达到充分利用,减少环境污染,降低生产成本,提高经济效益。     

基因工程人α心钠素发酵研究

本研究采用的基因工程菌为酵母Y33：：YFD71－3,其基因型为α,his,1eu,ade,suc．摇瓶培养时心钠素的表达水平为l～2rag／L。在含有葡萄糖、YNB以及不同量腺嘌呤、组氨酸和亮氨酸的YG培养基中作摇瓶培养．当细胞的生长由腺嘌呤限制时,蛋白的分泌有明显增加·在YG培养基中加入5g／L的CAA后腺嘌呤成为限制性基质,培养基中腺嘌呤、YNB和亮氪酸用量对心钠素的表达有很大影响。在5L反应器中进行补料分批培养,流加葡萄糖、YNB、cAA、腺嘌呤、组氨酸和亮氨酸,心钠素的最高浓度达到24．8mg／L。     

野生花脸香蘑人工控制条件栽培技术初探

花脸香蘑是一种尚待开发的野生食药用菌。发酵料、室外荫棚熟料覆土和室内可控出菇试验房栽培对比试验结果表明,花脸香蘑可以在人工控制条件下进行周年栽培,培养条件为菌丝最适培养温度22～25℃,子实体原基形成温度18～22℃,子实体发育最适温度18～26℃;菌丝适宜生长的培养料含水量为60%～65%,空间相对湿度以60%为宜,子实体原基形成和发育的空间相对湿度90%～98%,要求通风良好,覆盖富含腐殖质且透气性、保湿性良好的土壤有利于花脸香蘑子实体原基形成和生长发育。     

国内生物基材料产业发展现状

近年来,生物基材料正逐步成为引领当代世界科技创新和经济发展的又一新的主导产业。文章综述了国内生物基材料产业的最新进展,对整个生物基材料产业市场进行了综合分析,包括生物基化学品如乳酸、1,3-丙二醇、丁二酸等,可生物降解生物基塑料如二元酸二元醇共聚酯、聚乳酸、二氧化碳共聚物、聚羟基烷酸酯、聚己内酯、热塑性生物质塑料,非生物降解生物基塑料如生物基聚酰胺、聚对苯二甲酸丙二醇酯、生物基聚氨酯,以及生物基纤维等材料的产业现状。     

侧耳属中的13个菌株稻草栽培比较试验

将引进的侧耳属中的13个菌株分别用稻草为主的代料培养基和棉籽壳为主的培养基,在室内、外栽培,进行生产性能的比较研究。对侧耳产量(kg菇/kg料)经数理统计分析得出菌株、环境、培养料各因素效应、各双因素的互作效应和三因素互作效应均极显著。并筛选出7880、佛罗里达、凤尾菇、浙农院5号、古风1129为室内稻草栽培优良菌株,产量(kg菇/kg料)分别为0.85、0.70、0.70、0.60、0.55;C-55-2、7880、糙皮侧耳7913、美味侧耳、糙皮侧耳718为室外稻草栽培优良菌株,产量(kg菇/kg料)     

加料均匀性评价方法的应用研究

本文探讨了应用近红外光谱法评价烟叶叶片加料均匀性,指导加料参数的调整和工艺参数优化设计,减小了同批次烟叶叶片料液施加比例的相对标准偏差,提高了加料工序的过程能力。     

影响有尾类离体胚胎表皮细胞兴奋性的实验

It has been reported that in Cynops orientalis the cells in the atypical epidermis resulted from isolation of the ectoderm from the early gastrula and cultured in vitro possesses very low excitability. The great majority of the explants didn't display action potential (AP) with electric stimulus up to 6 V duration 1 ms). If, however, the epidermis was taken from the flank region of a neurula with the underlying mesoderm, in such explant the epidermis cells became excitable at a lower threshold of stimulus. The mesoderm seemed to exert some influence upon the epidermis. In order to study whether tissues other than mesoderm possess similar effect on the excitability of epidermis cells, different combinations of explants were made with the experimental embryological technique and their excitability was examined electrophysiologically. In all experiments the explants were stimulated extracellularly and the action potential was recorded intracellularly. The specimens were stimulated with electric stimulus at 6 V at first, and, if they displayed AP the strength was lowered to determine the threshold of stimulus to evoke AP. The duration of stimulus was fixed at 1 ms. For the control of all series, the ectoderm or epidermis was isolated at the same stage and cultured for the same length of period as the experimental explants but without any treatment. 1). The effect of calf serum. In this group the effect of calf serum was examined and following series were carried out: a) Gastrula ectoderm cultured in Holtfreter solution containing 10% calf serum; b) calf serum + agar as implant: calf serum was mixed with agar (1:1) and cut into small pieces when cooled, and the serum + agar pieces were wrapped with ectoderm; c) heated serum + agar, heated serum was mixed 1:1 with agar and the small pieces were wrapped with ectoderm. In all the experiments the excitability of the epidermis cells was raised more or less but the agar pieces containing fresh serum seemed to be more effective, perhaps due to the higher concentration of the serum and the intimate contact with the epidermis cells (Tab. 1) In the series with serum + agar as implant and in the series with heated serum + agar as implant, it occurred frequently that during cultivation the implants will be extruded and after the extrusion of the implant the remaining epidermis became less sensitive to stimulation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)