连续观察兔油酸ARDS模型稳定性及血L-1、IL-8近期变化

目的:探讨油酸(OA)构建兔急性呼吸窘迫综合征(ARDS)模型3天内的稳定性及血浆炎症因子IL-1、IL-8含量变化的意义。方法:健康新西兰大耳白兔30只随机分为5组,每组6只,实验组(n=24)耳缘静脉注射油酸(0.1mL/kg)建立ARDS模型,对照组(n=6)注射等量生理盐水。分别检测对照组6h和实验组6h、24h、48h、72h(n=6)动脉血PH值、PaO2、PaO2/FiO2、PaCO2、肺湿/干重比值(W/D),ELISA法检测血浆细胞因子IL-1、IL-8含量,HE染色观察肺组织病理学改变。结果:和对照组比较,实验组血中细胞因子IL-1在6h、24h组升高;细胞因子IL-8在6h组、24h组、48h组升高。6h组、24h组、48h组氧合指数<200mmHg。结论:兔油酸ARDS模型48h内稳定,炎性细胞和IL-1、IL-8可能是导致ARDS的发生和发展主要原因之一。     

人IL17-RD胞外区真核表达及其单克隆抗体的制备

为了进一步研究白介素17受体D (IL-17RD) 在IL-17信号的调节作用,探索是否可以通过单克隆抗体阻断IL-17RD介导的IL-17信号通路而缓解自身免疫疾病,利用昆虫表达载体从Sf9细胞中表达纯化人IL-17RD-ECD蛋白,免疫Balb/C小鼠30 d,取小鼠脾脏细胞并与小鼠骨髓瘤细胞SP2/0进行融合,应用有限稀释法进行筛选,经过克隆化后筛选到一株能稳定分泌抗IL-17RD-ECD的杂交瘤细胞株1F8。经过初步鉴定,该细胞株分泌的抗体类型为IgG1+kappa类,经过Western blot     

氨溴索与肝素联合应用对急性肺损伤兔TNF-α和IL-1β的影响

目的：探讨联合应用氨溴索与小剂量肝素对急性肺损伤（ALI）时氧化应激,TNF-α和IL-1β变化的干预及其机制。方法：健康日本大耳白兔24只,随机分成3组（n=8）：①生理盐水对照组（NC）,②油酸损伤组（OA）,③氨溴索＋小剂量肝素治疗组（AH）。各组分别在给药前和给药后6 h采血及测定动脉血氧分压（PaO2）、肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）、白介素-1β（IL-1β）的含量,实验结束后肉眼观察肺病理改变,测定支气管肺泡灌洗液（BALF）以及肺组织匀浆中TNF-α、IL-1β、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、丙二醛（MDA）、黄嘌呤氧化酶（XO）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）的含量,检测肺组织原位凋亡细胞变化、肺组织湿干比（W/D）,光镜观察肺组织病理改变,电镜观察肺组织超微结构变化。结果：①光镜,电镜观察结果以及W/D提示氨溴索＋小剂量联合治疗减轻了ALI造成的肺组织形态学改变。②OA组中显著降低的PaO2均在AH组明显升高（P〈0.01）。③抗氧化指标GSH-Px和SOD活力检测,发现AH组比OA组有不同程度升高（P〈0.01或P〈0.05）,而氧化性指标XO活力和MDA含量则较OA组显著降低（P〈0.01）。④除给药前IL-1β外,在OA组中IL-1β、TNF-α含量均显著高于NC组（P均〈0.01）,但在AH组中有显著的降低（P〈0.01）。⑤AH组凋亡指数（AI）比OA组显著降低（P〈0.01）。结论：在OA致ALI时,TNF-α和IL-1β明显升高,参与了ALI的发生与发展。联合应用氨溴索与小剂量肝素可减轻氧化应激反应,抑制促炎细胞因子TNF-α和IL-1β释放,发挥对ALI的治疗作用。     

大黄素对HT-29 细胞MAPKs 信号通路活化及IL-8 分泌的影响

目的:研究大黄素对IFN-和LPS刺激的人结肠癌细胞株HT-29细胞的ERK、JNK和p38 MARK和IL-8表达的影响。方法:人结肠癌细胞株HT-29细胞与40 ng/mL的IFN-共培养12 h,再加入100 ng/mL LPS刺激15 min,用大黄素预处理进行干预。ELISA检测HT-29细胞内的ERK、JNK和p38 MARK含量和细胞上清IL-8含量。结果:IFN-γ和LPS刺激后HT-29细胞的ERK、JNK和p38 MARK磷酸化水平和IL-8分泌明显升高。大黄素对p38和JNK磷酸化有明显的抑制作用,而对ERK磷酸化则没有明显抑制作用;大黄素能显著降低IFN-γ+LPS所引起的HT-29细胞IL-8的大量产生,并且呈明显的剂量依赖关系。结论:大黄素能有效抑制IFN-γ+LPS所引起的HT-29细胞p38和JNK的磷酸化,并显著降低IL-8分泌。     

不同RF型类风湿性关节炎患者Th17相关细胞因子表达研究

目的:探讨类风湿因子阳性与阴性类风湿关节炎(rheumatoid arthritis,RA)患者外周血中辅助T细胞(Th17)及相关细胞因子白介素17(interleukin,IL-17),白介素6(interleukin,IL-6)表达的差异。方法:收集RA患者51例,根据RF测定分为RF+、RF-组,健康查体者(对照组)20例,采用流式细胞术检测受检者外周血单个核细胞(PBMC)的Th17细胞的百分率;以酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)检测受检者血浆中IL-17,IL-6的水平。结果:RA患者CD4+IL-17+T细胞,IL-17、IL-6水平均高于对照组,RF因子阳性与阴性RA患者之间CD4+IL-17+T细胞,IL-17、IL-6表达水平均存在差异有统计学意义。结论:在RA中不同RF型免疫反应和炎症表达的不同,可能与Th17及相关细胞因子表达差异有关。     

Human recombinant IL-10 reduces xenogenic cytotoxicity via macrophage M2 polarization

Xenotransplantation has been considered an alternative to the moderate shortage of donor organs for transplantation. To achieve successful xenotransplatation, there is the need to overcome immune rejection. Although, hyperacute rejection has been overcome by α1,3-galactosyltransferase knockout pig, cellular immune rejection remains as a subsequent barrier. Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is known as an anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory cytokine which has been shown to limit inflammatory responses by inhibiting macrophage activation in several animal experiments. To study the effect of human IL-10 (hIL-10) on pig-to-human xenotransplantation, porcine kidney epithelial cell line (PK(15)) expressing hIL-10 was established. The cytotoxicity of macrophages decreased by hIL-10 from transgenic cells. Furthermore, there is a decreased production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-23, and increased anti-inflammatory cytokines like IL-10, but not transforming growth factor beta, in the presence of hIL-10. Also, macrophage polarization toward M2-like phenotype were induced by hIL-10 from transgenic PK(15) cells. Finally, we suggest that the cytotoxicity of human macrophages was reduced by hIL-10 from transgenic cells, inducing M2-like macrophage polarization. Therefore, these results show that hIL-10 transgenic pig can be used as a model to overcome acute immune rejection in pig-to-human xenotransplantation.     

An emerging interplay between extracellular vesicles and cytokines

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small membrane-bound particles that are naturally released from cells. They are recognized as potent vehicles of intercellular communication both in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Because of their capacity to carry biological macromolecules such as proteins, lipids and nucleic acids, EVs influence different physiological and pathological functions of both parental and recipient cells. Although multiple pathways have been proposed for cytokine secretion beyond the classical ER/Golgi route, EVs have recently recognized as an alternative secretory mechanism. Interestingly, cytokines/chemokines exploit these vesicles to be released into the extracellular milieu, and also appear to modulate their release, trafficking and/or content. In this review, we provide an overview of the cytokines/chemokines that are known to be associated with EVs or their regulation with a focus on TNFα, IL-1β and IFNs.     

Loss of interleukin-10 exacerbates early Type-1 diabetes-induced bone loss

Type-1 diabetes (T1D) increases systemic inflammation, bone loss, and risk for bone fractures. Levels of the anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-10 (IL-10) are decreased in T1D, however their role in T1D-induced osteoporosis is unknown. To address this, diabetes was induced in male IL-10 knockout (KO) and wild-type (WT) mice. Analyses of femur and vertebral trabecular bone volume fraction identified bone loss in T1D-WT mice at 4 and 12 weeks, which in T1D-IL-10-KO mice was further reduced at 4 weeks but not 12 weeks. IL-10 deficiency also increased the negative effects of T1D on cortical bone. Osteoblast marker osterix was decreased, while osteoclast markers were unchanged, suggesting that IL-10 promotes anabolic processes. MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts cultured under high glucose conditions displayed a decrease in osterix which was prevented by addition of IL-10. Taken together, our results suggest that IL-10 is important for promoting osteoblast maturation and reducing bone loss during early stages of T1D.     

Umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stromal/stem cells expressing IL-24 induce apoptosis in gliomas

Although much progress has been made in the treatment of gliomas, the prognosis for patients with gliomas is still very poor. Stem cell-based therapies may be promising options for glioma treatment. Recently, many studies have reported that umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (UC-MSCs) are ideal gene vehicles for tumor gene therapy. Interleukin 24 (IL-24) is a pleiotropic immunoregulatory cytokine that has an apoptotic effect on many kinds of tumor cells and can inhibit the growth of tumors specifically without damaging normal cells. In this study, we investigated UC-MSCs as a vehicle for the targeted delivery of IL-24 to tumor sites. UC-MSCs were transduced with lentiviral vectors carrying green fluorescent protein (GFP) or IL-24 complementary DNA. The results indicated that UC-MSCs could selectively migrate to glioma cells in vitro and in vivo. Injection of IL-24-UC-MSCs significantly suppressed tumor growth of glioma xenografts. The restrictive efficacy of IL-24-UC-MSCs was associated with the inhibition of proliferation as well as the induction of apoptosis in tumor cells. These findings indicate that UC-MSC-based IL-24 gene therapy may be able to suppress the growth of glioma xenografts, thereby suggesting possible future therapeutic use in the treatment of gliomas.