Genetic analysis and gene mapping of a rice few-tillering mutant in early backcross populations (Oryza sativa L.)

A rice mutant, G069, characteristic of few tiller numbers, was found in anther culture progeny from the F1 hybrid between an indica-japonica cross, Gui630×02428. The mutant has another two major features: delayed tillering development and yellowing apex and margin on the mature leaves. As a donor parent, G069 was further backcrossed with the recurrent parent, 02428, for two turns to develop a BC2F2 population. Genetic analysis in the BC2F2 population showed that the traits of few-tillering and yellowing apex and margin on the mature leaves were controlled by one recessive gene. A pool of equally mixed genomic DNA, from few-tillering individual plants in BC2F2, was constructed to screen polymorphism with simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers in comparison with the 02428 genome. One SSR marker and three restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) markers were found possibly linked with the recessive gene. By using these markers, the gene of few-tillering was mapped on chromosome 2 between RFLP marker C     

采用蛋白组学技术分析质粒介导siRNA的“Off-target”效应

siRNA的"脱靶效应"(off-target effects)是RNA干扰应用研究领域的热点问题.采用蛋白组学技术对质粒介导的siRNA稳定沉默原癌基因c-myc可能存在的"off-target"效应进行初步研究,为siRNA靶向特异性的系统评价奠定理论与实验基础.构建靶向c-myc的siRNA真核表达质粒p-Mat01-1及其错配质粒p-Mis09-1,空质粒pEGFP-C1为对照,并稳定转染MCF-7人乳腺癌细胞.通过RT-PCR和Western印迹分析结果显示p-Mat01-1稳定转染克隆中c-myc/c-MYC的表达降低.采用2-DE及LC-ESI-MS/MS等方法,研究了p-Mat01-1与pEGFP-C1稳定转染克隆的蛋白组表达差异.结果显示,p-Mat01-1稳定转染克隆中有47个c-myc非调控蛋白点表达升高或降低,约占423个随机检测蛋白点的11.1%.这些蛋白涉及细胞骨架、代谢、增殖、信号传导、分子伴侣、氧化还原等多条途径.实验结果表明,质粒介导靶向c-myc的siRNA在MCF-7细胞中存在明显的"off-target"效应,提示在设计siRNA实验及应用研究时应系统考察其靶向特异性.     

Fabrication of Sub‐Micrometer‐Thick Solid Electrolyte Membranes of β‐Li3PS4 via Tiled Assembly of Nanoscale,Plate‐Like Building Blocks

Solid electrolytes represent a critical component in future batteries that provide higher energy and power densities than the current lithium‐ion batteries. The potential of using ultrathin films is among the best merits of solid electrolytes for considerably reducing the weight and volume of each battery unit, thereby significantly enhancing the energy density. However, it is challenging to fabricate ultrathin membranes of solid electrolytes using the conventional techniques. Here, a new strategy is reported for fabricating sub‐micrometer‐thick membranes of β‐Li₃PS₄ solid electrolytes via tiled assembly of shape‐controlled, nanoscale building blocks. This strategy relies on facile, low‐cost, solution‐based chemistry to create membranes with tunable thicknesses. The ultrathin membranes of β‐Li₃PS₄ show desirable ionic conductivity and necessary compatibility with metallic lithium anodes. The results of this study also highlight a viable strategy for creating ultrathin, dense solid electrolytes with high ionic conductivities for the next‐generation energy storage and conversion systems.     

大熊猫精子体外获能的研究

本文通过１６次大熊猫精子体外获能和精子穿透试验,建立起一套大熊猫精子体外获能的有效方法,特别是促获能物质的筛选,将为今后开展大熊猫胚胎移植提供可靠的参考资料。     

瓦楞纸板用淀粉粘合剂制造方法的探讨

介绍了瓦楞纸板用淀粉粘合剂的制备方法,包括过氧化氢、次氯酸钠和高锰酸钾等氧化剂的氧化法;并对淀粉粘合剂质量的影响因素进行了讨论。这将有助于淀粉粘合剂的生产和应用。     

药用异喹啉生物碱的研究：Ⅱ.白线薯生物碱

从白线薯(Stephania brachyandra Diels)的块根中分得四种生物碱,经UV,IR,~1H-NMR,~(13)C-NMR,MS等方法鉴定为:清风藤碱(Sino-acutine,Ⅰ),克斑宁(Crebanine,Ⅱ),荷包牡丹碱(Dicentrine,Ⅲ),千金藤碱(Stephanine,Ⅳ)。其中,清风藤碱和克斑宁系首次从该植物中获得,收率分别高达1.02％和1.39％。清风藤碱的碘甲烷衍生物有一定的松弛横纹肌作用。     

香栓菌多糖的研究

由香栓菌Trametes Suareclens(L.)Fr提取水溶性多糖,经甲醇分级与DEAE——纤维素柱层析,获香栓菌葡聚糖,平均分子量为50000。该葡聚糖经酶试验、高碘酸氧化、红外光谱、Smith降解、乙酰化产物质谱分析,证明为多枝结构。主链由β(1→3)-D-葡萄糖组成,侧链由β(1→6)键连接。     

甲硝哒唑对脆弱类杆菌作用机理的研究

采用同位素标记前体体外掺入技术和透射电镜观察方法从DNA. RNA及蛋白质水平上进行了甲硝哒唑对脆弱类杆菌作用机理研究。实验表明:甲硝哒唑几乎能完全抑制~3H-TdR掺入脆弱类杆菌,对~3H-亮氨酸的掺入也具明显的抑制作用,未观察到对RNA合成的影响。透射电镜下观察到,随着甲硝哒唑浓度增加,菌体形态发生明显的改变。     

NaCl(2 mol/L)处理PSⅡ颗粒的Ca~(2+)重结合

回加Ca~(2+)对 NaCl(2 mol/L)处理菠菜PSⅡ颗粒放氧活性的作用表现出有两种K_m值分别为 0.021和 0.545 mmol/L的高亲和与低亲和的Ca~(2+)重结合过程。高浓度NaCl和低 pH(3.0)处理去Ca的 PSⅡ颗粒的光抑制放氧活性半衰期(t_(1/2))明显减小。重结合Ca~(2+后,虽然大部办丧失的放氧活性可恢复,但PSⅡ颗粒放氧活性对光抑制的敏感性却并不随之恢复,t_(1/2)无明显改变。显然,重组Ca~(2+)的结合状态和作用与PSⅡ颗粒原有的结合Ca不完全相同。     

麻鸭肠道无芽胞厌氧菌定性、定量和定位研究

本研究采用气、液相色谱分析法(Gas-Liquid Chromatography,GLC)分析细菌代谢产物,结合微生物学鉴定和微量快速生化反应,在我国首次定量测定了麻鸭小肠、大肠每克内容物4种厌氧菌的菌数,初次确定在小肠有卵形类杆菌、发酵乳杆菌、两歧双歧杆菌、空肠弯曲杆菌4个种;在大肠有卵形类杆菌、多形类杆菌、解脲类杆菌、发酵乳杆菌、干酪乳杆菌、植物乳杆菌、短双歧杆菌、空肠弯曲杆菌和粪弯曲杆菌9个种。类杆菌和乳杆菌等是麻鸭肠道正常微生物群。