中国兰科二新记录种

报道了中国兰科2新记录种,大花大苞兰（Sunipia grandiflora (Rolfe) P.F. Hunt）及小花石豆兰(Bulbophyllum parviflorum C.S.P. Parish &; Rchb.f.)。     

3种玉兰的组织培养

1植物名称白玉兰(Magnolia denudata Desr.)、紫玉兰(M.liliflora Desr.)、二乔玉兰(M.oulangeana Soul.-Bod). 2材料类别茎尖和叶片. 3培养条件诱导叶片直接分化不定芽培养基:(1)MS 6-BA 1.0 mg·L-1(单位下同) IAA 0.1 GA3.0;(2)MS 6-BA 2.0 IAA 0.1 GA 3.0.茎尖分化不定芽培养基:(3)MS 6-BA 1.0 NAA 0.1 GA1.0.生根培养基:(4)1/2MS NAA 1.0.培养基中蔗糖浓度为3%,琼脂浓度为6.5%,pH 5.4.培养条件为:温度14～28℃,光照时间10 h·d-1,光照度为2000 lx.     

不同加工处理条件下香荚兰荚果中二种内源酶的活性变化

香荚兰(VanillaplanifoliaAndr.)成熟荚果经过不同的杀青与烘烤条件处理后,分析其内部的β-葡萄糖甙酶与过氧化物酶的活性的变化,结果表明:经不同的杀青温度与时间处理后,β-葡萄糖甙酶活性都比对照高,而过氧化物酶的活性较对照低;经过不同的烘烤时间与温度处理后,β-葡萄糖甙酶活性与过氧化物酶的活性都比未经任何处理的有显著性地增高。     

中国兰科二新记录种

报道了中国兰科2新记录种,大花大苞兰(Sunipia grandiflora (Rolfe) P.F.Hunt)及小花石豆兰(Bulbophyllum parviflorum C.S.P.Parish&Rchb.f.).     

古巴兰的茎段原球茎诱导与植株再生的研究

试验以古巴兰幼嫩芽体为外植体,通过原球茎诱导途径,建立快速高效的古巴兰再生体系。结果表明：最适宜的诱导茎段和叶片原球茎的培养基分别为MS＋5．0mg／L6-BA＋1．5mg／LNAA和MS＋2．0mg／L6-BA＋1．5mg／LNAA;诱导出的原球茎在MS＋1．5mg／L6～BA＋0．5mg／LNAA培养基上继代最好;在MS＋1．0mg／L6-BA＋0．5mg／LNAA的培养基上能分化出不定芽苗;再生的植株在MS＋6．0mg／L6-BA＋1．0mg／LNAA的培养基上能实现增殖和复壮;最适宜的生根培养基为1／2MS＋0．1mg／LNAA。     

宽口光唇鱼微卫星位点的筛选与特征分析

通过FIASCO法(Fast Isolation by AFLP Sequences Containing Repeats)筛选宽口光唇鱼Acrossocheilus monticola(Günter)基因组微卫星位点,利用生物素标记的寡核苷酸探针(AC)8、(CT)8、(GGT)8、(GATA)8和(GATT)7首次成功构建宽口光唇鱼基因组微卫星富集文库。从文库中共筛选495个克隆测序,成功设计163对微卫星引物,经PCR扩增检测,获得了18个多态性微卫星标记。利用这18对多态性引物,分析了赤水河赤水市宽口光唇鱼种群的遗传多样性,数据显示:18对多态性微卫星引物的等位基因数为8～31个,平均等位基因数为19.6个,平均期望杂合度为0.8701,平均观测杂合度为0.8312,其中引物Am07、Am35、Am47、Am69、Am78和Am127显著偏离哈迪温伯格平衡(P<0.05),以上数据表明赤水河赤水市宽口光唇鱼种群的遗传多样性水平较高。筛选的微卫星标记对于宽口光唇鱼的遗传背景分析和生物种质资源的保护有重要作用。     

厚唇裸重唇鱼胚胎发育的形态学观察

采用体视显微镜对厚唇裸重唇鱼的胚胎发育过程进行连续观察和描述。结果表明,受精卵呈卵圆形,卵径较大,吸水膨胀后为(4.41±0.13)mm。在水温为9℃条件下,授精后9h进入卵裂期,23h 30min进入囊胚期,33h进入原肠期,71h进入神经胚期,74h 30min进入器官分化期,210h开始破膜而出,初孵仔鱼全长9.35mm。破膜后16d仔鱼开始上浮。对厚唇裸重唇鱼的胚胎发育特点与其近缘种的差异进行了讨论。     

马乳酒样乳杆菌(Lactobacillus kefiranofaciens )合成开菲尔多糖培养基组成的优化

研究了发酵培养基组成对Lactobacillus kefiranofaciens的菌体生长以及合成开菲尔多糖(Kefiran)的影响。通过比较L. kefiranofaciens利用各种糖类和麦芽汁的发酵情况,发现麦芽汁最利于菌体生长及发酵产糖;各种氮源对L. kefiranofaciens发酵影响不同,其中以酵母粉最好,采用一品鲜酵母粉发酵的最佳浓度为10%;正交实验和RSA方法确定对发酵影响显著的三个无机盐是MnSO4.4H2O、MgSO4.7H2O和KH2PO4,最佳用量为0.2g/L,1g/L,4g/L,此时发酵获得开菲尔多糖产量为2.6±0.05g/L。L. kefiranofaciens发酵生产开菲尔多糖96h时可达到最佳发酵结果。     

Effects of Elevated Carbon Dioxide on the Growth and Foliar Chemistry of Transgenic Bt Cotton

A field study was carried out to quantify plant growth and the foliar chemistry of transgenic Bacillus thuringiensis （Bt） cotton （cv. GK-12） exposed to ambient CO2 and elevated （double-ambient） CO2 for different lengths of time （1, 2 and 3 months） in 2004 and 2005. The results indicated that CO2 levels significantly affected plant height, leaf area per plant and leaf chemistry of transgenic Bt cotton. Significantly, higher plant height and leaf area per plant were observed after cotton plants that were grown in elevated CO2 were compared with plants grown in ambient CO2 for 1, 2 and 3 months in the investigation. Simultaneously, significant interaction between CO2 level x investigating year was observed in leaf area per plant. Moreover, foliar total amino acids were increased by 14%, 13%, 11% and 12%, 14%, 10% in transgenic Bt cotton after exposed to elevated CO2 for 1, 2 or 3 months compared with ambient CO2 in 2004 and 2005, respectively. Condensed tannin occurrence increased by 17%, 11%, 9% in 2004 and 12%, 11%, 9% in 2005 in transgenic Bt cotton after being exposed to elevated CO2 for 1, 2 or 3 months compared with ambient CO2 for the same time. However, Bt toxin decreased by 3.0%, 2.9%, 3.1% and 2.4%, 2.5%, 2.9% in transgenic Bt cotton after exposed to elevated CO2 for 1, 2 or 3months compared with ambient CO2 for same time in 2004 and 2005, respectively. Furthermore, there was prominent interaction on the foliar total amino acids between the CO2 level and the time of cotton plant being exposed to elevated CO2. It is presumed that elevated CO2 can alter the plant growth and hence ultimately the phenotype allocation to foliar chemistical components of transgenic Bt cotton, which may in turn, affect the plant-herbivore interactions.     

花鱼骨 和唇鱼骨 的含肉率及肌肉营养成分分析

利用国内外通用的营养测试方法测定了花[鱼骨]（Hemibarbus maculates）和唇[鱼骨]（Hemibarbu labeo）的含肉率和肌肉营养成分。结果表明：花[鱼骨]和唇[鱼骨]含肉率分别是70.61%7、1.52%;花[鱼骨]肌肉（鲜样）中蛋白质（18.41%）和脂肪含量（2.46%）显著高于唇[鱼骨]的,而花[鱼骨]的灰分含量要显著低于唇[鱼骨];水分含量分别是78.35%、78.51%,两者无显著差异。花[鱼骨]和唇[鱼骨]肌肉中脂肪酸种类丰富,饱和脂肪酸（SFA）4种,不饱和脂肪酸（UFA）7种;其中单不饱和脂肪酸（MUFA）4种,多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）3种;其中DHA含量高达5.00%和14.32%。花和唇肌肉中的氨基酸总量分别是63.07%和67.63%,呈味氨基酸分别为25.96%和26.30%。缬氨酸、蛋氨酸和胱氨酸为限制性氨基酸。