大鲵胚胎耗氧率的初步研究

大鲵胚胎发育时的耗氧率是随着发育进程而以指数函数方式增长。在水温１８℃±０．２时，其耗氧率方程式为０＿２＝０．０９２５ｅ￣（０．０９８５ｔ），Ｒ＝０．９６４３。测定结果表明大鲵胚胎原肠期、外鳃循环期、神经板期、前肢芽期、鳃板晚期和孵化期依次为６个生理代谢水平较高的时期。大鲵胚胎耗氧率还与一定范围内的溶氧水平、孵化水温分别存在显著的正相关关系。     

孵化期间鹌鹑蛋各成分的水分变化及胚胎生长

孵化期间鹌鹑蛋中黄和蛋白的含水量变化呈互补性，即蛋黄含水多时，蛋白含水量少，蛋黄含水少时，蛋白含水量多，但人孵前蛋黄含水同出壳时剩余蛋黄含水量无显著差异，孵化期间胚胎含水是逐渐减少的，第９日龄前胚胎生长缓慢，第９日龄后胚胎呈直线生长，湿重的生长模型为Ｙ＝０．０００４Ｘ＾３．５９（ｒ＝０．９９，Ｐ〈０．０１），干重的生长模型为Ｙ＝０．００００２Ｘ＾４．１０８４（ｒ＝０．９９，Ｐ〈０．０１）。     

广东滩涂经济鱼类寄生吸虫Ⅵ.独睾科二新种记述(复殖目)

本文对广东滩涂经济鱼类寄生复殖吸虫独睾科ＭｏｎｏｒｃｈｉｉｄａｅＯｄｈｎｅｒ,１９１１中的两新种分别进行详细的描述,其中细长椭囊吸虫Ｅｌｌｉｐｔｏｂｕｒｓａａｔｔｅｎｕａｔｕｓｓｐ．ｎｏｖ作为拟原穴亚科ＰｓｅｕｄｏｐｒｏｃｔｏｔｒｅｍａｔｉｎａｅＥｌｌｉｐｔｏｂｕｒｓａ属的新种,巨穴孤睾吸虫Ｌａｓｉｏｔｏｃｕｓｍａｒｏｔｒｅｍａｓｐ．ｎｏｖ作为孤睾亚科ＬａｓｉｏｔｏｃｉｎａｅＬａｓｉｏｔｏｃｕｓ属     

小鼠早期胚胎在6℃不同贮液中的保存研究

低温能抑制哺乳动物植入前胚胎的代谢和发育，从而可使胚胎在体外进行短期贮存。本文利用三种不同贮存液：Ｗｈｉｔｔｅｎ′ｓ、ＰＢＳ和ＣＭＲＬ－１０６６对小鼠２－和８－细胞胚胎进行贮存研究。结果表明，贮于上述三种贮液中的小鼠２－细胞胚胎，在６℃贮２４小时后，经３７℃培养，成活率分别为４２．８％、０％和０％；贮７２小时后的８－细胞胚胎的成活率分别为４３．３％、２０．０％和０％。还证实，培养液中丙酮酸钠和乳酸钠的存在对小鼠胚胎的体外发育是至关重要的。     

中华绒螯蟹卵巢和胚胎发育期脂类在卵黄物质中存在的形态及其变化

脂类在中华绒螯蟹成熟卵子中以两种形态存在,脂肪滴和卵黄体,前者为中性脂,卵黄体中的脂类主要是磷脂。Ｌ和Ｙ几乎充满足整个成熟卵子,且交互分布,开始它们间以许多致密小颗粒间,直到两者的分布无界限分割。     

粘皮鲻虎鱼胚胎及仔鱼的发育

粘皮鲻鰕虎鱼(Mugilogobius myxodermus)的卵产出时为球型,直径0.40~0.60mm,具黏性,卵颜色淡黄,半透明,油球多且数量不固定。受精5~10min后吸水膨胀成椭圆形。水温16~18℃的条件下,胚胎发育共需138h。初孵仔鱼体长2.30~3.10mm,体高0.35~0.40mm,总肌节29~30。出膜30min~24h内鳔充气,从孵出到各鳍分化完全约需要40d。     

野牛草幼穗愈伤组织的诱导及植株再生

以野牛草[Buchloe dactyloides(Nutt．)Engelm．]幼穗为外植体,建立了愈伤组织诱导、继代培养和植株再生体系。结果表明,雌穗比雄穗难以脱分化形成愈伤组织;小于8mm雄幼穗在2mg／L2,4-D培养基上的愈伤组织诱导率为80．0％～86．8％;添加10mg／L AgNO3对愈伤组织诱导率影响不明显,但可改善愈伤组织质量。2mg／L 2,4-D结合0．1mg／L 6-BA的培养基有利于愈伤组织的继代培养;继代超过3次、继代间隔超过3周,愈伤组织分化能力明显下降。雄穗愈伤组织在含1．0mg／L 6-BA培养基上,弱光条件下分化出芽的频率较高,达31．8％～35．0％;附加3％麦芽糖既可减轻褐化程度,又利于丛生芽的分化。分化苗在1/2MS 0．3mg／L IBA培养基上的生根率为62．5％。     

Identification of a novel population of human cord blood cells with hema-topoietic and chondrocytic potential

With the exception of mature erythrocytes, cells within the human hematopoietic system are characterized by the cell surface expression of the pan-leukocyte receptor CD45. Here, we identify a novel subset among mononuclear cord blood cells depleted of lineage commitment markers (Lin-) that are devoid of CD45 expression. Surprisingly, functional examination of Lin-CD45- ceils also lacking cell surface CD34 revealed they were capable of multipotential hematopoietic progenitor capacity. Co-culture with mouse embryonic limb bud cells demonstrated that Lin^-CD45^-CD34^- cells were capable of contributing to cartilage nodules and differentiating into human chondrocytes. BMP-4, a mesodermal factor known to promote chondrogenesis, significantly augmented Lin^-CD45^-CD34^-differentiation into chondrocytes. Moreover, unlike CD34~ human hematopoietic stem cells, Lin^-CD45^-CD34^- cells were unable to proliferate or survive in liquid cultures, whereas single Lin^-CD45^-CD34^- cells were able to chimerize the inner cell mass (1CM) of murine blastocysts and proliferate in this embryonic environment. Our study identifies a novel population of Lin-CD45-CD34^- cells capable of commitment into both hematopoietic and chondrocytic lineages, suggesting that human cord blood may provide a more ubiquitous source of tissue with broader developmental potential than previously appreciated.     

低氧对胚胎干细胞增殖的影响

目的:观察间歇性低氧和持续性低氧对体外培养的胚胎干细胞(ES细胞)增殖的影响.方法:利用细胞记数法和BrdU (5-溴脱氧尿苷)掺入的流式细胞分析检测细胞增殖,并用RT -PCR的方法检测低氧诱导因子(HIF-1a)的表达变化.结果:①将ES细胞分别放在低氧(3%～10% O2)和常氧(20% O2)的环境中培养24 h后,在低氧环境中培养的ES细胞数较常氧组明显减少;②将ES细胞分别给予间歇性低氧刺激(3%～10% O2),每天10 min,连续4 d后,发现3%低氧组较常氧对照组的细胞增殖明显升高.③用RT-PCR方法观察HIF-1a的表达与细胞增殖的关系,发现在常氧环境中培养的ES即有HIF-1a的表达,ES细胞在持续低氧24 h或间歇性低氧(3%～10% O2)刺激4 d后对HIF-1a的表达均无明显影响.结论:间歇性低氧(3% O2)可明显促进体外培养的ES细胞增殖,而持续性低氧抑制ES细胞增殖,间歇性低氧(3% O2)刺激促进ES细胞增殖的机制尚有待于进一步的研究.     

A new trick to tune down TGFβ signal

Signal transduction in early embryogenesis needs to be properly controlled. A new player involved in tuning down TGF β signaling has now been identified - new evidence that multi-layer control of signaling is essential in vivo.