葎草挥发性物质化感作用及其化感物质的分析研究

以小麦、生菜、萝卜、黄瓜4种作物为受体,检测了葎草[Humulus scandens（Lour.）Merr]挥发性物质的化感潜势,并采用气相色谱-质谱联用仪对其化感物质进行了初步鉴定.结果表明：新鲜葎草茎叶在密闭系统中释放的挥发性物质对4种受试植物幼苗的生长有极显著的抑制作用（P＜0.01）;用石油醚提取风干葎草茎叶,得到的挥发性物质在密闭系统中对4种受试植物幼苗的生长也具有极显著的抑制作用（P＜0.01）;提取物在2、5、10、20、40、100、200mg/mL等7个不同浓度下,对受试植物生长和种子萌发表现为＂低促高抑＂的化感潜势,且随提取液浓度增大抑制作用增强;GC-MS鉴定出26种有机化合物,主要包括脂肪酸、甾体、萜类及其含氧化合物,均属前人研究较多的生物活性物质.这些结论为利用野生葎草资源挥发物开发新型除草剂等提供依据.     

大肠杆菌苹果酸合酶A的酶学和生理功能研究

苹果酸合酶是乙醛酸循环的关键酶之一。E.coli中苹果酸合酶A(malate synthase A,MSA)由aceB基因编码。根据E.coli基因组序列设计引物,利用PCR技术扩增aceB基因,并将其克隆入pET-29b(+),构建了重组表达质粒pET-MSA。经IPTG诱导,MSA在E.coliRosetta(DE3)中获得高效表达。纯化的MSA蛋白的分子量大小约为60 kDa,最适反应pH值和最适温度分别是pH值8.0、30℃。纯化的蛋白质在Mg2+存在时才能发挥最大的活性,其对乙酰辅酶A的Km和Vmax分别是8.07μM和3.6μM/min。此外构建了MSA和苹果酸合酶G(MSG)基因敲除菌株MG::ΔaceB和MG::ΔaceBΔglcB。研究发现缺少MSA的E.coli突变菌株在乙酸中的生长速率要比野生型菌株慢很多,表明MSA对大肠杆菌在乙酸中的生长起着重要作用。MSG虽然能部分补偿MSA的作用,但是包含MSA的乙醛酸旁路是更有效的乙醛酸代谢途径。     

甘氨酸神经递质研究进展

甘氨酸是化学结构最简单的氨基酸,但具有复杂的功能。甘氨酸在中枢神经系统中是介导快速抑制性神经传递的一种重要的神经递质,在控制神经元兴奋性方面发挥重要作用。就其神经递质功能对甘氨酸的生物合成、释放与调控以及作用模式等方面的近年研究进展做一综述,对甘氨酸神经递质的全面认识将有益于炎性痛、痉挛状态以及癫痫等中枢神经系统疾病的诊断、预防及治疗。     

五种丛枝菌根真菌对枳实生苗耐锌污染的影响

通过盆栽实验研究丛枝菌根(AM)真菌Glomus versiforme(G.v)、G.mosseae(G.m)、G.intraradices(G.i)、G.aggregatum(G.a)和G.etunicatum(G.e)在锌污染条件下枳实生苗的菌根侵染、生长、叶片和根系锌、磷含量及部分生理指标的影响.结果表明:锌污染...     

Breeding strategy of Acrossocheilus fasciatus in the Puxi Stream of the Huangshan Mountain

Breeding strategies of Acrossocheilus fasciatus were studied from 592 specimens collected monthly during May 2007 and April 2008 in the Puxi Stream of the Huangshan Mountain.Sex ratio of the studied population was 0.90∶1(♀∶♂),not significantly different from 1∶1.Both sexes reached their first sexual maturity at age 2(the second calendar year of their birth).Fifty percent of females and males reached maturity at a total length of 69.75 mm and 69.36 mm respectively,and the minimum total length was 61.54 mm an...     

Electrochemical DNA biosensor based on silver nanoparticles/poly(3-(3-pyridyl) acrylic acid)/carbon nanotubes modified electrode

In this work, we present an electrochemical DNA sensor based on silver nanoparticles/poly(trans-3-(3-pyridyl) acrylic acid) (PPAA)/multiwalled carbon nanotubes with carboxyl groups (MWCNTs-COOH) modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE). The polymer film was electropolymerized onto MWCNTs-COOH modified electrode by cyclic voltammetry (CV), and then silver nanoparticles were electrodeposited on the surface of PPAA/MWCNTs-COOH composite film. Thiol group end single-stranded DNA (HS-ssDNA) probe was easily covalently linked onto the surface of silver nanoparticles through a 5′ thiol linker. The DNA hybridization events were monitored based on the signal of the intercalated adriamycin by differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). Based on the response of adriamycin, only the complementary oligonucleotides gave an obvious current signal compared with the three-base mismatched and noncomplementary oligonucleotides. Under the optimal conditions, the increase of reduction peak current of adriamycin was linear with the logarithm of the concentration of the complementary oligonucleotides from 9.0 × 10⁻¹² to 9.0 × 10⁻⁹ M with a detection limit of 3.2 × 10⁻¹² M. In addition, this DNA sensor exhibited an excellent reproducibility and stability during DNA hybridization assay.     

芜湖发电厂灰渣场植被状况

经实地考察发现,芜湖火力发电厂灰渣场自然定居的高等植物有30种,隶属于14个科29个属,主要包括菊科,禾本科和豆科,全部植物中,1,2年生草本植物18种,多年生草本植物9种,木本植物2种,影响植物分布的主要因素是灰渣的理化性质和灰渣场的自然改造程度。     

Direct determination by high-performance liquid chromatography of sn-2 monopalmitin after enzymatic lipase hydrolysis

An alternative method to determine the sn-2 monopalmitin in infant formulas was developed and validated. This method offers many advantages over the traditional methods. It follows the official method in the first steps, purification of the fat or oil through an alumina column, and subsequently the triglycerides are incubated with pancreatic lipase in order to obtain the sn-2 monoglycerides. In traditional methods the sn-2 monoglycerides are separated by preparative thin-layer chromatography and then, the 2-monoglycerides are converted into the corresponding fatty acid methyl esters and analysed by gas chromatography. In our method, separation, quantification and identification of the sn-2 monoglycerides were achieved by high-performance liquid chromatography with evaporative light-scattering detection. The detection limit (0.19 μg), quantification limit (0.38 μg), linearity range (r=0.999, range 1–200 μg) and precision (SD=1.10) show the suitability of the proposed method. This method is faster, cheaper and simple and does not consume large quantities of reagents and materials.     

铜对鹅观草两个种群生理、发育指标的影响研究

铜尾矿上的鹅观草形态矮小,茎秆柔弱,叶色淡.而生于正常土壤上的鹅观草则茎秆粗状,叶色深.Cu胁迫可引起鹅观草叶绿素含量的降低.一定浓度范围内的Cu对鹅观草的种子萌发起促进作用,尾矿浸提液不降低种子的萌发率,但延迟种子的萌发.根生长实验表明,0.125mg     

Distribution of endocrine cells in the digestive tract of Alligator sinensis during the active and hibernating period

The digestive tract is the largest endocrine organ in the body; the distribution pattern of endocrine cells varies with different pathological and physiological states. The aim of the present study was to investigate the distributed density of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), gastrin (GAS), somatostatin (SS) and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) immunoreactive (IR) cells in the digestive tract of Alligator sinensis during the active and hibernating period by immunohistochemical (IHC) method. The results indicated that 5-HT-IR cells were distributed throughout the entire digestive tract, which were most predominant in duodenum and jejunum. The density increased significantly in stomach and duodenum during hibernation. GAS-IR cells were limited in small stomach and small intestine. The density decreased significantly in small stomach during hibernation, while increased in duodenum. What's more, most of the endocrine cells in duodenum were generally spindle shaped with long cytoplasmic processes ending in the lumen during hibernation. SS-IR cells were limited in stomach and small stomach. The density increased in stomach while decreased in small stomach during hibernation, meanwhile, fewer IR cells occurred in small intestine. VIP-IR cells occurred in stomach and small stomach. The density decreased in small stomach, while increased in stomach during hibernation. These results indicated that the endocrine cells in different parts of digestive tract varied differently during hibernation, their changes were adaptive response to the hibernation.