蛤蚧前背侧室嵴(ADVR)的分区及细胞形态学研究

采用解剖学方法和绀织学方法仔细观察,分析蛤蚧（Gekko gecko）前背侧室嵴（ADVR）的形态学分区,发现以ADVR表面的浅沟为标记,参照细胞着色深浅,细胞密度分布特征以及细胞形态大小,可将ADVR分为内侧区（ma）、嘴外侧区（rla）和尾外侧区（cla）等3个部分,为ADVR的结构功能的深入研究提供了形态学依据。     

色变银环蛇与正常银环蛇的形态学及毒性比较研究

目的研究色变银环蛇与正常银环蛇的形态学差异。方法比较蛇外形、鳞片、毒腺、排毒量、毒性等情况。结果色变银环蛇与正常银环蛇的鳞片数目无异,但其毒腺大小、排毒量、毒性均有明显差异。结论可能由于蛇的生存环境发生了改变,故而出现了银环蛇的形态改变。     

Pollen Morphology of Parnassia L. （Parnassiaceae） and Its Systematic Implications

The pollen morphology of 28 species of Parnassia L. was investigated with light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The shape of pollen grains in this genus varies from subspheroidal to prolate in equatorial view and is three-lobed circular in the polar view. Pollen grains are usually radially symmetrical, isopolar, tricolporate or syntricolporate, with reticulate sculpture. The pollen characteristics among species are fairly similar to each other. Morphological information regarding the pollen grains shows that Parnassia is a natural genus. Based on exine ornamentation observed under SEM, three types of pollen grains were recognized: (i) type I, with foveolate-reticulate sculpture; (ii) type II, with a finely reticulate sculpture; and (iii) type III, with a coarsely reticulate sculpture. Most sections of this genus have one type of sculpture of pollen morphology, but Sect. Nectarotrilobos has three types of sculpture and Sect.Saxifragastrum has two types of sculpture. All three types of sculpture can be found in Southwest China,with species with the longest (Parnassia delavayi Franch.) and shortest (Parnassiafaberi Oliv.) colpi,implying that Southwest China is the center of diversification of the genus.     

Quantitative Trait Loci Mapping of Leaf Morphological Traits and Chlorophyll Content in Cultivated Tetraploid Cotton

Genetic mapping provides a powerful tool for quantitative trait loci （QTL） analysis at the molecular level. A simple sequence repeat （SSR） genetic map containing 590 markers and a BCI population from two cultivated tetraploid cotton （Gossypium hirsutum L.） cultivars, namely TM-1 and Hai 7124 （G. barbadense L.）, were used to map and analyze QTL using the composite interval mapping （CIM） method. Thirty one QTLs, 10 for lobe length, 13 for lobe width, six for lobe angle, and two for leaf chlorophyll content, were detected on 15 chromosomes or linkage groups at logarithm of odds （LOD）≥2.0, of which 15 were found for leaf morphology at LOD≥3.0. The genetic effects of the QTL were estimated. These results are fundamental for marker-assisted selection （MAS） of these traits in tetraploid cotton breeding.     

Ectopic Expression of the Pttknl Gene Induces Alterations in the Morphology of the Leaves and Flowers in Petunia hybrida Vilm.

A novel knottedl-like homeobox （knox） gene, Pttknl （Populus tremulaxtremuloides knottedl）, isolated from the cambial region of hybrid aspen, was introduced into Petunia hybrida Vilm. using the leafdisc method mediated by Agrobacterium. A series of novel phenotypes was observed in transgenic petunia plants, including the formation of ectopic spikes on the adaxial surface of corollas and small petals on the abaxial surface of corollas, fusion of floral organs, shortening of corolla midribs, the formation of tumor-like knots along the midrib on the abaxial surface and serrated lobs of corolla margins, and alterations in petal color; except for changes in the leaves and plant architecture, RT-PCR showed that the Pttknl gene was expressed in the leaves of different petunia transgenic plants, whereas no signal was detected in wild-type plants. The possible function of Pttknl in leaf and flower development is discussed.     

Pollen Morphology of Eight Genera of the Subtribe Mutisiinae Less. sensu Bremer （Compositae） from Asia

The pollen morphology of 28 species and one variety representing eight genera of the subtribe Mutisiinae Less. sensu Bremer （Compositae） was investigated by scanning electron microscopy （SEM） and light microscopy. The pollen grains are usually radically symmetrical, isopolar, and tricolporate. The shape varies from spheroidal to subprolate in equatorial view and is three-lobed circular in polar view. Based on exine sculpturing observed under SEM, the pollen grains can be divided into three types： （i） type Ⅰ, with macrogranulate sculpture; （ii） type Ⅱ, with a finely granulate sculpture; and （iii） type Ⅲ with spiny sculpture. The palynological data showed that the Macroclinidium Maxim. was remarkably distinguished from those of the other seven genera. The variation of pollen characteristics within the Mutisiinae in Asia is little at species level, but it proves some useful information for studying the relationships among genera and it has an important significance in further understanding the evolutionary history of Mutisiinae.     

动物病毒诱导的细胞凋亡及其生理意义

细胞凋亡是指细胞受到内外信号刺激时发生的一种由细胞内部基因控制的主动性死亡行为,是细胞内在的机制,也是决定生物个体发育和组织平衡的一个重要机制,对于抵御外界各种因素干扰起着非常关键的作用。它呈现一系列典型的生化和形态学特征,如染色质凝集、趋边化以及凋亡小体(ap     

我国沿海线形亚属海链藻的形态学研究

壳面孔纹的形态学特征是海链藻的重要分类学依据之一。线形亚属的海链藻种类大多是从圆筛藻属修订而来, 它们之间的区别特征细微, 需电镜下观察才能准确鉴定。我国关于线形亚属海链藻的报道较少。研究利用电镜(EM)技术, 对采自我国沿海海域的自然水样, 以及分离获得的单克隆培养藻株进行了形态学观察, 针对其中的海链藻属Thalassiosira Cleve种类开展了形态分类学的专题研究。报道了6个隶属于线形亚属的海链藻种类, 分别是紧密海链藻T. densannula Hasle &; Fryxell、微小海链藻T. exigua Fryxell &; Hasle、线形海链藻T. lineata Jousé、微线形海链藻T. nanolineata (Mann) Fryxell &; Hasle、结线形海链藻T. nodulolineata (Hendey) Hasle &; Fryxell和柔弱海链藻T. tenera Proschkina-Lavrenko, 其中有4个为我国新记录种类: 紧密海链藻、线形海链藻、微线形海链藻和结线形海链藻。对每个种类的形态学特征、生活习性和生态分布进行了描述, 提供了电镜照片。对相似种类的形态学特征进行了比较研究, 分析了孔纹特征的变化类型及其分类学意义。     

厚唇裸重唇鱼胚胎发育的形态学观察

采用体视显微镜对厚唇裸重唇鱼的胚胎发育过程进行连续观察和描述。结果表明,受精卵呈卵圆形,卵径较大,吸水膨胀后为(4.41±0.13)mm。在水温为9℃条件下,授精后9h进入卵裂期,23h 30min进入囊胚期,33h进入原肠期,71h进入神经胚期,74h 30min进入器官分化期,210h开始破膜而出,初孵仔鱼全长9.35mm。破膜后16d仔鱼开始上浮。对厚唇裸重唇鱼的胚胎发育特点与其近缘种的差异进行了讨论。     

《人体图谱:解剖学·组织学·病理学》书讯

由中国解剖学会理事长、国际解剖学工作者联盟(IFAA)国际会议主席、国际形态学大会(ICSMS)和亚太地区解剖学会(APICA)执行委员、全军解剖与组织胚胎学专业委员会主任委员、《神经解剖学杂志》主编、第四军医大学人体解剖与组织胚胎学教研室主任李云庆教授担任主译的《人体图谱:解剖学·组织学·病理