高压快速柱分离纯化牛血球超氧化物歧化酶的研究

以牛血球为材料,经溶血等处理和丙酮沉淀,获得牛血球超氧化物歧化酶粗品。此粗酶可以通过ＤＥＡＥ－Ｓｅｐｈａｒｏｓｅ和ＣＭ－Ｓｅｐｈａｒｏｓｅ快速柱层析,获得超氧化物歧化酶纯品。纯化的酶比活可达１３５００ｕ／ｍｇ,经ＰＡＧＥ、ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ和快速蛋白液相色谱（ＦＰＬＣ）检测,结果表明,纯化酶是均一的Ｓｅｐｈａｄｅｘ Ｇ－１００凝胶过滤测得该酶分子量为３１,８００,ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ测得亚基分子量为１５     

浒苔多糖的降血脂及其对SOD活力和LPO含量的影响

浒苔多糖剂量１５０ｍｇ／ｋｇ可使高胆固醇血症小鼠血清胆固醇下降２２％,剂量１６８ｍｇ／ｋｇ可使高脂血症大鼠ＴＣＨ和ＴＧ分别降低５８％和６１％,ＨＤＬ升高２７％,剂量２５０ｍｇ／ｋｇ可分别提高血清、脑和肝ＳＯＤ活力３３％、１１８％和２２４％,剂量１６８ｍｇ／ｋｇ对高血脂大鼠血清和心脏ＬＰＯ含量降低３５％和４６％。     

TNT在大鼠晶状体内的代谢及其对晶状体中抗氧化相关酶活性的影响

大鼠皮下注射ＴＮＴ,以ＨＰＬＣ分析其在晶状体内的代谢过程,并检测晶状体谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶、谷胱甘肽还原酶及超氧化物歧化酶的活性变化。发现在注射ＴＮＴ后２ｈ即可在晶状体内检测到为量极少的ＴＮＴ及其代谢产物,第１２ｈ一氨基二硝基甲苯含量达最高峰。鼠龄较小的大鼠晶状体内ＴＮＴ及其代谢产物高于鼠龄较大的大鼠．多剂量注射ＴＮＴ时大鼠晶状体内一氨基二硝基甲苯于第２天达到高峰,ＴＮＴ于第５天达饱和状态,第１８天一氨基二硝基甲苯含量与ＴＮＴ含量相近。谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶、谷胱甘肽还原酶及超氧化物歧化酶活性在注射ＴＮＴ的第２天均有不同程度的升高,在第５天和第１８天维持在低活性状态。实验表明ＴＮＴ在晶状体内是通过硝基还原而代谢的．ＴＮＴ进入晶状体后初期可诱发晶状体抗氧化相关酶活性的增高,后期则导致晶状体抗氧化相关酶活性的降低。     

On the use of the quenching of luminol luminescence to evaluate sod activity

Addition of horseradish peroxidase to a luminol solution (pH = 9.4) produces a burst of light followed by a steady luminescence that lasts for several minutes. This steady-state luminescence is readily quenched by SOD, with a concentration (the additive concentration needed to decrease by one-half the emitted luminescence intensity) of c.a. 4 ng/ml (14 mU/ml). The luminescence intensity decrease can then be employed to evaluate SOD activity in SOD-containing samples. However, the light intensity can also be quenched by additives, such as Trolox, that are able to trap luminol-derived intermediates. It is proposed that double quenching experiments must be performed in order to be able to relate the observed effect of an additive to its SOD-like activity.     

用电子自旋共振（ESR）研究肾缺血移植和再灌注过程产生的自由基

在低温（－１００℃）用ＥＳＲ检测和分析了大鼠肾缺血,移植和再灌注过程中出现的ＥＳＲ信号,发现在体（ｉｎｖｉｖｏ）肾缺血１小时再灌注２分钟肾组织除了出现ｇ＝２．００４０的醌类自由基以及ｇ＝１．９３７０和ｇ＝１．９７３０处与过渡金属离子有关的信号外,在低场区又出现一个很明显的信号（ｇ＝２．０８１２）,该信号的位置同及ＬＯＯ．的ｇ     

清栓酶对过氧化脂质含量影响的研究

将５４例冠心病、高血压病、糖尿病及脑梗塞病人,随机分为对照组与清栓酶组。对照组２６例,常规药物治疗,清栓酶组２８例,在常规药物治疗基础上加用蝮蛇清栓酶０．５ｕ,稀释静脉点滴,一日一次,１４天为一疗程。观察到蝮蛇清栓酶能明显升高超氧化物岐化酶活性（Ｐ＜０．０１）,明显降低过氧化脂质的终末代谢产物丙二醛含量（Ｐ＜０．０１）,说明蝮蛇清栓酶能有效减轻自由基损伤。     

The protective effect of arbutin against potassium bromate-induced oxidative damage in the rat brain

This study aimed to investigate the protective effects of arbutin (ARB) against brain injury induced in rats with potassium bromate (KBrO₃). The rats were divided into four groups as Group 1: Control (0.9% NaCl ml/kg/day p.), Group 2: KBrO₃ (100 mg/kg (gavage), Group 3: ARB (50 mg/kg/day p.), and Group 4: KBrO₃ + ARB (100 mg/kg (gavage) + 50 mg/kg/day p.). At the end of the fifth day of the study, the rats in all groups were killed, and their brain tissues were collected. In the collected brain tissues, malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) levels were measured, and routine histopathological examinations were made. The MDA levels in the group that was exposed to KBrO₃ were significantly higher than those in the control group (p ˂ 0.001). In comparison to the KBrO₃ group, the MDA levels in the KBrO₃ + ARB group were significantly lower (p ˂ 0.001). It was observed that SOD and CAT enzyme activity levels were significantly lower in the KBrO₃ group compared to the control group (p ˂ 0.001), while these levels were significantly higher in the KBrO₃ + ARB group than in the KBrO₃ group (p ˂ 0.001). Additionally, the group that was subjected to KBrO₃ toxicity, as well as ARB administration, had much lower levels of histopathologic signs than the group that was subjected to KBrO₃ toxicity only. Consequently, it was found that KBrO₃ exposure led to injury in the brain tissues of the rats, and using ARB was effective in preventing this injury.     

Zinc-mediated interaction of copper chaperones through their heavy-metal associated domains

BackgroundA copper chaperone CCS is a multi-domain protein that supplies a copper ion to Cu/Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD1). Among the domains of CCS, the N-terminal domain (CCS^dI) belongs to a heavy metal-associated (HMA) domain, in which a Cys-x-x-Cys (CxxC) motif binds a heavy metal ion. It has hence been expected that the HMA domain in CCS has a role in the metal trafficking; however, the CxxC motif in the domain is dispensable for supplying a copper ion to SOD1, leaving an open question on roles of CCS^dI in CCS.MethodsTo evaluate protein-protein interactions of CCS through CCS^dI, yeast two-hybrid assay, a pull-down assay using recombinant proteins, and the analysis with fluorescence resonance energy transfer were performed.ResultsWe found that CCS specifically interacted with another copper chaperone HAH1, a HMA domain protein, through CCS^dI. The interaction between CCS^dI and HAH1 was not involved in the copper supply from CCS to SOD1 but was mediated by a zinc ion ligated with Cys residues of the CxxC motifs in CCS^dI and HAH1.ConclusionWhile physiological significance of the interaction between copper chaperones awaits further investigation, we propose that CCS^dI would have a role in the metal-mediated interaction with other proteins including heterologous copper chaperones.     

木波罗种子脱水敏感性与膜脂过氧化的研究

刚采收的木波罗种子含水量为５８．６％。随着含水量下降,种子的发芽率和发芽指数迅速下降,种子对脱水非常敏感,是典型的顽拗性种。自然脱水时,种子胚轴和子叶中超氧物歧化酶的活性先上升,然后下降,丙二醛和脂质氢过氧化物的含量显著增加。其脱水敏感性的原因可能是当种子脱水时,植物酶ＳＯＤ的活性下降,膜脂过氧化作用加强,从而使膜的结构和功能受到破坏,种子生活力丧失。     

蜂花粉抗脑衰老的实验动物研究

蜂花粉抗脑衰老的实验动物研究蒋滢,杨炳华,黄美英苏州医学院生化教研室苏州２１５００７２探索衰老机制,寻求延缓衰老的有效途径是生命科学中的重大问题,也是亟待解决的实际问题。脑是指挥全身一切活动的中枢,脑组织特别容易遭受自由基及活性氧的损伤,因此防治脑衰...