Chronobiologic Factors in Experimental Stress Ulcer

The available literature on chronobiologic factors in experimental stress ulcer is extremely small and thematically limited. It focuses almost exclusively on circadian rhythms and, within that, on rhythms related to light-dark cycles, activity and body temperature. Among these, only differences in ulcer induction related to circadian activity patterns have been adequately demonstrated. Other circadian patterns and other temporal phase relationships might be profitably explored, including those related to postnatal development. It is also likely that the important relationships between biorhythms and stress ulcer are not limited to ulcer induction. Future studies should address chronobiologic factors in predisposition, severity of illness, the probability of recovery and response to various therapeutic interventions.     

益生菌联合抗幽门螺杆菌治疗对 消化性溃疡患者的疗效

目的探讨益生菌联合抗幽门螺杆菌(H.pylori)治疗对消化性溃疡患者的疗效及其对患者肠道菌群的影响。方法将120例经14 C呼气试验(14 C-UBT)检测确定为H.pylori感染阳性的消化性溃疡患者随机分为观察组和对照组,每组60例。其中,对照组采用四联疗法(奥美拉唑+阿莫西林+克拉霉素+铋剂)治疗,观察组采用四联疗法联合益生菌治疗;比较两组患者H.pylori根除情况、溃疡愈合质量及不良反应情况。治疗前后留取全部患者的新鲜粪便标本进行细菌培养,比较两组患者肠道菌群数量和肠道微生物定植抗力(B/E值)。结果观察组患者H.pylori根除率和溃疡愈合率分别为88.3%、95.0%,显著高于对照组的70.0%和76.7%(P0.05),不良反应率为3.3%,显著低于对照组的20.0%(P0.05)。与治疗前比,对照组患者治疗后肠道内产气荚膜梭菌、双歧杆菌及乳杆菌数量显著减少(P0.05),肠杆菌、肠球菌及酵母菌数量显著增加(P0.05),B/E值显著降低(P0.05);观察组患者治疗后双歧杆菌和乳杆菌数量均显著增加(P0.05),产气荚膜梭菌数量显著减少(P0.05),肠杆菌、肠球菌及酵母菌数量无明显变化(P0.05),B/E值显著升高(P0.05)。结论常规抗H.pylori治疗易引起消化性溃疡患者肠道菌群紊乱,降低肠道定植抗力。益生菌联合治疗可有效改善患者肠道微生态,提高H.pylori根除率和溃疡愈合质量,减少不良反应。     

Suppression of LRRC19 promotes cutaneous wound healing in pressure ulcers in mice

The ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) induced skin lesion has been identified as primary cause of pressure ulcer. Better understanding of the mechanism is required for new therapy development. Leucine rich repeat containing protein 19 (LRRC19) is a recently discovered transmembrane protein containing leucine-rich repeats and plays a role in immune response. To investigate the role of LRRC19 in pressure ulcers, mouse ulcer model was established with two cycles of I/R. The expression of LRRC19 was assessed during injury. siRNA mediated LRRC19 downregulation was applied to investigate the disease severity, immune cell infiltration and pro-inflammatory cytokines production. The primary skin fibroblasts were stimulated with IL-1β to dissect the molecular mechanism. LRRC19 was readily induced in I/R induced lesion site in a pattern mimicking the disease progress as measured by wound area. Knockdown of LRRC19 by siRNA significantly alleviated the disease severity and attenuated immune cell infiltration and pro-inflammatory cytokines production. In primary skin fibroblast model, siRNA knockdown of LRRC19 suppressed IL-1β mediated NFκB activation and its downstream cytokines production. LRRC19 was a novel factor for I/R-induced tissue damage by promoting NFκB dependent pro-inflammatory response. Our results supported that LRRC19 could be a potential therapeutic target for pressure ulcers.     

Queratitis fúngica por Curvularia hominis: primer caso descrito en España

Background

Dematiaceous fungal genus Curvularia is a causal agent of keratitis, onychomycosis, and skin infections. In 2014, using DNA sequencing techniques, five new species, including Curvularia hominis, were described. In this article, a report is presented on the first clinical case of C. hominis infection in Spain. It concerns a corneal ulcer caused by this recently described species.

糖尿病足患者肾功能和营养状态及脂质代谢与溃疡严重程度的关系

目的:探讨糖尿病足患者肾功能和营养状态及脂质代谢与溃疡严重程度的相关性。方法:选取2015年8月-2017年12月期间我院收治的糖尿病足患者389例为研究对象,根据Wagner分级将患者分为1级组52例,2级组84例,3级组96例,4级组129例,5级组28例,对比分析五组患者肾功能指标[血肌酐(Scr)、胱抑素C(Cys C)、尿素氮(BUN)]、营养状态指标[体重指数(BMI)、血红蛋白(Hb)、血清白蛋白(Alb)]、血脂指标[甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)]水平,并分析Wagner分级与以上指标的相关性。结果:不同Wagner分级患者性别、年龄、BUN水平比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05);2级组、3级组、4级组、5级组患者的BMI、TG、HDL-C、Hb、Alb水平低于1级组,Scr、Cys C水平、吸烟史及高血压所占比例高于1级组(P0.05);4级组、5级组患者的BMI、TG、HDL-C、Hb、Alb水平低于2级组、3级组,Scr、Cys C水平、吸烟史及高血压所占比例高于2级组、3级组(P0.05)。经Spearman相关性分析显示,Wagner分级与Scr、Cys C呈正相关,与TG、HDL-C、Hb、Alb、BMI呈负相关(P0.05)。结论:糖尿病足患者Scr、Cys C与溃疡严重程度存在正相关关系,TG、HDL-C、Hb、Alb、BMI均与溃疡严重程度存在负相关关系。     

中医药治疗胃溃疡的特色

胃溃疡是临床常见但十分棘手的消化系统疾病,主要临床表现为长期性、周期性、节律性上腹部疼痛。现代治疗多采用西医治疗,效果显著,但复发率高、不良反应较大。大量研究表明,祖国医学对治疗胃溃疡具有独特的优势,且在临床上取得了良好的疗效,尤其是大大降低了胃溃疡的复发率。关于中医药治疗胃溃疡的方式非常成熟且规范全面,主要包括辨证论治、专方加减、专药治疗、其他中医治法等,说明中医药治疗胃溃疡具有一定的特色及广阔的前景,同时也面临一些问题,需要医务人员共同思考并解决。现将中医药治疗胃溃疡的现状概述如下。     

兰索拉唑与奥美拉唑治疗活动期胃溃疡的效果及对血清抗氧化因子的影响

目的:观察和比较兰索拉唑与奥美拉唑治疗活动期胃溃疡的临床效果及其对患者血清抗氧化因子水平的影响。方法:选取2016年1月至2017年1月我院收治的活动期胃溃疡患者88例,将其随机分成研究组和对照组,每组各44例。对照组给予奥美拉唑于睡前口服治疗,一次20mg,每日1次。研究组给予兰索拉唑于睡前口服治疗,一次30mg,每日1次。两组患者均以7d为一个疗程,连续治疗8个疗程。比较两组患者的临床总有效率和治疗前后血清超氧化物歧化酶(Superoxide dismutase,SOD)、丙二醛(Methylene dioxyamphetamine,MDA)、内皮素-1(Endothelin-1,ET-1)和一氧化氮(Nitric oxide,NO)水平的变化。结果:(1)研究组治疗总有效率为97.73%,对照组治疗总有效率为79.55%,研究组治疗总有效率显著高于对照组(P0.05);(2)治疗前,两组患者血清SOD、MDA、ET-1和NO水平比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05),研究组患者治疗后血清MDA、ET-1水平均明显低于对照组,血清SOD、NO水平均显著高于对照组(P0.05)。结论:兰索拉唑治疗活动期胃溃疡的临床效果明显优于奥美拉唑,可能与其显著提高患者血清SOD、NO水平及降低血清MDA、ET-1水平有关。     

兰索拉唑与奥美拉唑对胃溃疡患者氧化应激水平和内皮功能的影响

目的:探讨兰索拉唑(LAN)与奥美拉唑(OME)治疗胃溃疡的临床效果及对患者血浆氧化应激水平和血管内皮功能的影响。方法:选取我院2014年1月~2016年10月收治的138例胃溃疡患者,按照随机数字表法均分为LAN组和OME组,并选取我院同期69例健康体检者为对照组。对照组不用任何药物,LAN组予以LAN治疗,OME组给予OME治疗。记录比较LAN组和OME组的临床疗效、Hp根除率及胃镜疗效;对照组与LAN组、OME组两组治疗前后血浆氧化应激指标、血管内皮功能指标水平;并评价LAN组与OME组的用药安全性。结果:总疗程结束后,LAN组总有效率、Hp根除率分别为94.2%、89.9%,较OME组(91.3%、87.0%)相比差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。经4个疗程后,LAN组胃镜总有效率为95.7%,明显高于OME组的85.5%(P0.05)。与对照组相比,LAN组、OME组治疗前血浆MDA、ET-1水平均显著上升(P0.01),SOD、NO水平均显著降低(P0.01)。与本组治疗前对比,LAN组、OME组治疗后血浆MDA、SOD、NO及ET-1水平均显著改善(P0.01),且LAN组治疗后各血浆因子水平改善效果均显著优于OME组(P0.01)。结论:LAN治疗胃溃疡改善患者临床症状、根除Hp的效果及安全性与OME相当,但LAN更能有效降低机体的氧化应激水平,调节血管内皮功能,促进溃疡愈合。     

幽门螺杆菌感染并发消化性溃疡的危险因素及预防对策分析

目的:分析幽门螺杆菌感染并发消化性溃疡的危险因素,并实施预防对策。方法:选取我院收治的消化性溃疡的患者201例,对其临床资料进行回顾性分析,分析其危险因素。结果:消化性溃疡患者201例,Hp感染162例,Hp阳性率80.60%,不同类型的消化性溃疡的Hp阳性率比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。单因素分析结果显示,年龄在36-60岁、共食、男性、暴饮暴食、喜爱辛辣食物、吸烟饮酒、个人卫生、家族病史、以往病史,均是消化性溃疡Hp感染的高危因素。进餐习惯、喜欢酸奶、个人卫生均是Hp感染的保护因素,而暴饮暴食、喜爱辛辣食物、年龄、以往病史、吸烟饮酒、家族病史均是Hp感染的危险因素。结论:分餐习惯、喜欢酸奶、个人卫生均是Hp感染的保护因素,而暴饮暴食、喜爱辛辣食物、年龄、以往病史、吸烟饮酒、家族病史是Hp感染的危险因素,进行有针对性的预防可降低疾病发生率。     

Peptic ulcers and erosions are common in Israeli children undergoing upper endoscopy

Background: Peptic ulcers and erosions (PU&E) are thought to be uncommon in children. Patients with early exposure to Helicobacter pylori may be at a higher risk for early onset PU&E. Children in Israel have a high prevalence and early acquisition of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) and have easy access to pediatric gastroenterologists and endoscopy. Our aim was to describe the prevalence and characteristics of PU&E in this population referred by Pediatric Gastroenterologists for an upper endoscopy. Methods: We conducted a retrospective study over the years January 2003–May 2006. Over these years we had information on 751 diagnostic upper endoscopies. PU&E was regarded as erosive gastritis/duodenitis or ulcer in either the stomach or duodenum. H. pylori status was assessed using rapid urease test and gastric biopsies. Results: PU&E was detected in 169 (22.5%) patients (ulcers 51 (6.8%), erosions 118 (15.7%)). One hundred twenty‐four had gastric PU&E and 58 had duodenal PU&E. H. pylori was positive in 112 (66.3%). H. pylori‐associated PU&E becomes common after age 10 years, with gastric PU&E presenting much earlier than duodenal disease. Most of the H. pylori‐negative PU&E were idiopathic and improved symptomatically on PPI treatment. Interestingly, 43% of patients with PU&E in our cohort were either immigrants from the former Soviet Union or of Israeli Arab origin. Conclusions: PU&E appears to be common in this selected population with a relatively high incidence of gastric PU&E. H. pylori associated PU&E becomes common after age 10 years with gastric PU&E presenting much earlier than duodenal disease. Non H. pylori PU&E in children comprises approximately a third of all PU&E, are mostly idiopathic and appear earlier than H. pylori associated PU&E.