浅谈微生物学实验教学中学生素质培养

以微生物学基础教学实验——水源水中大肠菌群检测为例,对微生物实验课教学改革进行探索。探讨采用自行设计实验方案引导学生形成微生物实验能力,通过实验示范、实验评析和严格监督引导学生在规范操作中养成习惯,抓住实验现象观察达到培养学生深刻的微生物观察与思考能力,通过言传身教引导学生养成实事求是科学态度的实践。实践证明,类似水源水中大肠菌群检测实验的教学改革,有利于培养学生的自学能力、动手能力、观察能力、分析能力和创新能力,进而达到提升学生综合素质的目的。     

《组织学与胚胎学》双语教学模式的实践与探讨

《组织学与胚胎学》是医学生必修的医学基础课程之一,约有1/3医学英语词汇与其词汇直接相关,所以探讨其双语教学模式对促进医学双语教学尤为重要.我们先后从双语教学的英汉讲授比例、讲义准备、课件制作等方面探讨提高双语教学水平应注意的问题,并设计了双语教学的问卷调查,结果表明大部分同学认为双语教学对提高专业英语、普通英语水平和英语运用能力及专业课成绩有较大的帮助,并且用SPSS13.0软件将其平均分与传统教学的平均分进行了统计分析,P＜0.05,有统计学意义.该课程的双语教学,得到大多数医学生的肯定,教学水平也得到很大的提高.     

做好实验准备工作,提高微生物学实验教学质量

完善的微生物学实验准备工作是确保实验成功的开始,也是提高微生物学实验教学质量的重要环节。从加强实验室管理,制定详细的实验准备内容,严格进行实验预做等方面介绍做好微生物学实验准备工作的经验,为提高实验教学质量,培养具有创新能力的人才提供参考和借鉴。     

基因突变的教学设计

教学设计围绕基因突变这一核心概念,设计多样化的教学活动,让学生从实例分析入手,按照认知的规律从现象到概念,从宏观到微观来归纳总结出基因突变的概念;利用环环相扣的问题、科研资料引导学生在不断地探究、思考、分析和讨论,理解基因突变特征和基因突变的意义。     

基于网络环境下植物学实验课程的设计与构建

植物学实验网络课程是植物学实验教与学的网络平台。探讨网络环境下植物学实验课程体系的结构和网络教学系统组成,通过建立植物学实验网络辅助教学系统并予以应用,优化整合资源,探索提高植物学实验教学质量的途径。     

病例教学法在师范院校生理学教学中应用的探讨

病例教学法是通过讲解典型病例,阐释生理学基础理论知识的教学方法。在师范院校生理学教学过程中开展病例教学,有利于学生牢固掌握理论知识,增强理论联系实际的能力,并有利于健康教育的开展。     

琥珀酸脱氢酶实验的优化设计

琥珀酸脱氢酶作用的实验是《生物化学》课程的重要实验之一。由于材料来源、成本、操作、结果等在实验教学中存在的问题,影响了该实验的效果和开出率。采用普通鸽子胸脯处肌肉作为实验材料,并对实验条件和程序进行优化,从而使教学取得了较好的效果,实验开出率也得以提高。     

PBL 结合案例教学法在病理生理学教学中的应用

以问题为基础(Problem-based learning,PBL)的教学法和案例教学法都是近年来我国医学教育改革中经常采用的两种新型教学方法。但二者从教学论方面来看,在教学材料的选择上、教学目的上都存在着差别。病理生理学是沟通基础和临床各学科间的桥梁学科,将"以问题为基础"的教学模式与案例教学法有机地结合引入病理生理学教学,符合病理生理学的学科特点,能够有效提高教学质量,在教育观念上更易于被医学生所接受,因而适应对高素质医学人才培养的需要。     

介绍一种用卡介苗进行改良抗酸染色的实验教学方法

利用卡介苗取代结核分枝杆菌阳性痰液作为实验标本,使用改良后的抗酸染液进行抗酸染色实验教学。卡介苗水溶液为标本,石炭酸复红染色液中加入5%的Tween-80进行抗酸染色。染色后,卡介苗标本片与结核菌阳性痰液标本比较,菌体形态与染色均无明显差异。此法具有染色效果好、标本来源方便、安全无污染等优点,满足抗酸染色实验教学需要。     

Early intervention in psychosis: concepts,evidence and future directions

The rise of the early intervention paradigm in psychotic disorders represents a maturing of the therapeutic approach in psychiatry, as it embraces practical preventive strategies which are firmly established in mainstream health care. Early intervention means better access and systematic early delivery of existing and incremental improvements in knowledge rather than necessarily requiring dramatic and elusive breakthroughs. A clinical staging model has proven useful and may have wider utility in psychiatry. The earliest clinical stages of psychotic disorder are non-specific and multidimensional and overlap phenotypically with the initial stages of other disorders. This implies that treatment should proceed in a stepwise fashion depending upon safety, response and progression. Withholding treatment until severe and less reversible symptomatic and functional impairment have become entrenched represents a failure of care. While early intervention in psychosis has developed strongly in recent years, many countries have made no progress at all, and others have achieved only sparse coverage. The reform process has been substantially evidence-based, arguably more so than other system reforms in mental health. However, while evidence is necessary, it is insufficient. It is also a by-product as well as a catalyst of reform. In early psychosis, we have also seen the evidence-based paradigm misused to frustrate overdue reform. Mental disorders are the chronic diseases of the young, with their onset and maximum impact in late adolescence and early adult life. A broader focus for early intervention would solve many of the second order issues raised by the early psychosis reform process, such as diagnostic uncertainty despite a clear-cut need for care, stigma and engagement, and should be more effective in mobilizing community support. Early intervention represents a vital and challenging project for early adopters in global psychiatry to consider.