Pressure Cycling Technology Assisted Mass Spectrometric Quantification of Gingival Tissue Reveals Proteome Dynamics during the Initiation and Progression of Inflammatory Periodontal Disease

Understanding the progression of periodontal tissue destruction is at the forefront of periodontal research. The authors aimed to capture the dynamics of gingival tissue proteome during the initiation and progression of experimental (ligature‐induced) periodontitis in mice. Pressure cycling technology (PCT), a recently developed platform that uses ultra‐high pressure to disrupt tissues, is utilized to achieve efficient and reproducible protein extraction from ultra‐small amounts of gingival tissues in combination with liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry (MS). The MS data are processed using Progenesis QI and the regulated proteins are subjected to METACORE, STRING, and WebGestalt for functional enrichment analysis. A total of 1614 proteins with ≥2 peptides are quantified with an estimated protein false discovery rate of 0.06%. Unsupervised clustering analysis shows that the gingival tissue protein abundance is mainly dependent on the periodontitis progression stage. Gene ontology enrichment analysis reveals an overrepresentation in innate immune regulation (e.g., neutrophil‐mediated immunity and antimicrobial peptides), signal transduction (e.g., integrin signaling), and homeostasis processes (e.g., platelet activation and aggregation). In conclusion, a PCT‐assisted label‐free quantitative proteomics workflow that allowed cataloging the deepest gingival tissue proteome on a rapid timescale and provided novel mechanistic insights into host perturbation during periodontitis progression is applied.     

基于磁驱动技术的空肠营养管的设计

目的:为解决目前床旁鼻肠管快速置入成功率低这一临床难题,该文提出一种基于磁驱动技术的空肠营养管的设计。方法:分析了现有空肠营养管置管过程中的动力因素,结合磁驱动技术原理,提出了通过体外旋转磁场带动体内感应磁体螺旋式前进的设计方案,以期缩短空肠营养管的飘管时间。结果:该设计包括磁性空肠营养管和体外磁力驱动装置两部分。其中磁性空肠营养管由管体和感应磁头两部分构成,感应磁头包括磁体内核和硅胶外壳。磁力驱动装置由多极磁体和手持式微型电机组成。操作时通过体外磁力驱动装置发出大旋转磁场带动空肠营养管的感应磁头做轴向旋转运动,可加速空肠营养管在肠道内的移动,达到缩短飘管时间的目的。结论:该设计基于磁驱动技术原理,设计巧妙,符合磁力学原理,操作简单,具有临床应用潜力。     

The use of three-dimensional model construction of virtual technology in orthopedic treatment

ObjectiveThe objective of this study is to explore the construction of a digital three-dimensional model of virtual technology that plays an auxiliary role in orthopedic treatment.MethodsThree fracture patients were selected, with no abnormality was observed in bone examination, no musculoskeletal disease in the past; and spiral CT scan of the spine and pelvis, upper limbs, and lower limbs was performed. The virtual technology was used to build a digital 3D model, mainly using the editing software Mimics10.0 software. In addition, the virtual three-dimensional model was verified by virtual surgery, data storage security, work efficiency of the model, model validity, three-dimensional characteristics of the model, the interaction mode of the model, and the data accuracy of the model were studied.ResultsThe digital 3D model was successfully established by Mimics10.0 software. The data fitting efficiency was very high. The data storage security of the 3D model was greatly improved compared with the 2D model, and the work efficiency was improved by at least 50%. There was also a significant change in the accuracy and interaction of data acquisition. Therefore, the detection of digital 3D model work through virtual surgery simulation fully demonstrated the positive auxiliary role of 3D model in orthopedic treatment.ConclusionThe digital 3D model based on Mimics10.0 software is efficient and accurate in obtaining data. It is very effective for subsequent adjuvant therapy in the field of orthopedics, reducing the probability of misdiagnosis by doctors, saving time and improving efficiency, reducing patient's physical pain and unnecessary economic expenses.     

Molecularly imprinted polymers—A closer look at the control polymer used in determining the imprinting effect: A mini review

Molecular recognition displayed by naturally occurring receptors has continued to inspire new innovations aimed at developing systems that can mimic this natural phenomenon. Since 1930s, a technology called molecular imprinting for producing biomimetic receptors has been in place. In this technology, tailor made binding sites that selectively bind a given target analyte (also called template) are incorporated in a polymer matrix by polymerizing functional monomers and cross‐linking monomers around a target analyte followed by removal of the analyte to leave behind cavities specific to the analyte. The success of the imprinting process is defined by two main figures of merit, that is, the imprinting factor, and selectivity, which are determined by comparing the amount of target analyte or structural analogue bound by the molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) and the nonimprinted polymer (NIP). NIP is a control synthesized alongside the MIP but in the absence of the template. However, questions arise on whether these figures of merit are reliable measures of the imprinting effect because of the significant differences between the MIP and the NIP in terms of their physical and chemical characteristics. Therefore, this review critically looks into this subject, with a view of defining the best approaches for determining the imprinting effect.     

微小型生物反应器及其在生物医药领域的应用展望

微小型生物反应器体积微小但在线分析检测和过程控制功能媲美台式装备。其核心支撑技术包括一次性材料及微加工技术、非接触式光学传感器、自动化以及实验设计 (DOE)、数据分析软件与过程控制的整合。由于体积微小、湍流程度和单位能耗较低,微小型反应器内的混合、传质、剪切特性与工业规模设备有一定的区别。现阶段微小型生物反应器主要用于菌株和细胞系筛选和工艺优化,在实现高通量工艺的同时确保了数据的丰度,对缩短研发周期和加速产品上市,尤其是在应对突发性传染性疾病方面有着重要的意义。未来,精准医疗概念的落实也依赖功能柔性化的微小型生物反应器系统。     

三维技术对安徽白鹭洲战国墓M566墓主容貌的复原

2011年安徽白鹭洲发现战国时期保存完整的楚国贵族墓葬,因墓主人头发和发簪保存完好、墓主身份显赫而备受关注。该头骨保存完整,具有亚洲蒙古人种的特征,根据骨骼的形态推测其为女性,年龄为35-39岁。为展现该地区战国贵族妇女的容貌、丰富该地区考古多样性提供研究材料。本文首先使用高分辨率CT对该个体的头骨及下颌骨进行了扫描和重建,然后采用基于偏最小二乘回归的颅面复原方法实现生前容貌基本形态的复原。最后,结合考古资料,利用三维模型处理软件对面貌复原模型及其发饰进行了三维建模和纹理贴图等处理,提高了颅面复原模型的真实感,生动形象地再现战国贵族女性面部的形态特征。     

黑老虎叶总黄酮提取工艺及其抗氧化活性研究

为探讨超声波辅助提取黑老虎叶总黄酮的最佳提取工艺条件及其抗氧化活性,该文以黑老虎叶为研究对象,采用超声波提取法提取黑老虎叶总黄酮,通过单因素试验研究提取时间、乙醇浓度、提取温度、料液比对黑老虎叶总黄酮提取率的影响,在单因素试验的基础上,采用正交试验优化其提取工艺条件,测试了最优条件下提取的黑老虎叶总黄酮对DPPH自由基、·OH自由基及超氧阴离子的清除能力。结果表明:黑老虎叶总黄酮超声辅助提取最佳提取条件为提取时间 35 min、乙醇浓度80%、提取温度50 ℃、料液比1:20 g·mL^-1,最佳条件下提取率为4.83%。抗氧化活性测试结果显示,黑老虎叶总黄酮表现出较好的清除DPPH自由基、·OH自由基及超氧阴离子能力,其抗氧化能力为清除DPPH自由基能力>清除超氧阴离子能力>清除·OH自由基能力。在浓度为0.8 mg·mL^-1时,黑老虎叶总黄酮清除DPPH自由基、·OH自由基及超氧阴离子的能力相当于同浓度下Vc的97.6%、82.1%、95.5%,黑老虎叶总黄酮是天然抗氧化剂的良好来源。上述结果为黑老虎叶活性成分的提取及开发利用提供了理论基础。     

玉米转基因技术专利权人合作态势分析

转基因玉米是最重要的转基因主粮作物之一,其转基因技术具有一定的代表性。为了更好地了解和掌握玉米转基因技术领域研发主体合作情况,文章构建了基于专利权人合作网络的目标技术领域专利权人合作态势分析框架,并基于社会网络分析方法与技术,以世界范围内的转基因玉米领域的重要专利权人为分析对象,构建合作网络、分析整体合作特征、挖掘合作子网、探测领域内重要专利权人,从而从宏观、中观和微观三个层面客观展现玉米转基因技术领域专利权人合作态势,为科技战略规划提供一定的决策支撑。     

希瓦氏菌生物被膜研究进展

希瓦氏菌（Shewanella spp.）是海产品中常见的优势腐败菌,易在食品加工设备表面形成生物被膜而难以清除。生物被膜的存在不仅会造成食品的持续污染和交叉污染,也会影响加工设备的使用,从而对国民健康和经济发展造成威胁。目前,针对希瓦氏菌生物被膜的研究主要集中在表型研究上,对其生物被膜形成分子机制的研究尚处于起步阶段。总结希瓦氏菌生物被膜的形成过程,重点论述希瓦氏菌生物被膜的形成机制并对希瓦氏菌生物被膜控制方法进行简要概括,展望未来的研究方向,以期为希瓦氏菌生物被膜的深入研究提供参考。