Objectives: Oxidative stress is known to participate in the progression of sepsis. Definite data regarding the behavior of oxidative stress biomarkers in pediatric sepsis is still lacking. This study hypothesized that oxidative stress occurs in pediatric sepsis and that the magnitude of the redox derangement is associated with worse clinical progression.
Methods: Forty-two previously healthy pediatric patients with sepsis and a group of control subjects were included. Oxidative stress and inflammatory activity biomarkers were determined in blood samples. Patients were prospectively followed until their discharge or death.
Results: Patients with non-severe and severe sepsis showed higher levels of plasmatic antioxidant capacity, lower erythrocyte thiol index, lower superoxide dismutase and catalase activities, higher glutathione peroxidase activity, and higher plasmatic F2-isoprostanes concentration than controls. Patients with severe sepsis had higher NF-kappaB activation than those with non-severe sepsis. Although we observed changes in some biomarkers in patients with worse clinical evolution, the explored biomarkers did not correlate with clinical estimators of outcome.
Discussion: Oxidative stress occurs in pediatric sepsis, resulting in oxidative damage. The explored biomarkers are not useful as outcome predictors in the studied population. The behavior of these biomarkers still needs to be addressed in broader groups of pediatric patients with sepsis. 相似文献
Mitochondrial disease is frequently a multisystem disorder which often involves the central nervous system. Imaging finding although diverse are characterized by focal lesions with T2 hyperintensity, which may be most evident on FLAIR imaging and often progress to atrophy. Deep brain structures including brainstem and basal ganglia structures are particularly vulnerable though white matter and cortex may also be involved. In this paper we describe in detail the imaging features of the spectrum of mitochondrial diseases and suggest a scoring technique for recording severity and extent of brain involvement. Although there is overlap between the imaging features of disease phenotypes, magnetic resonance imaging may be useful in supporting the clinical diagnosis. There is little correlation between molecular defect and imaging findings with some noticeable exceptions such as the MELAS syndrome. 相似文献
Nasal carriage of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) probably causes the transmission of infection between individuals in hospital and community. This study aimed to evaluate the molecular epidemiology and antibiotic resistance pattern of nasal carriage S. aureus in pediatric ward patients and personnel. A total of 122 Nasal samples were taken from 28 personnel and 94 hospitalized patients in the pediatric ward. Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) to vancomycin and cefoxitin was determined by Agar dilution method strips. All S. aureus isolates were analyzed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). A total of 41 S. aureus were isolated from the patients. 16 isolates (39.09%) were hospital-associated S. aureus (HA-SA) and 25 (60.97%) were community-associated S. aureus (CA-SA); also, 13 S. aureus isolates were obtained from the personnel. Based on MIC results, all of S. aureus isolates were susceptible to vancomycin, and in 41 patient isolates, 13 isolates (31.7%) were resistant to cefoxitin (MRSA). Of 13 S. aureus isolates of the personnel, 3 (23%) isolates were MRSA. Totally 11 common clones and 13 single clones were obtained. In conclusion the prevalence of CA-SA in the ward was higher than that of HA-SA. In the strains obtained from a hospital ward, there was a high epidemiology, genotypic diversity in the studied ward. However, horizontal transfer of S. aureus was observed between patients and between personnel and patients, which indicated the risk of transmission of resistant strains in the hospital wards. 相似文献
Blockade of the programmed cell death 1-programmed cell death ligand 1 pathway is a new and promising therapeutic approach in Hodgkin lymphoma (HL). To our knowledge, the impact of soluble programmed cell death ligand 1 (sPD-L1) serum levels on HL patient prognosis has not yet been investigated. In this study, the prognostic value of sPD-L1 was assessed in patients with HL. We measured serum sPD-L1 levels and identified their prognostic value in 108 newly diagnosed HL patients using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). We found higher serum sPD-L1 concentrations in HL patients than in healthy controls. The best sPD-L1 cutoff value for predicting disease progression risk was 25.1674 ng/ml. The 4-year progression-free survival (PFS) rates for the high-sPD-L1 and low-sPD-L1 groups were 78.8% and 93.3%, respectively. Multivariate survival analysis showed that advanced stage and higher sPD-L1 levels (>25.1674 ng/ml) were independent prognostic factors for shorter PFS. In addition, higher sPD-L1 levels were positively correlated with advanced stage and negatively correlated with peripheral blood monocyte number. The serum sPD-L1 level is an independent prognostic factor for PFS in HL patients and may allow identification of a subgroup of patients who require more intensive therapy and who may benefit from anti-PD-1 agents. 相似文献
No electromyography (EMG) responses data exist of children exposed to dynamic impacts similar to automotive crashes, thereby, limiting active musculature representation in computational occupant biomechanics models. This study measured the surface EMG responses of three neck, one torso and one lower extremity muscles during low-speed frontal impact sled tests (average maximum acceleration: 3.8 g; rise time: 58.2 ms) performed on seated, restrained pediatric (n = 11, 8–14 years) and young adult (n = 9, 18–30 years) male subjects. The timing and magnitude of the EMG responses were compared between the two age groups. Two normalization techniques were separately implemented and evaluated: maximum voluntary EMG (MVE) and neck cross-sectional area (CSA). The MVE-normalized EMG data indicated a positive correlation with age in the rectus femoris for EMG latency; there was no correlation with age for peak EMG amplitudes for the evaluated muscles. The cervical paraspinous exhibited shorter latencies compared with the other muscles (2–143 ms). Overall, the erector spinae and rectus femoris peak amplitudes were relatively small. Neck CSA-normalized peak EMG amplitudes negatively correlated with age for the cervical paraspinous and sternocleidomastoid. These data can be useful to incorporate active musculature in computational models, though it may not need to be age-specific in low-speed loading environments. 相似文献
This study compares the physiological responses of systemic-to-pulmonary shunted single ventricle patients to pulsatile and continuous flow ventricular assist devices (VADs). Performance differences between pulsatile and continuous flow VADs have been clinically observed, but the underlying mechanism remains poorly understood. Six systemic-to-pulmonary shunted single ventricle patients (mean BSA=0.30 m2) were computationally simulated using a lumped-parameter network tuned to match patient specific clinical data. A first set of simulations compared current clinical implementation of VADs in single ventricle patients. A second set modified pulsatile flow VAD settings with the goal to optimize cardiac output (CO). For all patients, the best-case continuous flow VAD CO was at least 0.99 L/min greater than the optimized pulsatile flow VAD CO (p=0.001). The 25 and 50 mL pulsatile flow VADs exhibited incomplete filling at higher heart rates that reduced CO as much as 9.7% and 37.3% below expectations respectively. Optimization of pulsatile flow VAD settings did not achieve statistically significant (p<0.05) improvement to CO. Results corroborate clinical experience that continuous flow VADs produce higher CO and superior ventricular unloading in single ventricle patients. Impaired filling leads to performance degradation of pulsatile flow VADs in the single ventricle circulation. 相似文献