山东省大学生生物化学实验技能大赛选题分析

通过分析山东省大学生生物化学实验技能大赛两届获奖课题的特点,找出目前大学生在该项竞赛选题中展现出来的不足,对大学生今后在此类实验技能比赛中的选题方向及方法提出了建议。     

Is problematic mobile phone use explained by chronotype and personality?

In this study, the relationships among problematic mobile phone use, age, gender, personality and chronotype of Turkish university students were examined. The study included 902 university students (73% female, 27% male) and their participation in the study was anonymous and voluntary. Data were collected from each participant by assessing a demographic questionnaire, Composite Scale of Morningness (CSM) as a measure of chronotype, the Big Five Inventory (BIG-5) for personality assessment and Mobile Phone Problem Usage Scale (MPPUS). The most important result was that CSM scores were the best predictor for problematic mobile phone usage, and as a consequence, evening-oriented university students scored higher on the MPPUS. This result remained, even when compared with the most influential personality predictor, conscientiousness. In addition, while extraversion positively predicted, emotional stable and chronotype negatively predicted problematic mobile phone use. Lastly, age and gender were not predictors of problematic mobile phone use.     

图书馆开展大学生信息素养教育的优势与途径

论述了对大学生进行信息素养教育的意义,阐明了图书馆在开展大学生信息素养教育过程中起到的优势作用,提出了利用图书馆进行大学生信息素养教育的6种途径。     

民办高校贫困生资助工作的若干思考

针对民办高校贫困学生的特殊性及责助方面存在的种种困难,提出只有创新资助方式,加大对贫困学生的资助力度,建立资助工作的长效机制,才能促进民办高等教育事业积极、健康、可持续发展。     

平原就读的藏族与汉族腹型肥胖大学生心肺功能比较研究*

目的: 探讨腹型肥胖对平原就读藏汉族大学生心肺功能影响的差异研究。方法: 选取在校男性大学生96人,依照BMI和WC分类标准,分为藏族腹型肥胖组 (TA)、藏族对照组(TC)、汉族腹型肥胖组(HA)、汉族对照组(HC)各24名。使用心脏彩色多普勒超声检查仪检测超声心动图,检测心脏结构和AV、PV、MVE、MVA、TVE、TVA等心功能指标。检测VC、FVC、FEV1、PEF、MMF、MVV等肺功能指标。检测身体形态学,血液和脂肪肝状况等基础指标。结果: 腹型肥胖对血压的影响:与TC组相比,TA组SBP显著增加 (P＜0.01 );与HC组相比,HA组SBP和DBP均显著增加 (P＜0.01,P＜0.05 )。腹型肥胖对心功能的负性影响:与TC组相比,TA组AV和PV显著减慢(P均＜0.01);与HC组相比,HA组IVSA显著增大(P＜0.05 )。腹型肥胖对肺功能的负性影响:与TC组相比,TA组MMF和肺活量/体重水平显著降低(P＜0.05);与HC组相比,HA组FEV1、FEV1%、PEF、MMF、MVV、MVV%和肺活量/体重水平均显著降低(P均＜0.05)。相关性结果显示:TA组SBP与BMI、WC呈正相关(r均=0.6,P＜0.05);MPAID与BMI、WC、WHtR呈正相关(r均=0.6,P＜0.05);AV与WC呈负相关(r=-0.6,P＜0.05);PV与BMI(r=-0.8,P＜0.01)、BFR(r=-0.7,P＜0.01)、WC(r=-0.7,P＜0.05)、WHR(r=-0.7,P＜0.05)、WHtR(r=-0.7,P＜0.01)呈负相关;TVE与BMI呈负相关(r=-0.6,P＜0.05);MVV与BFR(r=-0.9,P＜0.05)、WC(r=-0.6,P＜0.05)呈负相关。结论: 腹型肥胖可导致平原就读藏族大学生心肺功能下降,主要表现为主肺动脉流速和最大呼气中段流量降低,收缩压增加。腹型肥胖对藏汉族大学生心肺功能影响存在差异,对藏族血压、室间隔搏幅和肺功能的负性影响小于汉族。藏族腹型肥胖大学生身体形态学指标与心肺功能呈负相关,其中BMI、WC与心脏功能指标相关性较为密切,BFR与肺通气功能指标相关性较为密切。     

腊尔山区苗族学生头面部形态特征

本项目对1896例腊尔山区6~16岁苗族学生（男919例,女977例）进行了人体测量,测量了10项头面部形态指标,并根据公式计算13项头面部指数值。结果表明,苗族学生头面部各指标均值随年龄增长而增加,同年龄段头面部各指标均值男生一般高于女生,且多数年龄段差异有统计学意义;男性的头长宽的、形态面的、形态上面的、容貌面的、颧额宽的、容貌上面的和容貌上面高的指数以及女性的形态面的、形态上面的、容貌面的、颧下颌宽度的、容貌上面高的指数随年龄增长总体趋势是先增加后递减;男性头面高的以及女性的头长高的、头宽高的和头面宽的指数随年龄增长逐渐增加;男女性之间的头长高的、头宽高的和额顶宽的指数比较显示,多数年龄段差异有统计学意义;苗族学生头型以中头型、高头型、阔头型多见,面型以阔面型、阔上面型为主;相对于其他族群,腊尔山苗族男生面型短而宽,头型偏长,女生面型偏短,头型稍偏长而窄。腊尔山苗族学生头面部特征与融水苗族、土家族等族群较为接近,与哈萨克族、新乡汉族相距较远。     

留学生医学微生物学教学的体会与改革

通过分析留学生及医学微生物学的特点,从教师的选择、教材的选取、运用现代教育技术、改革考试方法和加强实验教学等环节改进留学生医学微生物学的教学;采用启发式教学、归纳对比法教学、典型病案教学法和以问题为基础教学法(PBL)来提高授课质量等,探索医学微生物学留学生教学,为医学微生物学留学生教学改革提供一定的依据。     

Mental health literacy towards depression among non-medical students at a Malaysian university

Background The aim of the present study was to evaluate the knowledge and perception of depression among students of University Sains Malaysia (USM), in Penang, Peninsular Malaysia.Method Face-to-face interviews were conducted using a pre-validated 21-item questionnaire among students at USM.Results A total of 500 respondents participated in the survey comprising 24.6% (n=123) males and 75.4% (n=377) females. Half (50.0%, n=250) were Malays, followed by Chinese (44.0%, n=220) and Indians (6.0%, n=30). Whilst exploring the respondents' knowledge of the symptoms of depression, it was found that Chinese females had a comparatively better knowledge (P=0.058) of the symptoms of depression in comparison with Malays and Indians. Overall, social issues were attributed as the possible cause of depression. A cursory knowledge level was observed regarding medication for depression. Female students were more inclined towards the use of alternative and traditional medicines. However, with regard to seeking professional help, consultation with a psychiatrist was preferred by the majority.Conclusion Overall, a moderate level of knowledge about the symptoms of depression and a cursory knowledge of its therapy were observed. Those with personal experience of depression had better knowledge of the symptoms and therapy. Alternative treatments and traditional medicines were also favoured. There is a risk that this may affect the ability of Malaysian youths to seek evidence-based mental health care.     

留学生全英文组织学教学实践与体会

留学生教育作为高等院校国际化程度的一个重要尺度,已经成为高等教育的重要任务之一。留学生教育质量的高低在留学生教育事业上有着举足轻重的地位。我们体会到,通过采取以下措施,可以提高留学生教学质量:加强师资队伍建设,提高授课教师专业素质;多种教学模式,提高学生学习兴趣;加强师生交流,提高学习热情。     

浅谈对医学生临床思维与临床技能提高的培养

为适应目前医学事业发展的需要,医学生的临床思维与临床技能的培养至关重要。在教学中,应不断提高教师自身的业务水平和自身素质,给予学生适当引导和启发,采取灵活多样的教学方式,并鼓励学生学会独立思考能力,激发学生的主动性和创造性,同时理论与实践相结合,推出模拟教学,由此激发学生的学习兴趣;并通过病例的采集归纳和整理,加强基本功的训练。从而提高学生临床思维能力与标准实践技能。