敦化乌头的二萜生物碱成份

从敦化乌头(Aconitum dunhuaense S.H.Li)的根中分得6个单体二萜生物碱成份,经光谱分析及同标准品对照,鉴定它们分别为乌头碱(aconitine,1)、下乌头碱(hypaconitine,2)、尼奥灵(nepline,3)、去氧乌头碱(3-deoxyaconitine,4)、中乌头碱(mesaconitine,5)和阿康诺辛(aconosine,6)。     

3D Printing Sulfur Copolymer‐Graphene Architectures for Li‐S Batteries

3D printing is becoming an efficient approach to facilely and accurately fabricate diverse complex architectures with broad applications. However, suitable inks and 3D print favorable architectures with high electrochemical performances for energy storage are still being explored. Here, sulfur copolymer‐graphene architectures with well‐designed periodic microlattices are 3D printed as a cathode for Li‐S batteries using a suitable ink composed of sulfur particles, 1,3‐diisopropenylbenzene (DIB), and condensed graphene oxide dispersion. Using thermal treatment, elemental sulfur can be reacted with DIB to produce sulfur copolymer, which can partially suppress the dissolution of polysulfides. Moreover, graphene in the architecture can provide high electrical conductivity for whole electrode. Hence, 3D printed sulfur copolymer‐graphene architecture exhibits a high reversible capacity of 812.8 mA h g^?1 and good cycle performance. Such a simple 3D printing approach can be further extended to construct many complex architectures for various energy storage devices.     

Vertically Aligned MoS2 Nanosheets Patterned on Electrochemically Exfoliated Graphene for High‐Performance Lithium and Sodium Storage

Molybdenum disulfide (MoS₂) has been recognized as a promising anode material for high‐energy Li‐ion (LIBs) and Na‐ion batteries (SIBs) due to its apparently high capacity and intriguing 2D‐layered structure. The low conductivity, unsatisfied mechanical stability, and limited active material utilization are three key challenges associated with MoS₂ electrodes especially at high current rates and mass active material loading. Here, vertical MoS₂ nanosheets are controllably patterned onto electrochemically exfoliated graphene (EG). Within the achieved hierarchical architecture, the intimate contact between EG and MoS₂ nanosheets, interconnected network, and effective exposure of active materials by vertical channels simultaneously overcomes the above three problems, enabling high mechanical integrity and fast charge transport kinetics. Serving as anode material for LIBs, EG‐MoS₂ with 95 wt% MoS₂ content delivered an ultrahigh‐specific capacity of 1250 mA h g^?1 after 150 stable cycles at 1 A g^?1, which is among the highest values in all reported MoS₂ electrodes, and excellent rate performance (970 mA h g^?1 at 5 A g^?1). Moreover, impressive cycling stability (509 mA h g^?1 at 1 A g^?1 after 250 cycles) and rate capability (423 mA h g^?1 at 2 A g^?1) were also achieved for SIBs. The area capacities reached 1.27 and 0.49 mA h cm^?2 at ≈1 mA cm^?2 for LIBs and SIBs, respectively. This work may inspire the development of new 2D hierarchical structures for high efficiency energy storage and conversion.     

Unusual Activation of Cation Disordering by Li/Fe Rearrangement in Triplite LiFeSO4F

It is reported that cation disordering in triplite LiFeSO₄F can be activated by Li/Fe rearrangement that results from irreversible and nondestructive structural changes during the 1st charge/discharge cycle, especially during the charge. This rearrangement decreases the number of edge‐shared FeO₄F₂ connection environments, compared to the pristine material. With this activation, triplite LiFeSO₄F exhibits several unexpected electrochemical features in subsequent cycles; a decrease in open‐circuit voltage indicating the change in thermodynamic property, negligible volumetric change, enhanced Li diffusion, and facile phase transformation pathway. As a consequence, the cation‐disordered triplite LiFeSO₄F achieves superior rate capability up to ≈66 mA h g^?1 at 40 C rate (1.5 min discharge) and has excellent capacity retention for 500 cycles at 5 C charge/5 C discharge rate and for 1200 cycles at 2 C charge/2 C discharge rate. Therefore, triplite LiFeSO₄F can be one of the most promising electrode materials for Li ion batteries.     

N‐Doped Graphene Modified 3D Porous Cu Current Collector toward Microscale Homogeneous Li Deposition for Li Metal Anodes

Lithium metal is the most promising anode material for high‐energy‐density batteries due to its high specific capacity of 3860 mAh g^?1 and low reduction potential of ?3.04 V versus standard hydrogen electrode. However, huge volume change, safety concerns, and low efficiency impede the practical applications of Li metal anodes. Herein, it is shown that the nitrogen‐doped graphene modified 3D porous Cu (3DCu@NG) current collector can mitigate the above problems. The N‐doped graphene, coating on the surface of 3D current collector, not only contributes to a uniform Li⁺ flux, but also leads to a scattered distribution of electrons throughout the surface, finally contributing to a uniform Li deposition and the improved electrochemical performance. In addition, the continuously porous structure of 3DCu@NG provides a space for the metallic Li deposition and could effectually accommodate the volume expansion during cycling. As a result, the Li‐3DCu@NG anode exhibits a high areal capacity of 4 mAh cm^?2, a high Li utilization of ≈98%, and an ultralow voltage hysteresis of ≈19 mV. The multifunctional N‐doped graphene modified 3D porous current collector promisingly provides a strategy for safe and high‐energy lithium metal anodes.     

柳氮磺胺吡啶联合丽珠肠乐治疗溃疡性结肠炎的疗效及对患者炎症反应的影响

目的:观察丽珠肠乐联合柳氮磺胺吡啶治疗溃疡性结肠炎的疗效及对患者炎症反应的影响。方法:选取我院2014年6月-2017年6月期间收治的溃疡性结肠炎患者120例,根据数表法将患者分为观察组(n=60)和对照组(n=60)。对照组采用柳氮磺胺吡啶治疗,观察组在对照组的基础上增加丽珠肠乐治疗。连续治疗8周后观察两组患者的临床疗效以及结肠炎症状改善程度,并对两组患者治疗前后的血清炎症因子水平进行检测对比,同时观察两组患者不良反应发生情况。结果:观察组临床治疗的总有效率为93.33%(56/60),高于对照组的80.00%(48/60)(P0.05)。治疗后两组患者Sutherland指数评分、肠道菌群评分、肠镜评分均低于治疗前,且观察组低于对照组(P0.05)。治疗后两组患者CRP、IL-6、TNF-α水平均低于治疗前,且观察组低于对照组(P0.05)。观察组不良反应发生率为13.33%(8/60),与对照组的8.33%(5/60)比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:柳氮磺胺吡啶联合丽珠肠乐治疗溃疡性结肠炎的临床疗效显著,能够改善患者的临床症状,降低患者体内的炎症因子水平,且无严重不良反应发生,临床应用价值高,值得进一步推广应用。     

黎族人的瘦体与脂肪质量指数

2014年11月在海南省五指山市5个黎族村寨测量了607例(男为308例,女为299例)黎族人体质量、身高等6项体成分指标值,计算了黎族人的体脂率(P_(bf))、瘦体质量(m_l)、脂肪质量(m_f)、瘦体质量指数(I_(lm))、脂肪质量指数(I_(fm))。研究发现,女性体脂率、脂肪质量、脂肪质量指数都明显大于男性,瘦体质量、瘦体质量指数均明显小于男性。随年龄增长,黎族人身高、瘦体质量逐渐减小,体脂率、脂肪质量、脂肪质量指数逐渐增大。受试者特征曲线显示身体质量指数、脂肪质量指数都可以适宜评价黎族人的体脂率,而且脂肪质量指数对体脂率的估算准确性比身体质量指数更高。这也提示脂肪质量指数是比身体质量指数评价肥胖更好的指标。     

Diagnosis of Distant Metastasis of Lung Cancer: Based on Clinical and Radiomic Features

OBJECTIVES: To analyze the distant metastasis possibility based on computed tomography (CT) radiomic features in patients with lung cancer. METHODS: This was a retrospective analysis of 348 patients with lung cancer enrolled between 2014 and February 2015. A feature set containing clinical features and 485 radiomic features was extracted from the pretherapy CT images. Feature selection via concave minimization (FSV) was used to select effective features. A support vector machine (SVM) was used to evaluate the predictive ability of each feature. RESULTS: Four radiomic features and three clinical features were obtained by FSV feature selection. Classification accuracy by the proposed SVM with SGD method was 71.02%, and the area under the curve was 72.84% with only the radiomic features extracted from CT. After the addition of clinical features, 89.09% can be achieved. CONCLUSION: The radiomic features of the pretherapy CT images may be used as predictors of distant metastasis. And it also can be used in combination with the patient's gender and tumor T and N phase information to diagnose the possibility of distant metastasis in lung cancer.     

A promising RVO4:Eu3+,Li+@SiO2 (R = Gd,Y and Gd/Y) red‐emitting phosphor with improved luminescence (cd/m2) and colour purity for optical display applications

Red emission intensity was optimized in three stages, by investigating the effects of: (i) host composition (Gd, Y and Gd/Y), (ii) codoping Li⁺ as a sensitizer and, finally, (iii) with a SiO₂ shell coating as a protecting layer. Lanthanide vanadate powder phosphors were synthesized using a modified colloidal precipitation technique. The effects of SiO₂ coating on phosphor particles were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM)‐EDAX, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and photoluminescence (PL) measurements. An improvement in the PL intensity on Li codoping was due to improved crystallinity, which led to higher oscillating strengths for the optical transitions, and also a lowering of the inversion symmetry of Eu³⁺ ions. Red emission intensity due to ⁵D₀ → ⁵D₂ transition of the phosphor Y_0.94VO₄:Eu³⁺_0.05,Li⁺_0.01 was enhanced by 22.28% compared with Y_0.95VO₄:Eu³⁺_0.05, and was further improved by 58.73% with SiO₂ coating. The luminescence intensity (I) and colour coordinates (x, y) of the optimized phosphor Y_0.94VO₄:Eu³⁺_0.05,Li⁺_0.01@SiO₂, where I = 13.07 cd/m² and (x = 0.6721, y = 0.3240), were compared with values for a commercial red phosphor (Y₂O₂S:Eu³⁺), where I = 27 cd/m² and (x = 0.6522, y = 0.3437). The measured colour coordinates are superior to those of the commercial red phosphor, and moreover, match well with standard NTSC values (x = 0.67, y = 0.33). Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Luminescence study of Eu3+doped Li6Y(BO3)3 phosphor for solid‐state lighting

In this study, Li₆Y_1–xEu_x(BO₃)₃ phosphor was successfully synthesized using a modified solid‐state diffusion method. The Eu³⁺ ion concentration was varied at 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.5 and 1 mol%. The phosphor was characterized for phase purity, morphology, luminescent properties and molecular transmission at room temperature. The XRD pattern suggests a result closely matching the standard JCPDS file (#80‐0843). The emission and excitation spectra were followed to discover the luminescence traits. The excitation spectra indicate that the current phosphor can be efficiently excited at 395 nm and at 466 nm (blue light) to give emission at 595 and 614 nm due to the ⁵D₀ → ⁷F_j transition of Eu³⁺ ions. Concentration quenching was observed at 0.5 mol% Eu³⁺ in the Li₆Y_1–xEu_x(BO₃)₃ host lattice. Strong red emission with CIE chromaticity coordinates of phosphor is x = 0.63 and y = 0.36 achieved with dominant red emission at 614 nm the ⁵D₀ → ⁷ F₂ electric dipole transition of Eu³⁺ ions. The novel Li₆Y_1–xEu_x(BO₃)₃ phosphor may be a suitable red‐emitting component for solid‐state lighting using double‐excited wavelengths, i.e. near‐UV at 395 nm and blue light at 466 nm. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.