丽珠肠乐治疗溃疡性结肠炎的临床疗效及病理变化的研究

目的:探讨溃疡性结肠炎的微生态学改变及双歧杆菌对溃疡性结肠炎的预防和治疗作用.方法:随机选取溃疡性结肠炎的患者60人,分成二组.治疗组:口服丽珠肠乐胶囊;对照组:口服氟哌酸胶囊,柳氮磺胺吡啶栓直肠给药.疗程一个月.结果:溃疡性结肠炎的肠道内细菌数量双歧杆菌、乳杆菌显著下降(P＜0.01),肠球菌显著增加(P＜0.01).经丽珠肠乐治疗后,肠道内主要细菌的数量恢复正常,与对照组相比差异有显著性(P＜0.01);肠道黏膜病理及组织学改变基本恢复正常;临床症状改善上治疗组疗效高于对照组(P＜0.01).结论:双歧杆菌活菌制剂治疗溃疡性结肠炎效果显著,值得临床推广使用.     

益生菌联合柳氮磺胺吡啶治疗溃疡性结肠炎的疗效观察

【摘 要】 目的 通过建立葡聚糖硫酸钠(DSS)诱导的急性期溃疡性结肠炎(UC)小鼠模型,观察嗜酸乳杆菌以及联合柳氮磺胺吡啶对小鼠溃疡性结肠炎(UC)的治疗作用,并检测Hsp70、Hsp27在肠黏膜的表达,探讨其可能的作用机制。方法　5% DSS 7 d建立急性UC动物模型。将60只BALB/c小鼠随机分为6组：正常对照组、模型组、阴性对照(生理盐水,NS)组、嗜酸乳杆菌组、柳氮磺胺吡啶组和嗜酸乳杆菌联合柳氮磺胺吡啶组,观察指标包括：疾病活动指数(DAI)、结肠黏膜肉眼改变及病理组织学积分;采用免疫组化SABC 法检测热休克蛋白(HSP70)和(HSP27)的表达量。结果 嗜酸乳杆菌可降低实验小鼠DAI积分和改善结肠组织损伤;与模型组、阴性对照组相比,嗜酸乳杆菌联合柳氮磺胺吡啶组的HSP70表达增加(P＜0.05),其中以嗜酸乳杆菌联合柳氮磺胺吡啶组效果最佳。结论 嗜酸乳杆菌和柳氮磺胺吡啶对小鼠溃疡性结肠炎都有治疗作用,且二者疗效相当;两药联合应用效果最佳。其机制可能与增加结肠黏膜HSP70的表达有关。     

美常安联合柳氮磺吡啶治疗溃疡性结肠炎的疗效及对血清TNF-α、IL-6、IL-8水平的影响

目的:探索美常安联合柳氮磺吡啶治疗溃疡性结肠炎(UC)的疗效,及对血清TNF-α、IL-6、IL-8水平的影响。方法:选择自2012年9月至2014年12月我院收治的100例UC患者,按照随机数表法分成对照组和观察组,每组50例。对照组患者口服给予柳氮磺吡啶,观察组患者口服给予美常安联合柳氮磺吡啶治疗。统计分析两组患者的临床有效率、症状改善、不良反应发生情况及治疗前后患者血清中TNF-α、IL-6、IL-8水平的变化。结果:观察组中总有效率为92.00%显著高于对照组中总有效率为48.00%(P0.05);两组患者治疗后的主要临床症状较治疗前均有明显改善(P0.05),且观察组患者治疗后主要症状缓解率明显高于对照组(P0.05);两组患者治疗后血清中TNF-α、IL-6、IL-8水平均显著低于治疗前,且观察组明显低于对照组(P0.05);两组患者不良反应发生率之间的差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:美常安联合柳氮磺吡啶治疗UC具有良好的临床疗效,能显著改善患者的临床症状和患者血清中炎症因子的水平,值得在临床上推广使用。     

美沙拉嗪对溃疡性结肠炎患者血清CRP,IL-10及TNF-α水平的影响

目的:探讨美沙拉嗪对溃疡性结肠炎患者血清CRP,IL-10及TNF-α水平的影响。方法:收集我院就诊的120例溃疡性结肠炎患者,随机分为实验组和对照组,每组60例。两组给予柳氮磺吡啶肠溶片治疗,实验组患者给予美沙拉嗪肠溶片治疗。观察并比较两组患者治疗前后血清C-反应蛋白(CRP)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)及白介素-10(IL-10)水平、临床疗效及安全性。结果:与治疗前相比,治疗后两组患者血清CRP及TNF-α水平均下降,而IL-10水平均升高,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);与对照组相比,实验组患者血清CRP及TNF-α水平较低,而IL-10水平较高,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);与对照组相比,实验组患者临床治疗有效率较高,不良反应发生率较低,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:美沙拉嗪能够抑制溃疡性结肠炎患者的炎症反应水平,降低CRP、TNF-α水平,升高IL-10水平,临床疗效较好,且用药安全。     

美常安联合柳氮磺吡啶治疗溃疡性结肠炎的疗效及对血清TNF-alpha、IL-6、 IL-8水平的影响

目的：探索美常安联合柳氮磺吡啶治疗溃疡性结肠炎（UC）的疗效,及对血清TNF-alpha、IL-6、IL-8 水平的影响。方法：选择自 2012 年9月至2014 年12 月我院收治的100例UC 患者,按照随机数表法分成对照组和观察组,每组50 例。对照组患者口服给 予柳氮磺吡啶,观察组患者口服给予美常安联合柳氮磺吡啶治疗。统计分析两组患者的临床有效率、症状改善、不良反应发生情 况及治疗前后患者血清中TNF-alpha、IL-6、IL-8 水平的变化。结果：观察组中总有效率为92.00%显著高于对照组中总有效率为 48.00%（P<0.05）;两组患者治疗后的主要临床症状较治疗前均有明显改善（P<0.05）,且观察组患者治疗后主要症状缓解率明显高 于对照组（P<0.05）;两组患者治疗后血清中TNF-alpha、IL-6、IL-8 水平均显著低于治疗前,且观察组明显低于对照组（P<0.05）;两组患 者不良反应发生率之间的差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论：美常安联合柳氮磺吡啶治疗UC具有良好的临床疗效,能显著改善 患者的临床症状和患者血清中炎症因子的水平,值得在临床上推广使用。     

美沙拉嗪对溃疡性结肠炎患者血清炎症因子与凝血指标的影响

目的:分析美沙拉嗪对溃疡性结肠炎患者血清炎症因子与凝血指标的影响。方法:按抽签法将102例溃疡性结肠炎患者分作对照组和研究组,各51例,对照组治疗采用柳氮磺胺吡啶,研究组治疗采用美沙拉嗪,观察两组治疗前后血清白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、白细胞介素-8(IL-8)、肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α),血小板(PLT)、纤维蛋白原(Fg)、凝血酶原时间(PT)、D-二聚体(D-D)水平,氧化应激指标,免疫功能,临床疗效及安全性。结果:治疗后,研究组患者血清IL-1β、IL-6、IL-8、TNF-α、Fg、D-D水平及PLT均显著低于对照组,PT高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。研究组氧化应激过氧化脂质(LPO)、丙二醛(MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、免疫功能(CD3~+、CD4~+、CD8~+、CD4~+/CD8~+)改善均优于对照组(P0.05)。研究组总有效率高于对照组,不良反应率低于对照组,均有统计学差异(P0.05)。结论:美沙拉嗪治疗溃疡性结肠炎患者可显著抑制炎症,改善氧化应激状态,纠正凝血功能障碍并改善免疫功能,且临床疗效和安全性均较好。     

果胶铋联合赛庚啶及柳氮磺吡啶治疗溃疡性结肠炎临床观察

目的:探讨果胶铋联合赛庚啶及柳氮磺吡啶治疗溃疡性结肠炎的临床疗效。方法:选自2013年1月至2014年1月我院收治的溃疡性结肠炎患者90例,将这90例患者随机分成2组,每组45例患者,分别命名为观察组和对照组,对照组患者给予赛庚啶及柳氮磺吡啶进行治疗,观察组患者在采用对照组患者治疗方法的基础上,加用果胶铋进行治疗。结果:观察组患者临床治疗的总有效率为95.6%,对照组患者临床治疗的总有效率为84.4%。结论:果胶铋联合赛庚啶及柳氮磺吡啶治疗溃疡性结肠炎效果显著,值得临床推广。     

葛根芩连汤加蒲公英灌肠治疗溃疡性结肠炎的临床观察

目的:观察中药葛根芩连汤加蒲公英灌肠治疗溃疡性结肠炎的疗效。方法:溃疡性结肠炎患者113例,随机分为治疗组(60例)和对照组(53例),前者用蒲公英葛根芩连汤灌肠,后者用柳氮黄吡啶治疗。结果:治疗组总有效率为90%,对照组总有效率75.5%,差异具有显著性(P<0.01)。结论:中药葛根芩连汤加蒲公英灌肠治疗溃疡性结肠炎疗效好,建议临床推广应用。     

新的抗溃疡性结肠炎药

英国《药学杂志》介绍,奥柳氮为一种抗溃疡性结肠炎新药,目前已用于临床。奥柳氮与柳氮磺胺吡啶(治疗溃疡性结肠炎的常用药)相比,不但效果好且副作用少。奥柳氮是由两分子氨基水杨酸(5一ASA)和一个连接两分子氨基水杨酸的     

双歧杆菌三联活菌胶囊对溃疡性结肠炎患者血清白介素-6、8和10水平的影响及疗效观察

目的探讨双歧杆菌三联活菌胶囊对溃疡性结肠炎（UC）患者血清白介素（IL）-6、8和10水平的影响及疗效观察。方法选取88例UC患者,随机分为观察组和对照组。两组患者均酌情予以柳氮磺胺吡啶、5-氨基水杨酸和糖皮质激素等常规治疗。观察组患者在此基础上加用口服双歧杆菌三联活菌胶囊420mg/次,3次/d,连用8周。对照组患者除不使用双歧杆菌三联活菌胶囊外余治疗同观察组。观察两组患者治疗前后血清IL-6、8和10水平变化,并比较其临床疗效及不良反应。结果治疗8周后,两组患者血清IL-6、8水平明显下降,IL-10水平明显上升（P〈0.05或P〈0.01）,且观察组下降值或上升值大于对照组（P〈0.05）;观察组患者总有效率明显高于对照组（χ2=4.42,P〈0.05）;治疗中对照组出现不良反应3例,观察组出现5例,症状均较轻,两组患者不良反应发生率比较差异无统计学意义（χ2=0.14,P〉0.05）。结论双歧杆菌三联活菌胶囊治疗UC的疗效确切,安全性较好,作用与其能降低血清IL-6、8水平,提高血清IL-10水平,减轻肠黏膜局部炎症反应密切相关。     

六种藓类植物茎的比较解剖学研究

通过对6种藓类植物,即褶叶青藓(Brachythecium salebrosum(Web.et Mohr.)B.S.G.)、湿地匐灯藓(Plagiomnium acutum(Lindb.)Kop.)、侧枝匐灯藓(Plagiomnium maximoviczii(Lindb.)Kop.)、大凤尾藓(Fissidensnobilis Griff.)、大羽藓(Thuidium cymbifolium(Doz.et Molk.)B.S.G.)和大灰藓(Hypnum plumaeforme Wils.)嫩茎和老茎的石蜡切片和显微观察发现,同一藓类植株的嫩茎和老茎,茎结构稳定,不同种藓类植物茎横切面具有不同特征.植物体茎横切面形状、表层细胞的层数、细胞大小和细胞壁厚薄、皮层细胞大小和形状、中轴的有无以及比例等特征可以作为藓类植物的分科分类依据之一.     

Photoregulation of seed germination of wild-type and of an aurea-mutant of tomato

Seed germination of an aurea mutant of tomato ( Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) is promoted by continuous irradiation with red, far-red or long-wavelength far-red (758 nm) light as well as by cyclic irradiations (5 min red or 5 min far-red/25 min darkness). Far-red light applied immediately after each red does not change the germination behaviour. Seed germination of the isogenic wild-type, cv. UC-105, is promoted by continuous and cyclic red light while it is inhibited by continuous and cyclic far-red light and by continious 758 nm irradiation. Far-red irradiation reverses almost completely the promoting effect of red light. The promoting effect (in the aurea mutant) and the inhibitory effect (in the wild-type) of continuous far-red light do not show photon fluence rate dependency above 20 nmol m⁻² s⁻¹. It is concluded that phytochrome controls tomato seed germination throgh low energy responses in both the wild type and the au mutant. The promoting effect of continuous and cyclic far-red light in the au mutant can be attributed to a greater sensitivity to P_fr.     

Cause of Senescence of Nine Sorts of Flowers

The levels of endogenous phytohormones and respiratory rate in nine sorts of flowers such as Cymbidium faberi Rolfe, Nopalxochia ackermannii Kunth and others were investigated both at full bloom and senescence and meanwhile the effect of exogenous phytohormones on prolonging the blossoms and promoting ethylene production were tested. There is a high content of endogenous ethylene in all the long-lived flowere, about 3–16 folds higer than the short-lived ones. There is a high level of ABA at full blooming flowers of short-lived flowers, in which there is no or only some cytokinins in it, but the ratio of CTK (6BA+zeatin)/ABA is smaller(l.7). The endogenous ABA reached a much higher level at senescence in all nine sorts of flowers, so it is reasonable to consider that it is ABA which plays an important role of regulation in controlling flower's senescence. There is a much higher level of GA3 and zeatin in the long-lived flowers which is not demonstrated in the shortlived ones. The respiratory rate is one of the factors controtling the longevity of flowers, but it does not play a decided role. Application of 6BA and zeatin prolongs distinctly orchid’s longevity, however exogenous IAA through the promotive action on ethylene production, evidently extends the longevity of the flowers of the Nopalxochia ackermannii Kunth.     

Interconnection of parameters of regulation system of lipid peroxidation and of morphophysiological parameters of mouse liver

A complex analysis of seasonal fluctuations of the mean group parameters of the system of regulation of lipid peroxidation has been performed in liver of Balb/c mice. Association of lipid characteristics and morphophysiological parameters is studied in the Balb/c mouse liver. An inter-connection is revealed between the liver index and the amount of lysoforms of phospholipids, the scale and character of the interconnection differing essentially depending on proportion of phos-phatidylcholine in mouse liver phospholipids.     

龙胆科药用植物化学成分的研究现状

龙胆科植物在我国的分布范围很广,且多数为药用植物,其多数种属的药用植物,至今其化学成分尚未被系统研究。综述了目前龙胆科药用植物的化学成分的研究现状及一般提取方法,对近年来发现的环烯醚萜及裂环烯醚萜类化合物进行了总结,为本科药用植物的更深入研究提供了参考。     

Physiological characteristics of various species of strains of carboxydobacteria

Seven strains of aerobic carbon monoxide-oxidizing bacteria (carboxydebacteria) when growing on CO as sole source of carbon and energy had doubling times which ranged from 12–42 h. The activity profiles obtained after discontinuous sucrose density gradient centrifugation indicated that the CO-oxidizing enzymes are soluble and the hydrogenases are membrane-bound in all strains examined. The CO-oxidizing enzymes of Pseudomonas carboxydohydrogena, Pseudomonas carboxydoflava, Comamonas compransoris, and the so far unidentified strains OM2, OM3, and OM4 had a molecular weight of 230,000; that of Achromobacter carboxydus amounted to 170,000. The molecular weights of the CO-oxidizing and H₂-oxidizing enzymes turned out to be identical. The cell sonicates were shown to catalyze the oxidation of both CO and H₂ with methylene blue, thionine, phenazine methosulfate, toluylene blue, dichlorophenolindophenol, cytochrome c or ferricyanide as electron acceptors. Methyl viologen, benzyl viologen, FAD⁺, FMN⁺, and NAD(P)⁺ were not reduced. The spectrum of electron acceptors was identical for all strains tested. Neither free formate, hydrogen nor oxygen gas were involved in the CO-oxidation reaction. Methylene blue was reduced by CO at a 1:1 molar ratio. The results indicate that CO-oxidation by carboxydobacteria is catalyzed by identical or similar enzymes and that the reaction obeys the equation CO+H₂OCO₂+2H⁺+2e^- as previously shown for Pseudomonas carboxydovorans.Dedicated to Otto Kandler remembering almost three decades of enjoyable cooperation     

Modulation of allostery of pyruvate kinase by shifting of an ensemble of microstates

Since the introduction of the concepts of allostery about four decades ago, much advancement has been made in elucidating the structure-function correlation in allostery. However, there are still a number of issues that remain unresolved. In this review we used mammalian pyruvate kinase (PK) as a model system to understand the role of protein dynamics in modulating cooperativity. PK has a triosephosphate isomerase (TIM)(α/β)₈ barrel structural motif. PK is an ideal system to address basic questions regarding regulatory mechanisms about this common (α/β)₈ structural motif. The simplest model accounting for all of the solution thermodynamic and kinetic data on ligand-enzyme interactions involves two conformational states, inactive E^T and active E^R. These conformational states are represented by domain movements. Further studies provide the first evidence for a differential effect of ligand binding on the dynamics of the structural elements, not major secondary structural changes. These data are consistent with our model that allosteric regulation of PK is the consequence of perturbation of the distribution of an ensemble of states in which the inactive E^T and active E^R represent the two extreme end states. Sequence differences and ligands can modulate the distribution of states leading to alterations of functions. The future work includes: defining the network of functionally connected residues; elucidating the chemical principles governing the sequence differences which affect functions; and probing the nature of mutations on the stability of the secondary structural elements, which in turn modulate allostery.     

（鱼句）亚科花（鱼骨）型鱼类骨骼系统的比较

对我国花型Hemibarbuspattern鱼类作了骨骼系统比较,结果表明,此类型鱼类脑颅较长,副蝶骨平直或稍弯曲,眶蝶骨腹纵嵴发达(铜鱼Coreius septentrionalis例外),下颞窝和咽突中等大,基枕骨后突发达;脑颅中的上筛骨的后突、侧筛骨的外筛突,蝶耳骨的外突、上耳骨的后突、围眶骨和后颞窝等均有明显的差异;咽颅中的舌颌骨、尾舌骨、鳃盖骨和下咽齿的列数等又有显著的区别;附肢骨骼中的腰带骨、脊椎骨中的复合神经骨和第4椎骨腹侧的悬器等也有不同之处。据此,这些差异和区别可作为属间或种间的分类依据。