一个新的人类锌指蛋白基因ZNF474的cDNA克隆和表达分析

数据库消减杂交就是利用NCBI中的Unigene数据库中大量的数据资源,收集各种细胞或组织的基因表达谱进行两两比较或多重比较,获得两组文库间有统计学意义的差异表达基因。运用NCBI中的数据库消减杂交分析方法,从人睾丸组织中分离了一个含有C2H2结构的新型锌指蛋白基因-ZNF474(GenBank登录号：AY461732)．通过推导和进一步的RT—PCR实验证实：该基因含2个外显子,gDNA在染色体上跨度30065bp,定位于人染色体5q23．1-q23。2．cDNA编码一个含364个氨基酸的新蛋白,分子质量是40．3kDa,等电点为9．59。Northem杂交结果显示：该基因含有2．37kb大小的唯一转录本,主要在睾丸中很强表达,卵巢中有弱表达,而其他组织中该基因无表达．结果提示：ZNF474基因对精子发生和卵母细胞的发育可能起重要作用、     

宁夏回、汉族拇指类型、环食指长、扣手、交叉臂及惯用手的研究

调查了宁夏回、汉族拇指类型,环食指长、扣手,交叉臂及惯用手等5项人类遗传学经典指标,结果显示：（1）2民族间环食指长百分率有极的差异（P＜0．01）,拇指类型,扣手,交叉臂及惯用手百分率无显著性差异（P＞0．05）,（2）拇指类型,扣手,交叉臂及惯用手百分率无性别间差异,男性环指长百分率高于女性,差异显著（P＜0．05）。（3）惯用手与扣手,交叉臂之间存在明显的相互关系,交叉臂与扣手之间无关。     

SOUND PRODUCTION IN THE LARVAE OF GEOTRUPES SPINIGER (MARSHAM) (COLEOPTERA: GEOTRUPIDAE)

ABSTRACT

This paper focuses on sound production in the larvae of Geotrupes spiniger (Marsham) (Coleoptera: Geotrupidae). A single stridulatory apparatus was identified and then analysed from a structural point of view. Sound was studied using spectography and results included a quantitative analysis with characterizing physical parameters. Results highlight the need to study stridulation in Geotrupidae more in detail, to improve our understanding of its evolutionary and biological meaning.     

A more-than-human approach to bioethics: The example of digital health

Digital health technologies are often advocated as a way of helping people monitor, promote and manage their health, care for others and reduce the burden on healthcare systems. Yet these technologies have also been subject to criticism for limiting human flourishing and exacerbating socioeconomic disadvantage. Bioethical appraisals of digital health technologies tend to take a conventional risk-benefit approach, positioning the human subject as a rational, autonomous agent who is acted on by technologies. In this paper, I present a case for adopting an alternative more-than-human perspective on bioethics. A more-than-human approach considers human-technological assemblages and agencies as distributed, relational, situated and emergent. To illustrate the insights that this perspective can offer, I draw on the findings of four empirical projects I have conducted on people’s use of digital devices and platforms used for health-related purposes, including social media groups and online forums, mobile apps and wearable devices. I conclude with the argument that a more-than-human approach to bioethics can begin to incorporate a new ‘zoë ethics’ that can acknowledge and address the deeper affective, multisensory and relational dimensions of humans’ encounters with and enactments of material things and nonhuman creatures.     

Alveolar bone loss in wild baboons

Radiograph-based methods were used to assess alveolar bone loss in 12 juvenile and 18 adult baboons (Papio hamadryas, sensu lato) living in the Awash National Park, Ethiopia. Alveolar bone loss, as measured from the cementoenamel junction to the alveolar crest, averaged about 1 mm in juveniles and about 1.5 mm in adults. Densitometry of alveolar bone from the radiographs provides a baseline for comparisons with other adult baboons. Periodontal disease surveys of baboon populations using such methods may identify potential etiological agents. Such knowledge may contribute to a better understanding of periodontal disease etiology in humans. © 1993 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

Issues in using whole slide imaging for diagnostic pathology: “routine” stains,immunohistochemistry and predictive markers

The traditional microscope, together with the “routine” hematoxylin and eosin (H & E) stain, remains the “gold standard” for diagnosis of cancer and other diseases; remarkably, it and the majority of associated biological stains are more than 150 years old. Immunohistochemistry has added to the repertoire of “stains” available. Because of the need for specific identification and even measurement of “biomarkers,” immunohistochemistry has increased the demand for consistency of performance and interpretation of staining results. Rapid advances in the capabilities of digital imaging hardware and software now offer a realistic route to improved reproducibility, accuracy and quantification by utilizing whole slide digital images for diagnosis, education and research. There also are potential efficiencies in work flow and the promise of powerful new analytical methods; however, there also are challenges with respect to validation of the quality and fidelity of digital images, including the standard H & E stain, so that diagnostic performance by pathologists is not compromised when they rely on whole slide images instead of traditional stained tissues on glass slides.     

The use of digital images to evaluate the interobserver agreement on cervical smear readings in Italian cervical cancer screening

G. Tinacci, A. Biggeri, A. Pellegrini, M.P. Cariaggi, M.L. Schiboni and M. Confortini The use of digital images to evaluate the interobserver agreement on cervical smear readings in Italian cervical cancer screening Objective: The aim of this study was to measure interobserver agreement among cytologists on using a set of digital images. Methods: A set of 90 selected Papanicolaou‐stained cervical smears were digitalized and the digital images circulated among 117 readers, from laboratories spread across almost all Italian regions. Three representative fields of each smear were displayed at 20× and 40× magnification (overall six images for each case). The diagnoses made by the cytologists who provided the images were taken as target diagnoses. Results: The κ values were: very low for the categories atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASC‐US), and atypical squamous cells – cannot exclude high‐grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (ASC‐H); poor for the categories atypical glandular cells (AGC), high‐grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) and invasive cancer; and fair to good for the categories negative and low‐grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL). However, we found a cluster of 42 best concordant readers. The overall κ value and overall weighted κ with the target diagnosis for these 42 readers were 0.45 and 0.66, respectively. This finding is in contrast with the overall κ value and overall weighted κ for the other readers of 0.39 and 0.59, respectively. Conclusions: As this finding is an estimate of the accuracy of the readers, we can infer that it will be very important to reach this level of concordance for all the participating readers. Future effort will facilitate common experiences in order to improve the reproducibility of diagnostic criteria. Digital images could be the key to reach this aim.     

Prediction of potential barcoding sites on ITS1 by wavelet transform

For sustainable development, biodiversity conservation and life-quality improvement must be simultaneously considered. Molecular techniques have greatly impacted biotechnology. These methods have, in particular, improved the capability to investigate the fine differences among organisms and, as a consequence, to better investigate the effects on environmental factors on them. We propose an approach to support the optimal selection of molecular probes for barcoding application in many biotechnological fields. The aim of our work is specificity maximization. To this purpose, we have integrated a filter system based on wavelet transforms with biological knowledge about the sequence proneness to mutation and post-translational modification. Specifically, we have tested the proposed method on ITS1 sequences that are a region of the rRNA locus. Our analysis has shown the presence of other local relative stable conformations in addition to known cleavage site. Their characteristics differ within the group of mammals selected for our analysis. These variations could be used to design new species-specific barcoding probes or other quick molecular screening tools.     

A Theft-Resistant Adjustable Security Box for Digital Cameras

Abstract: Remote camera traps are becoming an increasingly popular, affordable, and valuable tool for wildlife research. However, theft and vandalism of these camera systems can result in substantial financial loss and loss of valuable data. We developed an adjustable steel camera security box to protect our Cuddeback® (Non Typical, Inc., Park Falls, WI) digital scouting cameras. Our cameras were deployed for 160 days and experienced no theft or vandalism during that time. Our armored camera box successfully protected our equipment and data, can be sized to accommodate any brand of camera, and can be used in a variety of field situations.