XIAP及survivin 在原发性肝细胞癌组织中的表达及其相关性研究

目的：探讨X 连锁凋亡抑制蛋白（XIAP）和survivin 在原发性肝细胞癌中的表达及两者的相关性。方法：选取本院收治的60 例原发性肝细胞癌患者,应用免疫组织化学染色的方法对肝癌组织及癌旁组织中的XIAP及survivin 的表达进行检测。结果：经 比较,肝癌组织中XAIP 及survivin 的阳性率均显著高于癌旁组织,差异有统计学意义。XIAP 和survivin 的表达强度与肿瘤的大 小无关,但随肿瘤的分化程度的降低而升高,且不同分化程度之间差异有统计学意义;XIAP 和survivin 存在正相关关系。结论： XIAP与Survivin 在肿瘤组织中的高表达在促进肿瘤发生、增殖、转移以及耐药,并且能够降低肿瘤的分化程度,增加肝癌的恶性 程度。此外,两者可能存在协同作用,但两者的相关性及作用机制仍需进一步探讨。     

Identification of metabolites from 2D 1H-13C HSQC NMR using peak correlation plots

Background

Identification of individual components in complex mixtures is an important and sometimes daunting task in several research areas like metabolomics and natural product studies. NMR spectroscopy is an excellent technique for analysis of mixtures of organic compounds and gives a detailed chemical fingerprint of most individual components above the detection limit. For the identification of individual metabolites in metabolomics, correlation or covariance between peaks in ¹H NMR spectra has previously been successfully employed. Similar correlation of 2D ¹H-¹³C Heteronuclear Single Quantum Correlation spectra was recently applied to investigate the structure of heparine. In this paper, we demonstrate how a similar approach can be used to identify metabolites in human biofluids (post-prostatic palpation urine).

Results

From 50 ¹H-¹³C Heteronuclear Single Quantum Correlation spectra, 23 correlation plots resembling pure metabolites were constructed. The identities of these metabolites were confirmed by comparing the correlation plots with reported NMR data, mostly from the Human Metabolome Database.

Conclusions

Correlation plots prepared by statistically correlating ¹H-¹³C Heteronuclear Single Quantum Correlation spectra from human biofluids provide unambiguous identification of metabolites. The correlation plots highlight cross-peaks belonging to each individual compound, not limited by long-range magnetization transfer as conventional NMR experiments.

Electronic supplementary material

The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12859-014-0413-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.     

Increase trend of correlation and phase synchrony of microwire iEEG before macroseizure onset

Micro/macrowire intracranial EEG (iEEG) signals recorded from implanted micro/macroelectrodes in epileptic patients have received great attention and are considered to include much information of neuron activities in seizure transition compared to scalp EEG from cortical electrodes. Microelectrode is contacted more close to neurons than macroelectrode and it is more sensitive to neuron activity changes than macroelectrode. Microwire iEEG recordings are inevitably advantageous over macrowire iEEG recordings to reveal neuronal mechanisms contributing to the generation of seizures. In this study, we investigate the seizure generation from microwire iEEG recordings and discuss synchronization of microwire iEEGs in four frequency bands: alpha (1−30 Hz), gamma (30−80 Hz), ripple (80–250 Hz), and fast ripple (>250 Hz) via two measures: correlation and phase synchrony. We find that an increase trend of correlation or phase synchrony exists before the macroseizure onset mostly in gamma and ripple bands where the duration of the preictal states varied in different seizures ranging up to a few seconds (minutes). This finding is contrast to the well-known result that a decrease of synchronization in macro domains exists before the macroseizure onset. The finding demonstrates that it is only when the seizure has recruited enough surrounding brain tissue does the signal become strong enough to be observed on the clinical macroelectrode and as a result support the hypothesis of progressive coalescence of microseizure domains. The potential ramifications of such an early detection of microscale seizure activity may open a new window on treatment by making possible disruption of seizure activity before it becomes fully established.     

急性心肌梗死患者肠道优势菌群分析

目的探讨急性心肌梗死患者肠道优势菌群的改变及其与疾病严重程度的关系。方法共筛选急性心肌梗死患者71名及正常健康体检者33名,急性心肌梗死患者根据是否心衰分为急性心肌梗死组36名和急性心肌梗死伴泵衰竭组35名,所有入选者收集大便及血清标本,分别采用qPCR及化学发光仪测定肠道优势菌群改变和血清脑钠肽前体及肌钙蛋白水平。结果急性心肌梗死患者肠道优势菌群显著改变,肠道肠杆菌以及肠球菌细菌数量较对照组显著增加,均与脑钠肽前体、肌钙蛋白、Killip分级显著正相关,而双歧杆菌、乳酸杆菌等细菌数量显著降低,与脑钠肽前体、肌钙蛋白、Killip分级显著负相关。结论急性心肌梗死患者呈现典型的肠道菌群紊乱,且与患者疾病严重程度相关。     

系统性红斑狼疮合并感染病原菌与降钙素原的相关性分析

目的探讨降钙素原（PCT）在判断系统性红斑狼疮（SLE）合并感染病原菌中临床价值。方法采用回顾性研究,选取2011年1月至2013年6月住院的SLE合并感染患者98例。研究各种病原菌与PCT浓度的相关性,计算SLE合并感染革兰阴性菌、革兰阳性菌、真菌及支原体、病毒患者的PCT浓度。结果SLE合并感染病原体的PCT浓度：革兰阴性菌组〉革兰阳性菌组〉真菌及支原体组〉病毒组。结论SLE合并感染病原菌与降钙素原水平有一定的相关性,定量检测PCT可辅助诊断SLE合并感染病原菌种。     

人巨细胞病毒抗体检测方法的应用研究

目的确定用于筛选人巨细胞病毒(HCMV)IgG阳性血浆的ELISA试剂和用于HCMV免疫球蛋白成品检定的中和试验方法。方法比较目前国内外现有的人巨细胞病毒IgG抗体检测方法(3家ELISA试剂和3种病毒中和试验)的相关性。结果德国赛润和意大利德塞的ELISA试剂与成都蓉生微量中和试验及台湾宝血的蚀斑减少中和试验的相关性很好(r299%)。结论从成本和使用便利性考虑,建议使用意大利德赛的ELISA试剂盒用于原料血浆的筛选,使用成都蓉生的微量中和试验作为成品效价检定的方法。     

Hydrolysis Rates of Different Small Interfering RNAs (siRNAs) by the RNA Silencing Promoter Complex,C3PO,Determines Their Regulation by Phospholipase Cβ

C3PO plays a key role in promoting RNA-induced gene silencing. C3PO consists of two subunits of the endonuclease translin-associated factor X (TRAX) and six subunits of the nucleotide-binding protein translin. We have found that TRAX binds strongly to phospholipase Cβ (PLCβ), which transmits G protein signals from many hormones and sensory inputs. The association between PLCβ and TRAX is thought to underlie the ability of PLCβ to reverse gene silencing by small interfering RNAs. However, this reversal only occurs for some genes (e.g. GAPDH and LDH) but not others (e.g. Hsp90 and cyclophilin A). To understand this specificity, we carried out studies using fluorescence-based methods. In cells, we find that PLCβ, TRAX, and their complexes are identically distributed through the cytosol suggesting that selectivity is not due to large scale sequestration of either the free or complexed proteins. Using purified proteins, we find that PLCβ binds ∼5-fold more weakly to translin than to TRAX but ∼2-fold more strongly to C3PO. PLCβ does not alter TRAX-translin assembly to C3PO, and brightness studies suggest one PLCβ binds to one C3PO octamer without a change in the number of TRAX/translin molecules suggesting that PLCβ binds to an external site. Functionally, we find that C3PO hydrolyzes siRNA(GAPDH) at a faster rate than siRNA(Hsp90). However, when PLCβ is bound to C3PO, the hydrolysis rate of siRNA(GAPDH) becomes comparable with siRNA(Hsp90). Our results show that the selectivity of PLCβ toward certain genes lies in the rate at which the RNA is hydrolyzed by C3PO.     

北京猿人第一头盖骨出土于第10层还是第11层?——与林圣龙先生商榷

北京猿人第一头盖骨的出土层位历来在学者当中存在争议。由于周口店第一地点堆积环境的复杂性以及早年发掘记录方面不可避免的一些缺陷,导致这一问题至今没有得到有效的解决。本文通过对北京猿人遗址发掘历史及堆积状况的综合对比分析,提出:北京猿人第一头盖骨出土层位相当于现今西壁剖面的第10层,即综合剖面的第11层。     

麋鹿繁殖行为和粪样激素水平变化的关系

１９９７年７－９月和１９９８年３－７月间,在江苏大麋鹿保护区共观察到麋鹿的２７种繁殖行为,雄鹿有１７种,雌鹿有１０种,在１９９８年３－７月间,利用放射免疫分析法（ＲＩＡ）测定了鹿麋样中的性激素水平,包括雄鹿的睾酮,雌鹿的酮,雌鹿的孕酮、雌二醇和雌三醇。实验结果表明：１许多繁殖行为的发生频次和持续时间表现出明显的季节变化（Ｐ〈０．０５）,如雄鹿的求偶行为、标记行为和性行为及雌鹿的性行为等在发情期有一     

异型增生上皮和口腔鳞癌组织EGFR和PCNA表达意义及相关性研究

采用免疫组化S－P法研究表皮生长因子受体（EGFR）、增殖核抗原（PCNA）在口腔粘膜上皮异型增生及口腔鳞癌组织中的表达意义及其相互关系。结果表明,EGFR及PCNA的正常口腔粘膜上皮为阴性或仅在上皮基底层有少量阳性表达。上皮异型增生时,随病变程度加重,阳性表达呈递增趋势（P＜0.01）,至重度异型增生时,PCNA表达与鳞癌无显性差异（P＞0.05）,EGFR表达甚至超过高分化鳞癌。口腔鳞癌组织随分化程度降低,阳性表达率相应增加（P＜0.01）。EGFR表达与PCNA表达有明显相关性（P＜0.01）。EGFR和PCNA可作为评估和监测口腔粘膜上皮恶变潜能,判断口腔鳞癌恶性度的有用标记物。