Transformation of Orychophragmus violaceus Using Agrobacterium tumefaciens And Regeneration of Transgenic Plants

ＴｒａｎｓｆｏｒｍａｔｉｏｎｏｆＯｒｙｃｈｏｐｈｒａｇｍｕｓｖｉｏｌａｃｅｕｓＵｓｉｎｇＡｇｒｏｂａｃｔｅｒｉｕｍｔｕｍｅｆａｃｉｅｎｓＡｎｄＲｅｇｅｎｅｒａｔｉｏｎｏｆＴｒａｎｓｇｅｎｉｃＰｌａｎｔｓａ￥ＺＨＯＵＪｉ－ｍｉｎｇ（周冀明）;ＷＥＩＺｈ...     

包囊游仆虫休眠包囊的超微结构研究

包囊游仆虫休眠包囊中,各类纤毛器的纤毛基体上方的大部分纤毛杆退化,或仅保留毛基体,有时部分额腹棘毛的毛基体也瓦解消失。残留纤毛的纤毛杆周围微管和中央微管仍具有“9 2”结构特征,也有少数纤毛杆出现2套“9 2”微管共处于一层纤毛膜内的现象。毛基体中周围三联体微管的中央形成微管形结构聚合体,基体附属结构仅存在基体间连接及纤毛器托架的残余物;非纤毛区皮层表膜下未见微管层。纤毛区皮层含纤毛器腔周围微管层(相当于表膜下微管层)、纤毛器深部及附近的微管束和分散的微管群。并且,纤毛区皮层囊泡内含有呈不同形态的纤毛杆结构;大核核孔明显变大,核孔数目减少,核孔内膜附着染色质。     

几种细胞分裂素诱导石竹外植体直接再分化成花芽的机理

用ＭＳ＋２,４－Ｄ０．１ｍｇ／Ｌ为基本培养基,分别附加不同浓度的ＺＴ、ＢＡ和ＫＴ,对石竹的叶片、茎和花等外植体直接再分化成花芽的试验表明：叶片的外植体在有ＢＡ时可再分化出只有红色花瓣的不正常花芽;在含ＺＴ的培养基中再分化出具有１～２片叶或无叶的花芽,其花有两性花,雌花和仅单个雌蕊的不正常花,两性花可发育成结籽的果实;ＫＴ未能诱导花芽分化。茎外植体,３种ＣＴＫ都不能诱导出花芽。花等外植体仅在ＫＴ３ｍｇ／Ｌ的培养中再分化出无叶的不正常花芽,ＺＴ和ＢＡ的处理均不能诱导出花芽。     

c-fos expression in the amygdala:In vivo antisense modulation and role in anxiety

Summary 1. The amygdaloid complex is a key structure in mechanisms of fear and anxiety. Expression of the immediate-early gene c-fos has been reported in the central nucleus of the amygdala following various stressors, but the functional role of this phenomenon has remained unknown.2. c-fos expression was observed in the central nucleus when rats were subjected to a pharmacologically validated animal model of anxiety, the Vogel conflict test, but not after mere exposure to the test apparatus. Bilateral amygdala injection of a 15-mer phosphorothioate c-fos antisense oligodeoxynucleotide prior to testing blocked conflict-induced c-fos expression and had behavioral effects similar to those of established antianxiety drugs.3. Separate experiments determined that antisense treatment did not affect conflict behavior by acting on shock thresholds or drinking motivation.4. These findings provide evidence that neuronal activation and c-fos induction in the amygdala may be of importance for mechanisms of fear and anxiety.     

日本血吸虫尾蚴发育的超微结构观察:Ⅰ.体被局部剖析

本文根据日本血吸虫尾蚴发育分期,除胚细胞（ＳＩ）已有报道（胡敏等,１９９１）外,对胚球期（Ｓ２）、尾蚴雏体期（Ｓ３）、成熟前期（Ｓ４）及成熟期（Ｓ５）在透射电镜对体被及其要素（ｔｅｇｕｍｅｎｔａｌ ｅｌｅｍｅｎｔｓ）进行剖析。结果原（始）体被最早出现于Ｓ２,表性分布。随后（Ｓ３—Ｓ５）消失而为真正体被所取代。体被皱褶亦随高隆。基膜及体棘为各期基本结构。感觉乳突于Ｓ３、Ｓ４出现。到了Ｓ５渐趋复杂而完善并对其结构作了较精细的描述。糖膜直至成熟期（Ｓ５）才出现,为尾期成熟的标志。近期对糖膜组份有较深入的研究并对其生理功能进行讨论。     

Multiple genotypes of mitochondrial DNA within a horse population from a small region in Yunnan province of China

mtDNA genotypes of six domestic horses (three adult short horses whose heights are under 1 m and three common domestic horses) from a small region of 15 km² in Malipo county of Yunnan province of China were investigated by the technique of restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) with 16 restriction endonucleases which recognize 6-bp sequences. An average of 56 fragments for an individual was obtained. Unlike other domestic animals, this population of horses exhibits high mtDNA genetic diversity. Each of the six horses has a specific mtDNA genotype showing a pattern of multiple maternal origins, as suggested by fossil and literature records. We think the population of horses is an amazing seed-resource pool of horses and hence deserves to be paid more attention from the view of conservation genetics. However, it is also remarkable that we did not find any typical mtDNA genetic markers which would discriminate between short horses and common domestic horses.     

大鼠心脏血压超负荷诱导左心室HSP70基因表达

本工作应用热休克蛋白７０（ＨＳＰ７０）核酸分子杂交方法,测定了大鼠腹主动脉缩窄后左心室ＨＳＰ７０ｍＲＮＡ的水平。结果表明：大鼠腹主动脉缩窄后４ｈ,动脉血压已明显升高,并持续在高水平上;大鼠左心室重／体重比在第三天开始增加,然后持续升高,第４周时比对照组增加５９％;左心室ＨＳＰ７０ｍＲＮＡ在腹主动脉缩窄后４ｈ已明显升高,１ｄ,２ｄ,１ｗ均维持在高水平,１ｗ后逐渐消失。实验结果提示：大鼠心肌负荷增加早期,左心室ＨＳＰ７０ｍＲＮＡ表达明显增加。     

MPEG－SOD对急性低氧下鼠左心功能的保护作用

单甲氧基聚乙二醇（ＭＰＥＧ）活化后与超氧化物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）偶联,经纯化后得到ＭＰＥＧ－ＳＯＤ,鉴定其分子量约为７．０×１０５Ｄａｔｉｏｎ。其在血液循环中酶活性半衰期超过３０ｈ,远大于天然ＳＯＤ（６－１０ｍｉｎ）。ＳＤ雄性大鼠分三组．对照组（ｎ＝８．由股静脉注入０．２ｍｌ生理盐水）、ＮａｔｉｖｅＳＯＤ组（ｎ＝８,注以０．２ｍｌ生理盐水配的８００ＵＳＯＤ）和ＭＰＥＧ－ＳＯＤ组（ｎ＝９,注以８００ＵＭＰＥＧ－ＳＯＤ）。低氧前三组鼠的心率（ＨＲ）、左室内峰压（ＬＶＰ）、左室压微分（ＬＶ±ｄｐ／ｄｔｍａｘ）和股动脉压（ＡＰ）均无统计学差别。在模拟６０００—６５００ｍ高度急性低氧１．８．１４ｍｉｎ记录上述各项指标,结果如下：除ＨＲ外,ＮａｔｉｖｅＳＯＤ组与对照组各指标均无统计学差别,ＭＰＥＧ－ＳＯＤ组的各项指标均明显高于对照组。表明ＭＰＥＧ－ＳＯＤ对急性低氧导致的左心室力学指标的减弱有明显保护作用,提示超氧自由基（Ｏ２－）在急性低氧导致左心室功能损伤中起重要作用,即可能是由Ｏ２－及其衍生的其它自由基损害心肌细胞生物膜系统所致。     

P物质对GABAA和GABAB受体介导的DRG神经元膜反应的调制作用

实验在幼年大鼠ＤＲＧ标本上进行。应用细胞内记录观察了ＳＰ对ＧＡＢＡ反应的调制作用。结果证明：（１）单独滴加ＳＰ（５×１０（－６）－４×１０（－５）ｍｏｌ／Ｌ）或浴槽灌流ＳＰ（１０（－６）－５×１０（－６）ｍｏｌ／Ｌ）不引起膜电位的改变或仅有轻微的去极化,但却能使ＧＡＢＡ引起的去极化反应减小５０．８±２０．２％（±ＳＤ）（２０／３０）;（２）单独滴加ＳＰ可使多数受检细胞ＡＰＤ５０延长２８．７±９．１％（±ＳＤ）（１０／１８）;（３）在预加ＳＰ后,能使ｂａｃｌｏｆｅｎ所引起的ＡＰＤ５０缩短效应（２０．６±２．９％,±ＳＤ）完全消除（４／１２）或翻转成ＡＰＤ（５０）延长１９．３±８．９％（±ＳＤ）（８／１２）;（４）预加ＧＡＢＡＢ受体激动剂ｂａｃｌｏｆｅｎ（１０（－４）－１０（－３）ｍｏｌ／Ｌ）３０—９０ｓ后明显地抑制ｍｕｓｃｉｍｏｌ（１０－４－１０－３ｍｏｌ／Ｌ）引起的去极化反应,其抑制效应达５４．４±１８．８％（±ＳＤ）（１７／２０）。由于ＤＲＧ神经元的胞体通常可用来作为研究初级传入终末的模型,因而本文实验结果提示：介导伤害性刺激信息的Ｐ物质在背角的释放,可能作用于初级传入终末,从而产生对抗ＧＡＢＡ介导的突触     

DOCA—Salt高血压大鼠模型的一种简易制备方法：DOCA硅胶管皮下埋入法

用外径４ｍｍ,内径２．５０ｍｍ的硅胶管制成长２５ｍｍ,管内填入ＤＯＣＡ１００ｍｇ,管壁钻有１０一１４个直径约３００μｍ微孔的药管,埋入雄性ＳＤ大鼠（１４０±９ｇ）右下腹皮下,摘除一侧肾脏,术后喂１％盐水。埋管后３周即可形成高血压,埋管后８周大鼠的收缩压达２３．３±０．３７ｋＰａ。而ＤＯＣＡ皮下注射组大鼠（１０ｍｇ／周）术后５周形成高血压,术后１３周大鼠的收缩压达２３．３±０．６６ｋＰａ。两组升压曲线回归系数（１．２９５和０．６９２）之间的差异有极显著性意义（Ｐ＜０．００１）。对照鼠的收缩压一直保持在正常水平（１６±０．１６ｋＰａ）。与ＤＯＣＡ皮下注射法相比,皮下埋管法具有两个显著优点：（１）升压速率较快,升压幅度较大;（２）方法简便可靠,重复性好。