Effects of traces of rare earth elements on the protozoanBlepherisma and on mice

The growth of the protozoanBlepherisma is stimulated by Lanthanum (La) at concentrations as low as 0.32 ppm. In mice Yttrium (Y) and Ytterbium (Yb) are absorbed, accumulated, and metabolized. Both rare earth elements (RE) exhibit a high affinity for teeth and bones, accumulation occurs and metabolism is slow. In the livers of RE-exposed mice, concentrations are variable. The liver is apparently capable of absorbing and discharging RE in a manner depending on metabolic activity. The main route of discharge for ingested REs is the alimentary canal. Exposure of pregnant mice to RE leads to rapid placental transfer of RE; 14.1% of the total amount of RE administered was detected in newborn mice. Young, developing organisms appear to be especially susceptible to RE accumulation.     

向日葵幼胚培养中体细胞胚胎发生的观察

1.向日葵不同品种体细胞胚胎发生的情况不同。2.较高浓度的蔗糖有利于向日葵幼胚的体细胞胚胎发生。3.在同样条件下,2mm长的幼胚较其它时期的幼胚体细胞胚胎发生的频率高。4.在蔗糖浓度为17.5％并分别加入0.5—10.0ppm玉米素的Nitsch培养基中,向日葵幼胚产生体细胞胚胎发生的频率随着玉米素浓度的增高而增加。5. 2,4-D能使体细胞胚胎发生,但不能分化器官。6.切片观察表明:在含玉米素的培养基上,幼胚产生了胚性细胞团和胚状体。并多数发生于子叶与下胚轴的深层。胚性细胞团周围细胞退化,使其与周围组织之间形成间隙。     

Inhibition of gastric acid secretion by peptide YY is independent of gastric somatostatin release in the rat

The purpose of this study was to determine whether the inhibitory action of peptide YY (PYY) on gastric acid secretion is attributable to the release of gastric somatostatin in rats. Two groups of rats (six rats/group) were anesthetized with urethane and prepared with gastric fistulas and jugular catheters. Pentagastrin (18 micrograms/kg-h) was given intravenously for 150 min to stimulate gastric acid secretion. Intravenous PYY (130 micrograms/kg-h) inhibited pentagastrin-stimulated gastric acid secretion significantly (P less than 0.05). Administration of iv PYY resulted in a 41% reduction (P less than 0.05) in pentagastrin-stimulated gastric acid secretion. In another group of anesthetized rats, administration of PYY (10(-7), 10(-8) M) failed to stimulate a release of somatostatin from the isolated-perfused rat stomach. Our findings indicate that PYY can inhibit gastric acid secretion independently of release of gastric somatostatin in the rat.     

蓝藻原生质球研究的现状及存在问题

在原生质体(球)技术方面,蓝藻也许是一种最为困难的材料了。蓝藻原生质球的研究工作起步不算很晚,但进展不快。直到现在,作为一项可以用于遗传操作的基本技术还没有建立起来。这主要表现在,原生质球的再生问题没有解决;此外,在基本分离制备方面也存在不少问题。而对于植物、真菌、细菌、放线菌和绿藻,这些问题都早已     

青霉素对蓝藻细胞的作用

1967年,Biggins首次报道通过溶菌酶处理获得了有生活力的篇藻(Phormidium luridum)原生质球。此后,虽然许多作者在这方面作了不少工作,但原生质球的再生和融合问题至今没有得到解决。再生和融合与分离制备方法密切相关,因此,     

不同季节银木叶精油化学成分的研究

用毛细管气相色谱-质谱-计算机联用技术、毛细管气相色谱双柱保留指数法和双柱标准品叠加法分析了不同季节银木叶精油化学成分。从分离出来的207—250个色谱峰中,初步鉴定出59个成分,被鉴定成分的总量占精油总组成的94.45—98.92%,其主要成分随采油季节不同而有所不同。     

大鼠应激性胃粘膜损害与eAMPCa~2及能量代谢变化的关系

本文采用放射免疫测定法、原子吸收光谱分析法和生化酶分析法,测定了大鼠在经受束缚加浸水急性应激四小时内,胃组织cAMP Ca~(2+)及在ATP、ADP、AMP和能量代谢的短期动态变化,同时观察了胃粘膜的损害程度。结果发现胃粘膜损害面积密度随着应激时间延长而逐渐增加;胃组织cAMP和Ca~(2+)则进行性降低;两者呈密切负相关;胃组织能量代谢却略有增强。若预先给以CaCl_2,再予应激,则有减轻应激性胃粘膜损害的作用。     

鲤鳃表面结构扫描电镜研究

鲤的鳃丝表面显示了由三边形一六边形不等的表皮细胞,呈现出各种图案式的结构。     

固定化酶的微环境效应—载体离子基团性质的影响

作者合成了阴离子型和阳离子型葡聚糖,以此为载体,用CNBr活化其剩余羟基,固定化了葡萄糖淀粉酶和葡萄糖异构酶。就离子型载体对固定化酶的蛋白载量、最适pH和热稳定性等的影响做了考察。发现固定化酶的蛋白载量不仅与载体的电性质有关,也与酶分子自身的电性质有关。当载体电性质与酶蛋白电性质相反时,固定化酶的蛋白载量增加,热稳定性提高、载体电性质与酶蛋白电性质相同时,固定化酶的蛋白载量不变或下降,其热稳定性不变。作者还发现当离子型载体孔度和体系缓冲液浓度一定时,酶分子能否进入多孔性载体内部,对其最适pH是否变化影响极大。若酶分子仅被连接在载体的外表层,其最适pH不发生变化,反之亦然。作者还观察到当多糖类载体引入氨基或羧基后,大大增强了其抵抗微生物侵蚀的能力。