影响山西肉用绵羊母本品系生长性状的非遗传因素分析

为研究非遗传因素对山西肉用绵羊母本品系的初生重、断奶重(100日龄)、6月龄重和周岁重的影响,收集了山西肉用绵羊母本品系育种记录.利用SPSS 19.0的GLM过程分析性别、出生年份、出生月份、母亲年龄、出生类型对山西肉用绵羊母本品系生长性状的的影响.结果表明:性别仅对6月龄重有极显著影响(P＜0.01),对初生重、断奶重、周岁重影响显著(P＜0.05);出生年份对初生重和断奶重有极显著影响(P＜0.01),对6月龄重和周岁重影响显著(P＜0.05);出生月份对6月龄重有极显著影响(P＜0.01),对初生重、断奶重和周岁重无影响(P＞0.05);母亲年龄对初生重影响显著(P＜0.05),对6月龄重影响极显著(P＜0.01),而对断奶重和周岁重无影响(P＞0.05);出生类型对6月龄重有显著影响(P＜0.05),对初生重和断奶重有极显著影响(P＜0.01).本分析结果对山西肉用绵羊母本品系的进一步选育和生产具有重要参考价值.     

从急性腹泻儿童中检出的人博卡病毒2型的研究

为了调查北京地区急性腹泻患儿中人博卡病毒2型（HBoV2）的流行情况并了解这一病毒的基因组特征,本研究收集2010年11月至2011年10月到首都儿科研究所附属儿童医院门诊就诊的急性腹泻患儿的粪便标本553例,采用荧光实时PCR进行HBoV2 DNA的检测。选择2例病毒载量较高的阳性标本进行HBoV2各基因片段的扩增并测序。将所测到的序列进行拼接后得到完整的基因组序列并与GenBank中的相关序列进行比较分析。结果显示,553例粪便标本中共检出HBoV2阳性标本15例,阳性率为2.7%;各年龄组中,3~6月龄患儿中的HBoV2 DNA阳性检出率最高（4.1%）;所检年度中,7月份阳性检出率最高（7.0%）;15例HBoV2检测阳性的患儿年龄均在2岁以下,其中4例患儿同时检出了诺如病毒,3例患儿同时检出了轮状病毒,1例检出了腺病毒。经测序得到两株接近完整的HBoV2基因组序列BJQ19和BJQ390;序列分析表明,这两株序列的同源性为99.2%,与GenBank中的FJ375129同源性最高,分别为99.1%和99.2%,为典型的HBoV2。上述结果表明,北京地区部分儿童的急性腹泻可能与HBoV2感染相关,且HBoV2感染在低年龄组儿童中更为常见。     

不同品系大鼠RTI基因抗原表达数量的研究

目的研究不同品系大鼠RT1A、RT1B和RT1D基因表达的抗原总数量,以及在CD4＋T细胞和CD8＋T细胞上表达的数量,为免疫学研究提供数据支持。方法采集四种品系BN、Lewis、F344、SHR大鼠的静脉血,制备淋巴细胞,与有荧光标记的单克隆抗体反应,应用流式细胞术检测抗原数量。结果发现RT1A、RT1B和RT1D基因表达的抗原在不同品系大鼠体内表达的数量不同,其中F344大鼠表达的RT1A抗原最多,BN大鼠表达的RT1B抗原和RT1D抗原均为最多。RT1A、RT1B和RT1D基因表达的抗原在CD4＋T细胞和CD8＋T细胞上表达的数量也不同,Lewis大鼠在CD4＋T细胞上表达的RT1A抗原最多,BN大鼠在CD4＋T细胞上表达的RT1B和RT1D抗原最多。F344大鼠在CD8＋T细胞上表达的RT1A抗原最多;F344大鼠在CD8＋T细胞上表达的RT1B和RT1D抗原最多。同一品系大鼠之间雌雄动物RT1A、RT1B和RT1D基因表达的抗原也不同。结论不同品系大鼠RT1A、RT1B和RT1D基因的抗原总表达数量之间差异有显著性,在CD4＋T细胞上和CD8＋T细胞上表达的数量差异也有显著性。     

NIRF在体内外可明显抑制乙型肝炎病毒抗原的表达

随着对NIRF（Np95/ICBP-90 like RING finger protein）研究的深入,其功能已涉及细胞癌变进程以及表观遗传学等领域. 近期研究显示,NIRF能与HBc (hepatitis B virus core protein )相互结合,但其对乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)抗原表达的影响尚不明确. 本文通过转染pAAV-HBV1.3质粒和高压水动力法尾静脉注射BALB/C小鼠,建立乙型肝炎病毒的细胞和动物模型,研究NIRF对乙型肝炎病毒抗原表达的影响. ELISA检测细胞上清和小鼠血清中HBsAg、HBeAg的分泌和表达情况,Western 印迹或免疫组化染色技术检测HBcAg. 结果显示,乙型肝炎病毒抗原分泌的细胞以及小动物模型建立成功,并且无论在体内外,NIRF都能对它们的表达起抑制作用,期待能为后续的HBV致病机理以及治疗药物的研究提供支持与帮助.     

GA3对含笑花粉萌发及花粉管生长的影响

以含笑(Michelia figo)花粉为试材,采用花粉离体培养法,研究GA3对含笑花粉萌发和花粉管生长的影响。结果表明,GA3可以促进含笑花粉提早萌发,20～200 mg/L GA3对含笑花粉萌发和花粉管生长起促进作用,浓度超过200 mg/L花粉萌发和花粉管生长均受到抑制。以GA3200 mg/L的促进作用最好。     

砷还原菌群对砷的还原作用及菌群的多样性分析

从砷污染土壤中富集砷抗性细菌,在厌氧环境中进行培养,观察其对砷的还原能力。结果表明：在21 h之内,As(V)就被完全还原为As(Ⅲ);培养72 h后,培养基中出现黄色沉淀,采用X射线衍射分析(XRD)和扫描电镜-能谱分析(SEM-EDS)技术对沉淀进行分析表明,沉淀主要是以3种晶型存在的硫化砷(AsS);培养150 h后,大约有65%的As以上述沉淀的方式从溶液中移除。此外,本文还采用了构建16S rDNA文库的方式对该体系中的微生物种群进行分析,利用RFLP技术对16S rDNA片段进行分型,共得到72个操作单元类型(OTU),其中6个OTU占了库容的51%,从这6个OTU中各选取1个克隆进行测序,结果表明,富集到的砷还原细菌属于喜热菌属(Caloramator)、梭菌属(Clostridium)和杆菌属(Bacillus)。     

A cytosolic class I small heat shock protein, RcHSP17.8, of Rosa chinensis confers resistance to a variety of stresses to Escherichia coli, yeast and Arabidopsis thaliana

Among the heat shock proteins (HSPs) of higher plants, those belonging to the small HSP (sHSP) family remain the least characterized in functional terms. To improve our understanding of sHSPs, we have characterized RcHSP17.8 from Rosa chinensis . Sequence alignments and phylogenetic analysis reveal this to be a cytosolic class I sHSP. RcHSP17.8 expression in R. chinensis was induced by heat, cold, salt, drought, osmotic and oxidative stresses. Recombinant RcHSP17.8 was overexpressed in Escherichia coli and yeast to study its possible function under stress conditions. The recombinant E. coli and yeast cells that accumulated RcHSP17.8 showed improved viability under thermal, salt and oxidative stress conditions compared with control cultures. We also produced transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana that constitutively expressed RcHSP17.8. These plants exhibited increased tolerance to heat, salt, osmotic and drought stresses. These results suggest that R. chinensis cytosolic class I sHSP (RcHSP17.8) has the ability to confer stress resistance not only to E. coli and yeast but also to plants grown under a wide variety of unfavorable environmental conditions.     

近交系剑尾鱼的STR遗传检测技术

目的建立近交系实验用鱼DNA检测方法,用于遗传质量控制。方法以RR-B、RW-H、BY-F三个近交系剑尾鱼的基因组DNA为主要研究对象,并以非选育剑尾鱼作对照,采用STR（short tandem repeat）引物扩增方法检测不同品系在DNA上的异同。设计10对STR引物,优化PCR电泳条件,使用相同的实验条件进行重复,以得到可靠的扩增条带,筛选出特异性引物。结果有4对引物可扩增出稳定条带,1对引物（AY204223）的PCR扩增条带在非选育群中表现多态性,在RR-B与BY-F系表型一致,与RW-H表型不同。这些STR位点能够区分剑尾鱼三个近交系品系。结论STR检测技术可望用于近交系剑尾鱼的遗传质量监测。     

Preinduction of HSP70 promotes hypoxic tolerance and facilitates acclimatization to acute hypobaric hypoxia in mouse brain

It has been shown that induction of HSP70 by administration of geranylgeranylacetone (GGA) leads to protection against ischemia/reperfusion injury. The present study was performed to determine the effect of GGA on the survival of mice and on brain damage under acute hypobaric hypoxia. The data showed that the mice injected with GGA survived significantly longer than control animals (survival time of 9.55 ± 3.12 min, n = 16 vs. controls at 4.28 ± 4.29 min, n = 15, P < 0.005). Accordingly, the cellular necrosis or degeneration of the hippocampus and the cortex induced by sublethal hypoxia for 6 h could be attenuated by preinjection with GGA, especially in the CA2 and CA3 regions of the hippocampus. In addition, the activity of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) of the hippocampus and the cortex was increased after exposure to sublethal hypoxia for 6 h but could be inhibited by the preinjection of GGA. Furthermore, the expression of HSP70 was significantly increased at 1 h after GGA injection. These results suggest that administration of GGA improved survival rate and prevented acute hypoxic damage to the brain and that the underlying mechanism involved induction of HSP70 and inhibition of NOS activity.     

Heat shock protein 90 is involved in regulation of hypoxia-driven proliferation of embryonic neural stem/progenitor cells

Hypoxia may regulate the proliferation of diverse stem cells. Our previous study showed that hypoxia promoted the proliferation of embryonic neural stem/progenitor cells (NPCs) and that hypoxia inducible factor-1(HIF-1) was critical in this process. HIF-1 could be stabilized under hypoxic conditions, and heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) is an essential protein that controls the activity and stabilization of HIF-1α. In the present work, we investigate whether HSP90 is involved in proliferation of NPCs under hypoxia by regulating HIF-1α stabilization. Geldanamycin (GA), an HSP90 inhibitor, decreased the expression of HIF-1α in NPCs during hypoxia-driven proliferation and reduced the expression level of HIF-1α protein under hypoxia in a time-dependent manner. The proliferation of NPCs induced by hypoxia was inhibited after GA treatment for 24 h. Another HSP90 inhibitor, radicicol, had the same effect on NPCs as GA. Furthermore, the expression of erythropoietin (EPO) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in NPCs under hypoxia was suppressed by GA. The above data indicated that HSP90 might be involved in regulation of hypoxia-driven proliferation. Both institutes have contributed equally to this work.