Expression of betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase gene and salinity tolerance in rice transgenic plants

Betaine as one of osmolytes plays an important role in osmoregulation of most high plants. Betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase C BADH) is the second enzyme involved in betaine biosynthesis. The BADH gene from a halophite, Atriplex hortensis, was transformed into rice cultivars by bombarment method. Totally 192 transgenic rice plants were obtained and most of them had higher salt tolerance than controls. Among transgenic plants transplanted in the saline pool containing 0.5% NaCl in a greenhouse, 22 survived, 13 of which set seeds, and the frequency of seed setting was very low, only 10% . But the controls could not grow under the same condition. The results of BADH ac-tivity assay and Northern blot showed that the BADH gene was integrated into chromosomes of transgenic plants and expressed.     

中国Btken-Ag的特性及其杀虫毒肽的研究

苏芸金芽孢杆菌肯尼亚亚种Ag株(Bacillus thuringiensis serovar.kenyae strainAg,以下简称为Btken-Ag)是血清型H4a-4c中对棉铃虫、粘虫等多种夜蛾科害虫具有高毒力的优良品系,经生理生化、H抗原、酯酶谱、抗生谱和质粒谱等性状比较分析,与标准株肯尼亚亚种023大体相同,但其质粒谱及伴孢晶体多肽组分与023明显有别.该菌株伴孢晶体多形,其主要杀虫成分为61000多肽,经ELISA同源分析,此毒肽与同血清型中的023、7501晶体蛋白高度同源,与商品生产株H3a-3b—HD-1株部分同源,与对蚊虫高效的H14-1897及球形芽孢杆菌Ts-1无同源性.此外,对H4中10株相关株、H7-5、HD-1及1897共13株进行了对棉铃虫、粘虫及蚊虫的杀虫毒力比较测定,其中Btken-Ag的优选株H4-1及b1-4对棉铃虫的毒力高于023株及HD-1株.     

沙坡头人工固沙区的种子库动态

沙坡头人工固沙区的土壤种子库中共有４６种植物的种子,属于１７个科。其中菊科植物最多,达１１种;其次为藜科,７种;禾本科７种;豆科４种。既是现有植被组分种,其种子又存在于种子库中的,占总种数的３３．３％ 。油蒿（Ａｒｔｅｍ ｉｓｉａ ｏｒｄｏｓｉｃａ）、花棒（Ｈｅｄｙｓａｒｕｍ ｓｃｏｐａｒｉｕｍ ）和柠条（Ｃａｒａｇａｎａ ｋｏｒｓｈｉｎｓｋｉｉ）的种子产量为５４５±６７６．７３粒／ｍ ２、６．６７±１３．７４粒／ｍ ２、０．０３２±２．４３×１０－ ３粒／ｍ ２。油蒿在植株上成熟时不受虫害,而花棒、柠条的种子受害比例分别为３１．９２％ 和８３．２９％ 。在最适埋藏深度下,油蒿、柠条、花棒种子的累积发芽率分别可达７８．３％ 、８５．０％ 和６６．７％ ;萌发速度：油蒿＞ 柠条＞ 花棒。根据种子库动态分析和植被调查结果可初步预测：沙坡头人工固沙植被的演替趋向将是灌木以油蒿为主,草本以雾冰藜（Ｂａｓｓｉａ ｄａｓｙｐｈｙｌｌａ）、小画眉草（Ｅｒａｇｒｏｓｔｉｓｐｏａｅｏｉｄｅｓ）为主的群落     

中国主要五针松群落学特征及其生物量的研究

本文根据现有的文献资料,系统地分析了中国五针松的分布．群落学特征,按不同分布区、不同群落类型探讨了中国五针松的群落生物量和年净生产量及在群落的不同层次上的分布．比较分析了不同分布区五针松的年干物质累积速度（ＮＰ／Ｂ）．结果表明：１１５─１３５ａ生的阔叶红松林群落生物量在９７．０９─１２０．５１ｔ／ｈｍ￣２之间,年净生产量在８．６９８─１０．３４ｔ／ｈｍ￣２．ａ之间,年净生产量长白山山脉沙松、鹅耳枥红松林＞小兴安岭南坡枫桦、水曲柳红松林＞小兴安岭北坡云杉、冷杉红松林;３０─３６ａ生的华山松林群落生物量在７８．７５─９４．７３ｔ／ｈｍ￣２之间,年净生产量在４．９９３─５．５３７ｔ／ｈｍ￣２．ａ之间,年净生产量贵州山地常绿阔叶华山松林＞秦岭中山地阔叶华山松林＞甘肃小陇山针阔叶华山松林．ＮＰ／Ｂ值：长白山山脉的阔叶红松林＞小兴安岭山脉的阔叶红松林;秦岭中山地阔叶华山松林＞甘肃小陇山针阔华山松林＞贵州中山地常绿阔叶华山松林．     

双碳源单细胞蛋白间歇培养及流加培养的动力学模型

应用非结构的逻辑增殖模型研究了两种酵母的单碳源和双碳源单细胞蛋白间歇培养的动力学,用改进的逻辑增殖模型研究了双碳源流加培养过程的动力学,从实验数据拟合了动力学模型参数,模型计算值与实验数据吻合良好。     

应用灯光诱杀马尾松毛虫

本项研究于1965年和1973—74年在浙江余杭、富阳及湖南韶山进行。观察了不同灯种、个同盛器对松毛虫的诱蛾量,不同时间诱获的蛾数、雌雄比例、诱获雌娥的含卵数。分析了气温、风速、月光对诱蛾量的影响。根据不同翅长的正常雌蛾的含卵数同灯诱雌蛾的平均含卵数作比较,得知应用灯光诱杀马尾松毛虫,能够消灭35.85%的卵粒。坚持常年设灯,可以作为预防这种害虫的重要手段,也可作为综合防治的方法之一。     

Discovery of Iliestheria (Crustacea: spinicaudatan) from the Lower Jurassic Sangonghe Formation in Junggar Basin,northwestern China

Iliestheria Li and Shen, 1995, was erected based on specimens of two co-occurring species from the Lower Jurassic Badaowan Formation in Nilka, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, northwestern China. Since then Iliestheria has not been reported in any other locality, partly because clam shrimp from the Lower Jurassic in western China have been reported with studies only based on the outline of the carapace, most of them as Euestheria or Palaeolimnadia components. Here we report a new species of Iliestheria from the Pliensbachian–Toarcian Sangonghe Formation, based on scanning electron microscopic characteristics of the carapace morphology. We also revise the diagnosis of the genus based on re-examination using SEM microscopy of the two species from the Badaowan Formation, to include spinicaudatans characterized by growth bands ornamented by radial lirae intercalated with 2–4 columns of puncta; radial lirae sporadically curved and branched to form fine reticulation on the growth bands in the anterior and upper parts of the carapace. This study indicates that the stratigraphic range of Iliestheria extends to late Early Jurassic.     

乳酸菌基因改造技术研究进展

乳酸菌是一类革兰氏阳性、不产芽孢、兼性厌氧、发酵多种碳源产乳酸的重要工业微生物之一,广泛应用于食品、医药及化学品的生产当中。随着乳酸菌工业化应用范畴的不断拓展,乳酸菌生理生化特性、酸耐受特性,代谢途径及产酸调控机理的研究受到广泛关注。因此,建立稳定、高效的乳酸菌基因编辑方法,借助基因编辑技术来解析代谢关键基因及基因网络的功能,调控代谢途径,十分必要。对乳酸菌基因编辑技术的研究进展做一综述,并对乳酸菌基因编辑技术的未来研究方向进行展望。