爪蟾(Xenopus laevis)的四倍体及其子一代

在爪蟾受精卵第一次有丝分裂中期进行静液压处理,抑制细胞质分裂从而得到四倍体。实验中获得三只存活了三年以上的四倍体雌性爪蟾。其中一只雌性与二倍体雄性爪蟾作人工催青得到受精卵。现已产卵三批,发育的胚胎400余,经检查子代染色体为三倍体。     

Construction and packaging of pseudotype retrovirus containing human N—ras cDNA antisense sequence and its biological effects on human hepatoma cells

N-ras is one of the transforming genes in human hepatic cancer cells.It has been found that N-ras was overexpressed at the mRNA and protein level in hepatoma cells.In order to explore the biological roles of N-ras in human hepatic carcinogenesis and the potential application in control of cancer cell growth,a preudotype retrovirus containing antisense sequence of human N-ras was constructed and packaged.A recombinant retrovirus vector containing antisense or sense sequences of N-ras cDNA was constructed by pZIP-NeoSV(X)1.The pseudotype virus was packaged ang rescued by transfection and infection in PA317 and ψ 2 helper cells.It has been demonstrated that the pseudotype retrovirus containing antisense N-ras sequence did inhibit the growth of human PLC/PRF/5 hepatoma cells accompanied with inhibition of p21 expression,while the retrovirus containing sense sequence had none.The pseudotype virus had no effect on human diploid fibroblasts.     

自病人气管灌洗物中分离出一株嗜肺性军团杆菌

本文报道了用自制的蓝藻军团杆菌选择性培养基从病人气管灌洗物中分离到一株嗜肺性军团杆菌(Legionella pneumophila)并与BCYE及硝酸铁琼脂平板等培养基作了比较,发现该菌在蓝藻军团杆菌选择性培养基上生长最好。生化、动物试验;细菌学、血清学的鉴定和诊断及临床治疗效果观察均与军团病杆菌(LDB)的鉴定标准相符合,证明经分离得的是一株嗜肺性军团杆菌血清6型菌株。     

A general method for highly selective cross-linking of unprotected polypeptides via pH-controlled modification of N-terminal alpha-amino groups

A method is described for the highly selective modification of the alpha-amino groups at the N-termini of unprotected peptides to form stable, modified peptide intermediates which can be covalently coupled to other molecules or to a solid support. Acylation with iodoacetic anhydride at pH 6.0 occurs with 90-98% selectivity for the alpha-amino group, depending on the N-terminal residue (as shown with a series of model hexapeptides containing a competing Lys residue). Although Cys residues must be protected (reversibly or irreversibly) before the anhydride reaction, there are no detectable side reactions of the alpha-amino moiety--of the reagent or of modified peptide--with the side chains of His, Met, or Lys. The reaction works well in denaturants, so that inhibitory effects of noncovalent structure can be minimized. In a second step the iodoacetyl-peptide can be reacted with a thiol group on a protein, on a solid chromatography matrix, on a spectroscopic probe, etc. This is illustrated by reaction of a series of N alpha-iodoacetyl-peptides with murine interferon-gamma, which contains a C-terminal Cys residue. Data are presented which suggest that this iodoacetic anhydride scheme is superior in selectivity for alpha-amino groups to conventional chemical approaches to cross-linking such as use of 2-iminothiolane or N-hydroxysuccinimide-activated carboxylic acid esters. The reaction is ideally suited for modifying peptide fragments, as pure species or as mixtures, derived from proteolytic or chemical fragmentation of proteins. Furthermore, polypeptides synthesized biosynthetically, for example via recombinant DNA techniques, can be cross-linked in this way.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

盐诱导脯氨酸累积过程中亚胺环己酮的抑制作用

微生物中控制脯氨酸合成的渗透调节基因(osm基因)的转移成功及其抗渗透胁迫能力的提高(Csonka 1980,1981,Le Rudulier和Valentine 1981),启发科学家们把注意力投向高等植物,特别是有经济价值的作物(Bodnar等1989,Nelson等1988,1989,Sanada等1989,Higgins等1987)。采用蛋白质合成抑制剂亚胺环     

光和GA_3诱导番茄种子萌发过程中内源ABA的变化

外源GA_3和红光都能有效地诱导台湾红番茄种子萌发;外源ABA对光诱导萌发有明显的抑制作用。白光和红光诱导萌发过程中内源ABA水平急剧降低,而在黑暗或远红光下则一直保持在与风干种子中原有的高水平。1 mol/L HCl酸化1h后加100 ppm GA_3诱导萌发时内源ABA含量也随培养时间的延续而明显下降。     

植物冷锻炼对于胁强敏感度的影响(英文)

前文由柑桔枝条在不同低温下、不同冷冻时间的电解质外渗测定,提出胁强(stress)、作用时间与胁变(strain)之间关系的数学模型。在这个模型中共有3个参数:屈服点温度(yield point temperature),胁强敏感度(stress sensitivity)和作用时间敏感度(sensitivity to duration),用以描述植物的抗性。抗性强的植物应表现为屈服点温度较低,胁强敏感度或者时间敏感度较低。为验证此数学模型,本工作以经冷锻炼与未经冷锻炼的盆栽柑桔枝条为材料,作不同温度与时间处理的电解质外渗率的测定,研究了冷锻炼对于上述3个参数的影响。发现胁强敏感度和屈服点温度受冷锻炼影响而下降,时间敏感度未表现明显变化。对于田间柑桔、油桐与毛竹的定期测定,在固定冷冻时间下,得到了类似于盆栽柑桔的结果。入冬时,植物抗冻性提高,3种植物都表现出下列两种变化:1.胁强敏感度的明显下降;2.屈服点温度和/或时间敏感度亦下降。开春时的变化则相反。胁强敏感度的变化与后一种变化有各自的规律,且因植物种类而不同。拐点胁强(stress at inflection point)具有与半致死温度(50％killing point temperature)不同的意义,它的变化是上述两种变化的综合结果。本试验结果表明,冷锻炼对于植物胁强敏感度有明显影响,用本数学模型的3个抗性指标描述     

豌豆叶绿体脂氧合酶活性与叶片衰老及膜脂过氧化作用的关系

豌豆叶绿体脂氧合酶(LOX)活性在连体叶片衰老过程中变化不大。ABA处理离体叶片2d叶绿体LOX活性升高,处理时间延长活性下降。抗氧化剂α-生育酚、谷胱甘肽、没食子酸丙酯抑制豌豆叶绿体LOX活性。脂质过氧化产物丙二醛对豌豆叶绿体LOX和大豆纯LOX-1的活性均有抑制作用,大豆LOX-1能促进离体豌豆叶绿体膜脂过氧化作用。因此,豌豆叶绿体LOX可能参与叶片衰老过程中叶绿体膜结构和功能的改变,又受膜脂过氧化产物的制约。     

Changes in lung mechanics and reactivity with age after viral bronchiolitis in beagle puppies

We measured changes with growth in lung function and airway reactivity after acute canine parainfluenza virus type 2 (CPI2, n = 5), canine adenovirus type 2 (CAV2, n = 7), and sequential CAV2-CPI2 (n = 6) infections or no infection (controls, n = 6) in beagle puppies (age approximately 79 days). In the CPI2 and CAV2 groups, a lower respiratory illness developed by day 3 postinfection with clinical recovery by day 14. In the CAV2-CPI2 group, puppies were inoculated initially with CAV2 and 12 days later with CPI2. In this group, illness persisted until day 14 after infection with CPI2. Lung resistance (RL), dynamic (Cdyn) and static (Cst) lung compliance, functional residual capacity (FRC), and responsiveness to aerosolized histamine were measured before infection and at periodic intervals until 239 +/- 43 days of age. Lung function data were analyzed using a longitudinal random effects model. In all groups, FRC, Cst, and Cdyn increased with age. In all infected groups, the regression slopes for Cdyn were steeper than in controls. RL decreased linearly with age without group slope differences. Histamine reactivity increased with age, but there were no differences in slope among groups. Lung pathological studies showed areas of obliterative bronchiolitis and chronic small airways inflammation particularly in the CAV2 and CAV2-CPI2 groups. Thus, viral bronchiolitis produces chronic small airways inflammation in beagle puppies and alters the changes in lung function occurring with growth. Histamine reactivity increases with age and is not modified by viral infection.     

酪氨酸对大鼠子宫胞浆雌,孕激素受体的影响

采用放射受体分析法,测定了动情周期不同阶段及去卵巢大鼠子宫胞浆雌二醇和孕酮受体含量,并观察了子宫腔内注射酪、丝、苏三种氨基酸对子宫胞浆雌。醇、孕酮受体含量的影响。结果表明：（１）Ｌ－酪氨酸对动情前期、动情期、间情期大鼠子宫胞浆雌二醇和孕酮受体都具有明显的降低作用。（２）Ｌ－酪氨酸也降低去卵巢大鼠子宫胞浆雌二醇和孕酮含量,即这一作用不是通过影响卵巢激素分泌实现的。（３）Ｌ－苏氨酸仅可降低动情期和间情期大鼠子宫胞浆孕酮受体含量,而对相应周期雌二醇受体没有明显作用。（４）Ｌ－丝氨酸和Ｌ－苏氨酸对去卵巢大鼠子宫胞浆雌二醇和孕酮受体均无影响。