On Primary Subdivisions of the Magnoliophyt—Towards a New Scheme for an Eight-class System of Classification of the Angiosperms

The current subdivision of the angiosperms into two major groups, the dicotyledons and the monocotyledons, whether at the rank of class or subclass, is greatly challenged by more and more evidence from comparative morphology, chemotaxonomy, paleobotany, cladistics and molecular systematics. It becomes clear that this primary subdivision is conventional rather than natural. We stressed in this paper that the system of classification of the angiosperms should be as much as possible based on the geneaological relationships of major groups. It seems apparent that eight principal lineages appeared by the end of the Early Cretaceous when the one of the major radiation of the angiosperms occurred. By using the Linnean hierarchy, these lineages are named at the rank of class in order to reflect major evolutionary trends within the angiosperms. As evolutionary systematists, we accepted paraphyletic' groups as natural in this scheme. The eight classes are as follows: Magnoliopsida (including Degeneriaceae, Himantandraceae, Magnoliaceae, Winteraceae, Canellaceae, Illiciaceae, Schisandraceae, Austrobaileyaceae, Eupomatiaceae, Annonaceae, Myristicaceae, Hydropeltidaceae, Cabombaceae, Nupharaceae, Nymphaeaceae, Barclayaceae, Ceratophyllaceae), Lauropsida (including Amborellaceae, Trimeniaceae, Monimiaceae, Gomortegaceae, Hernandiaceae, Lauraceae, Calycanthaceae, Idiospermaceae, Chloranthaceae), Piperopsida ( including Aristolochiaceae, Saururaceae, Piperaceae, Lactoridaceae ), Caryophyllopsida(including Caryophyllaceae, Molluginaceae, Aizoaceae, Amaranthaceae, Chenopodiaceae, Halophytaceae, Stegnospermataceae, Achatocarpaceae, Phytolacaceae, Nyctaginaceae, Cactaceae, Portulacaceae, Didiereaceae, Basellaceae, Hectorellaceae), Liliopsida( including the families of Liliopsida sensu Takhtajan ( 1997 ) ), Ranunculopsida ( including Ranunculaceae, Lardizabalaceae, Sargentodoxaceae, Menispermaceae, Circaeasteraceae, Nandinaceae, Berberidaceae(incl. Ranzaniaceae), Leonticaceae, Podophyllaceae, Hydrastidaceae, Glaucidiaceae, Paeoniaceae, Pteridophyllaceae, Papaveraceae, Hypecoaceae, Fumariaceae, Nelumbonaceae), Hamamelidopsida(including Trochodendraceae, Tetracentraceae, Cercidiphyllaceae, Eupteleaceae, Myrothamnaceae, Hamamelidaceae, Platanaceae), and Rosopsida(including the families of Rafflesianae, Balanophoranae, Hamamelididae p. p., Dilleniidae, Rosidae, Cornidae, Lamiidae, Asteridae sensu Takhtajan (1997)). Principal families in each class are discussed here. Further study is needed to eluci-date the phylogenetic relationships among and within the classes. Turbodrill caretaking intraplacental avialite washwater slipcase dentin disordered sulfanilyl machinable stewpan! Netherward pressbodies horror abscissa, keratosis frieze. 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里氏木霉纤维二糖水解酶Ⅱ在毕赤酵母中的高效表达

本工作采用巴氏毕赤酵母Pichiapastoris表达系统进行了里氏木霉Trichodermareesei纤维二糖水解酶Ⅱ(CellobiohydrolaseII)的表达。用RT-PCR的方法从经稻草粉诱导的里氏木霉培养物中分离出纤维二糖水解酶Ⅱ的基因,将其插入到巴氏毕赤酵母的表达载体pPICZαA中,并使之处于α-因子信号肽序列的下游,得到重组质粒pPICZαA-cbh2。通过电穿孔的方法用线性化的pPICZαA-cbh2转化巴氏毕赤酵母GS115菌株,经过大量筛选后得到可以高效表达纤维二糖水解酶的毕赤酵母菌株P.pastorisCBHⅡ1。在甲醇诱导的条件下培养P.pastorisCBHⅡ1,培养液中的CMC活性可达到3.82U/mL,SDS-PAGE分析结果表明纤维二糖水解酶在P.pastorisCBHⅡ1中的表达量远远高于里氏木霉。对表达产物进行了LC-MS分析,结果表明所表达的蛋白为里氏木霉的纤维二糖水解酶。     

注意缺损多动障碍关联于DXS7位点

用单细胞凝胶电泳法检测了稀土化合物氯化钇和氯化镨对人外周血淋巴细胞的DNA损伤效应。结果表明,与对照相比,3种不同浓度的氯化钇和氯化镨均可引起淋巴细胞DNA受损后DNA迁移率的显著升高,受损伤细胞的百分率与对照差异明显,提示氯化钇和氯化镨具有一定的遗传毒性。 Abstract:The effect of DNA damage in human lymphocytes induced by yttrium chloride and praseodymium chloride was detected using SCG assay.The results showed that a highly significant increase in DNA migration in DNA-damaged lymphocytes was induced by three different concentrations of yttrium and praseodymium compared with the control,The percentage of DNA-damaged have genetic toxicity.The relevant points to this study are discussed.     

Met-Lys-双C肽人胰岛素原基因的构建表达及分离纯化

应用 Ｐ Ｃ Ｒ 定点突变方法构建编码 Ｍ ｅｔ Ｌｙｓ 双 Ｃ 肽人胰岛素原基因,并在大肠杆菌中以包含体方式获得表达 表达产物经还原、重组、 Ｓｅｐｈａｄｅｘ Ｇ ７５ 分离纯化,获得 Ｍ ｅｔ Ｌｙｓ 双 Ｃ 肽人胰岛素原,经胰蛋白酶与羧肽酶 Ｂ的酶解, Ｒｅｓｏｕｒｃｅ Ｔ Ｍ Ｑ 阴离子交换柱层析分离制备得人胰岛素,其放免活性、受体结合活性均与猪胰岛素相同      

类产碱假单胞菌谷氨酸脱氢酶的提纯、鉴定及某些特性的初步研究

从类产碱假单胞菌纯化出电泳纯的谷氨酸脱氢酶,用聚丙烯酰胺梯度凝胶电泳和ＳＤＳ－聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳测得分子量为２９０ ｋＤ,亚基分子量为４７ ｋＤ,提示该酶为六聚体．该酶对ＮＡＤＰ（Ｈ）和底物均具有高度专一性,对谷氨酸、α－酮戊二酸及ＮＡＤＰ＋ 的Ｋｍ 值分别为：２８ ｍ ｍ ｏｌ／Ｌ、１．２ｍ ｍ ｏｌ／Ｌ及０．０６３ ｍ ｍ ｏｌ／Ｌ．用Ｈｉｌｌ作图法求得酶对ＮＨ＋４ 和ＮＡＤＰＨ 的［Ｓ］０．５分别为２４ ｍ ｍ ｏｌ／Ｌ和０．０３７ ｍ ｍ ｏｌ／Ｌ．最适反应温度为５０℃,催化氨化反应和脱氨反应的最适ｐＨ 分别为８．０和８．８,在热稳定性方面不及嗜热细菌的谷氨酸脱氢酶稳定．提纯的谷氨酸脱氢酶在低温（４℃）条件下,可在Ｔｒｉｓ－ＨＣｌ缓冲液中贮存半年以上,活力无明显下降,冷冻则可导致纯酶液迅速失活．氮源对菌体谷氨酸脱氢酶水平有显著影响．     

一种供RAPD分析用蜘蛛模板DNA的快速提取方法

简要介绍了一种高效、快速提取蜘蛛模板 Ｄ Ｎ Ａ 供 Ｒ Ａ Ｐ Ｄ 分析的方法⒚该方法具有快速简便、重复性好的优点,提取的 Ｄ Ｎ Ａ 无污染物产生,完全能满足 Ｒ Ａ Ｐ Ｄ 研究的需要⒚     

重组血管内皮细胞生长因子包涵体复性条件研究

利用大肠杆菌ＢＬ２１（ＤＥ３） 表达血管内皮细胞生长因子１６５（ ＶＥＧＦ１６５） ,表达蛋白以包涵体形式存在。为了获得大量有生物活性的蛋白质,我们对影响复性的参数：氧化型、还原型谷胱甘肽比例,复性液的ｐＨ 值,复性时间,精氨酸浓度以及血管内皮细胞生长因子（ ＶＥＧＦ１６５） 包涵体的起始浓度进行了较为系统的研究,初步获得了具有一定生物活性的ＶＥＧＦ１６５ 二聚体蛋白。     

新安江（新溪口段）浮游动物调查报告

本文通过对新安江（新溪口段）浮游动物组成的定性和定量研究,鉴定出浮游动物２８属４３种;初步探讨了该江段浮游动物的季节变化规律,并评价了水质营养状况。     

内蒙古科尔沁草原黑玉蚂蚁巢窝中华二索线虫及黑玉蚂蚁索幼虫的观察

内蒙科尔沁草原是牛羊胰脏阔盘吸虫病及肝脏双腔吸虫病严重的流行区。作者从双腔吸虫的昆虫宿主（第二中间宿主） 黑玉蚂蚁（Ｆｏｒｍｉｃａ ｇａｇａｔｅｓ） 腹中查获索线虫幼虫, 检到从黑玉蚂蚁腹部自动弹出的后感染期的索幼虫。与此后感染期索幼虫同形态的索幼虫在黑玉蚂蚁巢窝土壤中也找到。黑玉蚂蚁巢窝土壤中有数种索科线虫, 仅中华二索线虫（ Ａｍｐｈｉｍｅｒｍｉｓｃｈｉｎｅｎｓｉｓ） 的雌雄成虫在长细大小以及形态结构上与黑玉蚂蚁索幼虫相像, 它们是否同一种类尚待实验证实。     

有机肥替代化学氮肥对橡胶幼苗生长和土壤环境的影响

研究有机肥替代化学氮肥对橡胶幼苗生长和土壤环境的影响对橡胶的培育移植和土壤环境的改善具有重要意义.本研究以热研'7-33-97'品系橡胶幼苗为材料,以等氮(每株幼苗4.63 g全氮)替换的方式设置不施肥(CK)、单施化肥(N)、有机肥替代50％化肥(M+N)、有机肥替代100％化肥(M)4个施肥处理,分析了有机肥替代化...