广西岩溶石山飞机草种群的繁殖特征

对广西岩溶石山3个典型群落(飞机草优势群落、黄荆条-飞机草混合群落和类芦-蔓生莠竹群落)中飞机草(Eupatorium odoratum)种群的繁殖特征进行了研究.结果表明:3个群落中飞机草的头状花序数为520～3281个m-2;种子产量为12941～74386粒m-2;头状花序的平均种子数为22～25粒;种子千粒重为...     

儿童呼吸道肺炎链球菌和金黄色萄萄球菌的耐药性研究

目的了解儿童感染肺炎链球菌和金黄色萄萄球菌耐药情况,为临床合理用药提供理论依据。方法对年龄为1个月～12岁的上呼吸道感染的儿童鼻咽分泌物或痰进行培养,分离肺炎链球菌和金黄色萄萄球菌;采用纸片扩散法及E-test法对分离株进行常用的10种抗生素敏感性检测。结果从2 250例呼吸道感染儿童鼻咽部、痰液分离出肺炎链球菌共120株,金黄色葡萄球菌共151株。120株肺炎链球菌对常用抗菌药物耐药率分别为青霉素41.7%(50/120)、苯唑西林26.7%(32/120)、头孢曲松9.2%(11/120)、红霉素95.8%(115/120)、克林霉素90.0%(108/120)、四环素70.8%(85/120)、氯霉素6.7%(8/120)、利福平0.8%(1/120)和氧氟沙星0.8%(1/120),肺炎链球菌青霉素不敏感株对β-内酰胺酶类耐药率明显高于青霉素敏感株。151株金黄色葡萄球菌中对常用抗菌药物耐药率分别为青霉素97.4%(147/151)、苯唑西林9.9%(15/151)、头孢曲松9.3%(14/151),对红霉素52.3%(79/151)、四环素31.8%(48/151)、克林霉素24.5%(37/151)、氯霉素9.9%(15/151)、氧氟沙星3.3%(5/151)和利福平2.0%(3/151)。未检出耐万古霉素菌株。结论肺炎链球菌对红霉素、克林霉素高度耐药;而金黄色葡萄球菌对青霉素高度耐药,临床应尽量减少此类药物的经验性用药,依据药敏结果选择抗菌药物进行治疗。     

21st century climate change threatens mountain flora unequally across Europe

Continental‐scale assessments of 21st century global impacts of climate change on biodiversity have forecasted range contractions for many species. These coarse resolution studies are, however, of limited relevance for projecting risks to biodiversity in mountain systems, where pronounced microclimatic variation could allow species to persist locally, and are ill‐suited for assessment of species‐specific threat in particular regions. Here, we assess the impacts of climate change on 2632 plant species across all major European mountain ranges, using high‐resolution (ca. 100 m) species samples and data expressing four future climate scenarios. Projected habitat loss is greater for species distributed at higher elevations; depending on the climate scenario, we find 36–55% of alpine species, 31–51% of subalpine species and 19–46% of montane species lose more than 80% of their suitable habitat by 2070–2100. While our high‐resolution analyses consistently indicate marked levels of threat to cold‐adapted mountain florae across Europe, they also reveal unequal distribution of this threat across the various mountain ranges. Impacts on florae from regions projected to undergo increased warming accompanied by decreased precipitation, such as the Pyrenees and the Eastern Austrian Alps, will likely be greater than on florae in regions where the increase in temperature is less pronounced and rainfall increases concomitantly, such as in the Norwegian Scandes and the Scottish Highlands. This suggests that change in precipitation, not only warming, plays an important role in determining the potential impacts of climate change on vegetation.     

顺铂诱导非洲绿猴肾细胞凋亡模型的建立

目的：建立常见凋亡诱导剂顺铂（Cisplatin）诱导非洲绿猴肾细胞（Vero）凋亡的模型,为进一步研究抗凋亡基因在细胞凋亡中的分子机理打下基础。方法：分别以不同浓度的顺铂处理Veto细胞48h,用噻唑蓝（MTT）比色法、Gimesa染色、流式细胞术检测,观察处理后细胞的生长活力和凋亡情况。结果：以未处理的细胞作为对照组,1、2、3、4,5μg／mL的顺铂处理的Vero细胞生存率分别为（79．02±6．10）％、（68．84±4．42）％、（56．66±4．07）％、（46．83±3．76）％、（29．04±5．93）％（P〈0．01）;经顺铂诱导后细胞形态学发生明显改变,出现膜小泡和凋亡小体形成等凋亡细胞特征;流式细胞仪检测,0、1、2、3、4、5μg／mL的顺铂处理的Vero细胞后凋亡率分别为1．66％±0．19％、16．65％±1．26％、24．82％±1．03％、36．22％±1．04％、48．49％±1．24％、43．34％±1．17％（P〈0．01）。结论：本实验成功建立顺铂诱导非洲绿猴肾细胞凋亡模型,将有助于进一步探讨目的基因在Vero细胞凋亡作用的的分子机制。     

原发性腹膜后肿瘤46例诊疗分析

目的：总结并探讨原发性腹膜后肿瘤（PRPT）的诊断及治疗方法。方法：回顾并分析2004年1月至2009年12月收治的46例腹膜后肿瘤患者的临床资料及随访结果。结果：良性肿瘤17例,完整切除15例,部分切除2例,复发4例,均再次手术;恶性肿瘤29例,完整切除10例,部分切除15例,活检2例,复发6例,再次手术4例。随访时间0.5至5年,良性肿瘤死于其他疾病3例,死于原发性腹膜后肿瘤1例;恶性肿瘤死亡22例,其中1年内死亡8例,3年内死亡12例,5年内死亡2例。结论：对原发性腹膜后肿瘤,B超、CT及MRI检查是目前诊断PRPT方便、有效的诊断手段,手术治疗是治疗PRPT的首选治疗方式,完整切除肿瘤是影响PRPT治疗效果及其预后的重要因素。对于复发病例应选择再次手术治疗。     

青藤碱对慢性非细菌性大鼠前列腺炎大鼠炎症反应及P38Mapk信号通路的影响

目的:观察青藤碱对慢性非细菌性大鼠前列腺炎大鼠炎症反应及P38Mapk信号通路的影响。方法:将SD大鼠随机分为对照组、青藤碱高、低剂量组。对照组组给予生理盐水灌胃,青藤碱低、中、高剂量组分别给予青藤碱40、80、160mg/kg灌胃,28天后处死。realtime RT-PCR法和western blot法检测肿瘤组织中TNF-、IL-6 mRNA和TNF-、IL-6、p-P38 MAPK蛋白的表达。结果:青藤碱能明显降低慢性非细菌性大鼠前列腺炎大鼠前列腺组织中TNF-、IL-6 mRNA和TNF-、IL-6、p-P38 MAPK蛋白的表达。结论:青藤碱能抑制慢性非细菌性大鼠前列腺炎大鼠前列腺炎症反应,其机制可能与抑制P38 MAP信号通路有关。     

Quality of synthetic hexaploid wheat containing null alleles at Glu-A1 and Glu-B1 loci

Triticum turgidum ssp. dicoccon PI94668 and PI349045 were identified as containing null alleles at Glu-A1 and Glu-B1 loci in previous investigation. Sequencing of the respective HMW-GS genes Ax, Bx, Ay and By in both accessions indicated equal DNA lengths with gene silencing caused by 1 to 4 in-frame stop codon(s) in the open reading frames. Six synthetic hexaploid wheat lines were produced by crossing PI94668 or PI349045 with six Aegilops tauschii by spontaneous chromosome doubling of unreduced gametes. As expected, these amphiploids had three different HMW-GS: Dx 3.1^t?+?Dy11*^t, Dx2.1^t?+?10^t and Dx2^t?+?Dy12^t in Glu-D1 but double nulls in Glu-A1 and Glu-B1. Quality tests showed that most quality parameters in two T. turgidum ssp. dicoccon parents were very low due to the lack of HMW-GSs. However, incorporation of HMW-GS from Ae. tauschii in six synthetic hexaploid wheat lines significantly increased most quality related parameters. The potential values of these wheat lines in improving the quality of wheat are discussed.     

烘烤条件对烟叶叶绿体淀粉粒超微结构变化的影响

以津巴布韦烤烟KRK26品种中部烟叶为实验材料,观察不同烘烤条件对烤烟KRK26中部烟叶叶绿体淀粉粒超微结构的影响变化。结果表明:(1)低温低湿条件下,烟叶叶绿体淀粉粒于烘烤36～48 h发生破裂;(2)中温中湿条件下,烟叶叶绿体淀粉粒于烘烤24～36 h发生破裂;(3)中温高湿条件下,烟叶叶绿体淀粉粒于烘烤12～24 h发生破裂。由此可见,在实际生产中为了降低成品烟叶中淀粉的含量,最适合采用中温高湿烘烤条件。     

慢病毒直接诱导形成猪iPS细胞无需限定因子

为了证实慢病毒对细胞具有遗传修饰和重编程作用,在本实验中使用慢病毒感染猪胎儿成纤维细胞.结果显示:慢病毒介导的EGFP在猪胎儿成纤维细胞中稳定和高效表达,使用添加LIF和bFGF的细胞培养液,部分猪的胎儿成纤维细胞逐渐改变原有的纤维状形态,形成圆形的细胞,细胞逐步增殖形成细胞集落,细胞集落边界清晰,在饲养层上细胞集落生长迅速,具有稳定的生长性能和正常核型,细胞碱性磷酸酶染色为阳性,表达干细胞特有的标记Oct4、Nanog和SSEA1,在体外能够形成拟胚体,在体内分化形成包含三个生殖层的畸胎瘤.作为核移植的供体细胞,克隆胚的卵裂率为53.33%、桑椹胚率为9.03%、囊胚率为2.07%、孵化囊胚的总细胞数为26.5,在桑椹胚率和囊胚率方面显著低于猪普通胎儿成纤维细胞核移植克隆胚的发育能力(P<0.05).结果证实慢病毒能够直接使猪的胎儿成纤维细胞转变成iPS细胞,因此慢病毒将成为一种理想的材料和工具用于细胞的遗传修饰和细胞重构等方面的研究.