松嫩平原碱化草甸恢复演替系列的群落种子流分析

对松嫩平原碱化草甸恢复演替系列4个群落优势种种子源库、土壤种子库及幼苗库进行了比较,建立了种子流模型.结果表明:演替初期虎尾草群落优势种种子源库密度最大,为(446182±180455)粒.m-2,分别是演替中期星星草群落的7.2倍、演替后期星星草 羊草群落的11.4倍、演替顶极羊草群落的164.8倍.土壤种子库和幼苗库密度均以虎尾草群落最大,分别为(63650±14541)粒.m-2和(39160±15192)株.m-2,羊草群落最小,分别为(14310±7686)粒.m-2和(790±745)株.m-2,大体呈随着恢复演替进程而递减的趋势.全体演替系列群落输出的实生苗均以虎尾草为主,占79.8%～100%.在种子流中,优势种的种子源库向土壤种子库输入率在10%～35%之间,输出率差异则较大,虎尾草群落高达62.3%,但星星草群落和羊草群落均没有优势种的幼苗输出.     

松嫩平原碱化草甸两个群落土壤种子库动态

对松嫩平原碱化草甸中星星草 羊草群落和星星草群落土壤种子库组成的季节动态进行了研究.结果表明:在4-9月,2个群落的土壤种子库均以多年生草本植物为主,星星草 羊草群落共出现12种,而星星草群落为10种,并均以星星草占最大比例,分别为66.8%～92.9%和75.3%～97.7%.种子库相似性系数在6月最大.星星草 羊草群落种子库密度在7月份最大,为(26 560.0±7 256.9)粒·m-2,星星草群落在8月最大,为(25590.0±6 443.7)粒·m-2;而2个群落的物种多样性指数和均匀度指数则分别在7月和8月最小.     

茂兰喀斯特森林中华蚊母树群落土壤种子库动态初探

 茂兰喀斯特森林中华蚊母树群落900m2样地内共有种子植物59种,其中19种主要植物已繁殖产生种子。群落每年以种子雨形式向种子库输入种子351.1粒·m-2,其中对群落更新有用的成熟有效种子150.8粒·m-2。土壤种子库中活力种子丰富,共有41种2510.5～2646.8粒·m-2。种子库中活力种子的种类和数量均随时间的变化而变化,不同时间种子库的差异主要在于现存植物活力种子的变化。土壤种子库每年输出活力种子171.9粒·m-2,其中萌发输出21.9粒·m-2,动物采食输出133.5粒·m-2,病菌危害引起的输出为3.2粒·m-2,种子自然衰老引起的输出为13.3粒·m-2。每年输出超过输入21.1粒·m-2。演替前期植物种子没有输入,只有缓慢输出,但没有萌发输出。     

茂兰喀斯特森林中华蚊母树群落土壤种子库动态初探

茂兰喀斯特森林中华蚊母树群落 90 0 m2样地内共有种子植物 5 9种 ,其中 19种主要植物已繁殖产生种子。群落每年以种子雨形式向种子库输入种子 35 1.1粒· m- 2 ,其中对群落更新有用的成熟有效种子 15 0 .8粒·m- 2 。土壤种子库中活力种子丰富 ,共有 41种 2 5 10 .5～ 2 6 46 .8粒· m- 2 。种子库中活力种子的种类和数量均随时间的变化而变化 ,不同时间种子库的差异主要在于现存植物活力种子的变化。土壤种子库每年输出活力种子 171.9粒· m- 2 ,其中萌发输出 2 1.9粒· m- 2 ,动物采食输出 133.5粒· m- 2 ,病菌危害引起的输出为 3.2粒· m- 2 ,种子自然衰老引起的输出为 13.3粒· m- 2 。每年输出超过输入 2 1.1粒· m- 2 。演替前期植物种子没有输入 ,只有缓慢输出 ,但没有萌发输出。     

毛红椿天然林种子雨、种子库与天然更新

2008-2011年,调查江西九连山国家级自然保护区毛红椿天然林的种子雨、种子库及林下幼苗数量.结果表明:在毛红椿天然林,种子雨散布时间为10月下旬至12月下旬.2010年不同样地的种子雨强度为虾公塘气象观测站(320.3±23.5粒·m-2)＞虾公塘保护站(284.7±24.2粒·m-2)＞大丘田保护站(251.6±24.7粒·m-2),分别以222.0、34.3和22.6粒·m-2完好种子供土壤萌发更新;毛红椿种子储量取决于结实量、鸟类取食和种子活力等因素,鸟类取食是其种子储量大幅下降的首要因素;由于种子不耐储藏以及大量腐烂,种子有效贮藏期不足1个月.12月天然林种子库平均萌发数≤2株·m-2,次年1月土壤种子库种子量最少,为6.7～11.8粒·m-2,平均仅萌发0.4～0.6株·m-2,与林下实生幼苗分布极少相吻合.毛红椿种子雨储备、种子库种子活力保存及幼苗建成等因素影响其天然更新.     

梵净山栲树群落的种子雨、种子库及更新

梵净山栲树 (Castanopsis fargesii)群落种子雨丰富 ,对群落更新发展有用的成熟有效种子 2 6 8.9粒·m- 2 。优势种及其它主要种类均有种子产生 ,为维持现存群落的稳定提供了重要基础。种子库中活力种子丰富 ,其数量达 375 4.3粒· m- 2 ,分属 30种植物 ,其中木本植物种子 18种 ,草本植物种子 12种。种子库中有现存植物种子 13种 ,群落演替前期各阶段产生的种子 17种。在种子库中 ,现存群落的优势种和其它主要树种均有活力种子存在 ,群落更新潜力好。在种子库中 ,现存植物产生的种子绝大多数分布于枯枝落叶层 ,只有少部分 (3种 )可分布到土壤层 ,演替前期各阶段产生的种子全部分布在土壤层中。随土壤深度增加 ,种子的种类和物种多样性指数均逐渐减小。从枯枝落叶层向下 ,种子库与现存群落的相似性逐渐减小。在天然情况下 ,种子库中优势种及其它主要种类的种子大量萌发出苗 ,现存群落更新良好 ,稳定性强。     

人类活动对青藏高原高寒矮嵩草草甸碳过程的影响

随着人类活动干扰(放牧)的增加,青藏高原高寒嵩草甸的退化演替过程依次为禾草-矮嵩草群落、矮嵩草群落、小嵩草群落和杂类草-黑土滩4个阶。其中小嵩草群落又可划分为草毡表层加厚、开裂与塌陷3个子阶段。采用时空转换的方法,研究了人类活动对青藏高原高寒矮嵩草草甸碳过程的影响。结果表明,随着人类干扰强度的增加,植物群落地上部分有机碳储量逐渐降低,由禾草-矮嵩草群落的(134.7±17.3)gC/m2逐渐降低到杂类草-黑土滩次生裸地(18.96±6.18)gC·m-2。土壤、植物地下部分有机碳贮量呈单峰曲线变化,草毡表层开裂子阶段最高,分别为(49.7±0.83)gC·kg-1和(3596.7±179.8)gC·m-2。;杂类草-黑土滩阶段最低,分别为(19.2±1.13)gC·kg-1和(121.6±6.1)gC·m-2。受植物地下部贮碳的影响,土壤-植被系统呈现逐渐降低的变化特征。随人类活动干扰的加强,高寒嵩草草地植物有机碳地下/地上分配比发生巨大改变,草地草毡表层厚度不高于4.3cm是保证草地生产与生态服功能双赢的重要指标。     

可获得种子量和种子出苗对草地裸沙斑植被恢复的相对制约

以科尔沁沙化草地的裸斑为研究对象,布设种子捕捉器监测生长季传播到裸斑的种子数量、物种组成,并人工播种监测裸斑中出苗情况,研究可获得种子数量和出苗对裸斑植被恢复的制约.结果表明:沙生植物3种,种子数为71 ～623粒·m-2,非沙生植物9种,种子数为73 ～410粒·m-2;裸斑中沙生植物的出苗数(9.3 ～22.3株·m-2)高于非沙生植物(0 ～3.4株·m-2);沙生植物在裸斑的出苗率最高为沙蓬(12.2％ ～34.1％),其次是乌丹蒿(4.5％ ～10.3％),小叶锦鸡儿(0～0.5％),非沙生植物狗尾草出苗率为0～6％,蒲公英为0 ～0.4％,其余植物种出苗率为0;沙生植物裸斑出苗数(9.3 ～22.3株·m-2)高于植被区(7.7株·m-2),而非沙生植物在裸斑的出苗数(0～3.4株·m-2)低于植被区(4.5株·m-2).可见,裸斑植被恢复中,沙生植物的可获得种子量制约高于出苗制约;非沙生植物的可获得种子量制约与出苗制约相当.     

蔡家河湿地土壤种子库特征及其与地上植被和土壤因子的关系

为明确蔡家河湿地土壤种子库特征及其与地上植被和土壤因子的关系, 采用野外调查取样和室内萌发实验相结合的方法, 对芦苇群落, 野艾蒿群落和林下杂草群落3种不同植被类型的土壤种子库密度, 物种组成, 地上植被以及土壤理化性质进行了调查研究。结果表明: 蔡家河湿地3种植被类型的土壤种子库密度分别为(7725±1286) 粒•m-2, (2535±556) 粒•m-2和(5085±984) 粒•m-2; 物种数量分别为36种, 28种和39种。3种植被类型土壤种子库的物种丰富度以及多样性均高于地上植被, 并且3种植被类型间土壤种子库物种组成的相似性高于地上植被, 说明土壤种子库比地上植被具有更高的稳定性。芦苇群落的种子库密度, 物种多样性指数以及土壤种子库和地上植被物种组成的相似性均高于野艾蒿群落和林下杂草群落。土壤含水量与土壤有机质是影响土壤种子库物种组成的主要土壤因子, 在土壤水分以及有机质含量高的芦苇群落中含有大量湿生植物种子, 但在水分和有机质含量低的野艾蒿和林下杂草群落未发现柳叶菜(Epilobium hirsutum)、马先蒿(Pedicularis resupinata)、问荆(Equisetum arvense)等湿生植物的种子。因此, 蔡家河湿地土壤种子库已出现一定程度的退化, 芦苇群落土壤种子库可用作退化湿地植被恢复的种源, 在植被恢复时要满足种子萌发对土壤水分和有机质的需求。     

锡林河河漫滩草甸群落的结构与生产力及其排序

 锡林河河漫滩主要草甸群落的植物组成、群落构成规律、地上植物量、群落间生态关系的研究表明：1)踏头草甸以中间型荸荠(Eleocharis intersita)、无脉苔草(Carex enervis)、巨序剪股颖(Agrostis gigantea)和湿中生杂类草共同建群,其地上植物量为445.64gDM·m-2,是该区草原群落的2—4倍;密花凤毛菊(Saussurea acuminata)杂类草草甸的地上植物量为3584.50gFM·m-2(鲜重);马蔺(Iris lactea)杂类草草甸的地上现存量为1444.02gFM·m-2(鲜重)。2)与该区草原群落相比,草甸群落或没有单种建群植物,或单种建群植物的作用不很突出。说明了草甸优越的生境可满足多种植物共同充分生长。3)河漫滩不同草甸群落的排序表明：在积水生境中沼泽植被的外围、较为湿润的地段上分布着以莎草科植物为主的莎草(苔草)草甸;中度湿润的地段分布着以禾本科植物为主的禾草草甸;而相对较干的地段分布着以双子叶植物为主的杂类草草甸。     

Reproductive features of Celmisia species (Asteraceae) in relation to altitude and geographical range in New Zealand

A range of seed and flower characters was examined in 37 species of the New Zealand genus Celmisia (Asteraceae) to determine whether there were any relationships between reproductive features and the geographic or altitudinal ranges of the species. Using published sources and herbarium material, flower attractiveness to pollinators was measured in terms of capitulum size and ray/disc length ratio. Dispersibility was measured in terms of seed dry weight, seed terminal velocity, pappus/seed length ratio, and scape/leaf length ratio. Altitude (minimum and maximum) and geographic ranges (number of 1^o latitude x 1^o longitude squares occupied) were obtained from published sources. A multivariate principal components analysis using 12 morphological characters revealed the presence of five groups of species differing in capitulum size, seed weight, pappus length, number of pappus bristles, leaf length and scape length. Linear regressions showed that altitude was significantly and negatively related to seed dry weight and capitulum size, and positively to scape/leaf length ratio. Geographic range is negatively related to capitulum size, and positively to ray/disc ratio and altitudinal range. Amongst the seed features measured, seed weight was the best predictor of terminal velocity (an inverse measure of dispersability), but lighter seeds also had a higher pappus/seed length ratio. The frequency distribution of the geographic ranges of the species is highly skewed, with many local species (86% occurring in 15 or fewer one‐degree squares) and very few common ones. Two species (C. gracilenta and C. graminifolia) are notably more common than all the others. A comparison of these species with the others shows that, on average, they have lighter seeds with more bristles, taller scapes and higher ray/disc ratios, but have smaller capitula. The low geographic abundance of the rare species could not readily be attributed to any specific reproductive feature, possibly because of the multiple types of rarity represented within the genus.     

Sexual reproduction of clonal dwarf shrubs in a forest–tundra ecotone

Successful sexual reproduction may be more important for regeneration of clonal species in high-latitude and -altitude areas than has been previously suggested. We investigated the potential of Vaccinium myrtillus, V. vitis-idaea and Empetrum nigrum ssp. hermaphroditum (E. hermaphroditum) for sexual reproduction at three sites in the forest–tundra ecotone in Finnish Lapland. We studied whether the potential differs between plant communities, whether disturbance enhances germination, and whether seedling emergence is limited by seed availability. We established a field experiment with disturbance and sowing treatments, and monitored seed and seedling numbers and survival rates for two years. The number of mature seeds of V. myrtillus was higher in plants from the tundra heath than in those from the coniferous and mountain birch forests. The number of mature seeds and seedlings emerging from the seed bank of E. hermaphroditum tended also to be higher in the tundra heath. Disturbance marginally increased the seedling emergence of V. myrtillus and E. hermaphroditum, whereas sowing generally increased the seedling numbers. The seedling number of V. myrtillus was lower in the tundra heath and that of E. hermaphroditum was lower in the coniferous forest than at the other sites. Seedling survival was equal for all plant species at all sites. We conclude that the capacity for sexual reproduction varies among plant communities, and seed availability is a stronger constraint than microsite availability for the studied species. Once the crucial early phase of seedling establishment is overcome, seedling survival enables successful recruitment of V. myrtillus, V. vitis-idaea and E. hermaphroditum in the subarctic area.     

Differentiation in populations of Hordeum spontaneum along a gradient of environmental productivity and predictability: life history and local adaptation

Reciprocal introduction of seeds and seedlings of wild barley, Hordeum spontaneum , originating in four different environments of Israel was used to: (1) test for local adaptation, (2) make inferences about environmental effects on life‐history and reproductive traits, and (3) identify trait combinations with recognizable ‘strategies’. The four populations examined represented the following environments: (1) desert ? low productivity and predictability, drought stress; (2) semi‐steppe batha ? moderate productivity and predictability; (3) grassland ? high productivity and predictability; and (4) mountain ? high productivity and predictability but with severe frost stress. Significant genotype‐by‐environment interactions were observed for yield and reproductive biomass, seedling biomass and percentage germinated and survived seeds, suggesting local ecotype adaptation. Increasing productivity and predictability of environment in respect to rainfall, without concomitant frost stress, was found to select for high reproductive biomass and large seeds, a high fraction of germinating seeds and high vigour of seedlings. The optimal strategy changes with increasing productivity and predictability and involves a trade‐off between seed size and number, with reduced yield but increased seed mass, consistent with competition selection (or K‐selection sensu MacArthur & Wilson (1967 )) type. No specific life‐history adaptations to predictable frost stress were detected for the mountain ecotype, but there was higher survival of seedlings in their indigenous (mountain) environment compared with other ecotypes. The latter appears to be a physiological adaptation to frost, which is consistent with selection for stress tolerance (or S‐selection sensu Grime (1977 )) type. The other stress factor, drought, which is very unpredictable in deserts, was associated with high seed dormancy, small seed size and low vigour of seedlings, but relatively high yield, which is consistent with a stress‐escape bet‐hedging strategy. © 2002 The Linnean Society of London, Biological Journal of the Linnean Society , 2002, 77 , 479–490.     

种子微生物生态学研究进展

植物种子微生物生态学是研究与种子相联合的微生物的组成﹑功能﹑演替、它们之间关系及其与宿主之间相互关系的科学。种子中蕴含着丰富的微生物资源,它们对种子以及植物的健康具有重要的影响。不同种类植物种子联合的微生物群落由于受到种子本身及外界环境因素的影响而有所差异。论述了种子微生物生态学的概念、主要研究方法、种子微生物生态系统中的微生物种类、相关影响因素,以及种子微生物生态学研究的发展方向。种子微生物生态学的研究对生产实践有重要意义,同时也将丰富种子生物学的内容,对种子科学的发展起到促进作用。     

Seed size and capitulum position drive germination and dormancy responses to projected warming for the threatened dune endemic Cirsium pitcheri (Asteraceae)

Among coastal plant species at risk from rapid environmental changes is the North American Great Lakes dune endemic Cirsium pitcheri. Despite being listed as federally threatened, little is known about how C. pitcheri seed attributes influence germination and dormancy‐break patterns in the context of climate change. Following a previous work where we found differences in the number and weight of C. pitcheri seeds among capitulum positions and study sites, here we examine the effects of seed attributes (capitulum position, seed weight, and site of origin) on the proportion and timing of C. pitcheri seed germination under temperature treatments that simulate projected warming in the Great Lakes (20/10, 25/10, and 30/10°C day/night). Our results demonstrate that C. pitcheri produces diverse cohorts of seeds with seed attributes that significantly influence the timing and probability of germination over a 3‐year soil seed bank. Cirsium pitcheri seed germination proportions were highest at 20°C and decreased successively at 25 and 30°C. Seeds from terminal capitula also had higher germination proportions and took longer to germinate than those from secondary capitula. Lastly, the effect of seed weight on germination probability depended on site of origin and capitulum position, with all effects varying in size and significance over time. Ultimately, our results highlight the considerable differences in germination patterns exhibited by seeds from different capitulum positions and sites of origin and provide insight into the dormancy‐break patterns that C. pitcheri might experience under predicted temperature rise in the Great Lakes region of North America.     

Persistent soil seed banks and floristic diversity in Fagus orientalis forest communities in the Hyrcanian vegetation region of Iran

We assessed the size of seed bank, species diversity and similarity between seed bank and standing vegetation in four oriental beech (Fagus orientalis Lipsky) community types of the central Hyrcanian forests of northern Iran. For this purpose a total of 52 relevés was established in two associations and two subassociations of the beech forests, and six soil samples (20 × 20 cm square and to a depth of 10 cm) were collected in each relevé in mid-spring, after the germination season had ended. Soil seed bank was investigated using the seedling emergence method. A total of 63 species, 57 genera and 36 families was represented in the persistent soil seed bank of the forest communities. The seed bank contained 28 species not found as adult plants in the vegetation, but these were mostly early successional species. Size of the seed bank ranged from 3740 to 4676 individuals m⁻² in the Rusco hyrcani-Fagetum orientalis and Danae racemosae-Fagetum orientalis associations, respectively. Species composition of seed banks and aboveground vegetation had low similarity with an average of 24.3% in the four plant communities, because only 38% of the species were the same in the vegetation and the seed banks. Most seeds in the seed bank were from early successional species, and the only tree with a large persistent seed bank was the fast-growing pioneer Alnus subcordata. DCA ordination also demonstrated low similarity between soil seed bank and vegetation. The soil seed banks of the four beech communities did not differ significantly in size, composition, diversity and uniformity. Although above ground vegetation in the four community types is floristically distinct, there is considerable overlap among the soil seed banks because they contain in a similar way early successional species. Further, the absence of typical forest species in the soil seed bank indicates that restoration of forest tree species cannot rely on the soil seed bank.     

Influence of achene heteromorphism on life-cycle traits in the annual weed gallant soldier (Galinsoga parviflora Cav.)

Galinsoga parviflora (gallant soldier), Asteraceae, produces two morphologically distinct achenes in a single capitulum: peripheral and central. The morphological, phenological and generative reproduction traits of the progeny derived from peripheral and central achenes that were cultivated in greenhouse conditions were analyzed. Differences between the progeny of various morph types were manifested at different stages of life. The plants of both morph types developed at a similar rate and they entered key phenological phases at the same time except for the flowering stage. The average height of the studied plants was similar on the same days of the experiment. The study showed that plants from peripheral achenes realize the generative reproduction in other pattern than plants from central achenes. The plants from central achenes produce more capitula per plant at the beginning of the fruiting stage, whereas plants from peripheral seeds achieve the highest number of capitula per plant at later stages. Finally, on day 130 of the experiment, the number of capitula per plant of both morphs equalized. At the early fruiting stage, the number of achenes per capitulum of plants from the two morphs did not differ significantly. The number of achenes within one capitulum decreases with plant age in both populations, but the rate of that decline is greater in the progeny of peripheral seeds. The number of peripheral achenes per capitulum in plants from both achene types decreases at a comparable rate. In contrast, the number of central achenes is reduced at a faster rate in plants germinated from peripheral achenes. After day 83, the individuals from peripheral diaspores intensified their reproductive effort; they produced more capitula but with fewer number of achenes than in individuals from central diaspores. On day 130, the number of dispores per plant of the two morphs equalized. The changes of fecundity of peripheral and central progeny with the age of the plant (at different stages of the life cycle of a single plant) contribute to an intensive seed rain throughout the fruiting period. By producing a large number of less fertile capitula with a stable number of peripheral achenes, plants derived from peripheral achenes are able to supply a higher share of peripheral achenes than if they would produce fewer but more fertile capitula. This strategy increases the pool of peripheral achenes.     

Extended flowering in a Mediterranean shrub: Seasonal variability in seed quality and quantity

Fluctuating conditions throughout the year and changes in floral display may promote shifts in pollinator activity and predator pressure, influencing female reproductive output, especially for extended flowering species under seasonal climates. In this regard, flowering and fruit production were tracked in 2 different years in 2 populations of Ononis tridentata in Central Spain. Total fruit production was estimated, and fruits were harvested to obtain primary fruit investment, pollination success, predation incidence, seed production, seed weight and germination rates. Ononis tridentata combined spring mass flowering with a steady long flowering period across the summer and fall. The fewer flowers that are produced in fall were successfully pollinated, and produced fruits that were subject to minimal predation pressure relative to spring fruits. Moreover, fall fruits contained a higher number of heavier seeds and showed higher germination rates than those of spring seeds. Fall reproductive output represent 10% of annual viable seeds and thus may act as an important complement to the main spring reproductive investment. Extended flowering could be interpreted as a “bet-hedging strategy” for enduring Mediterranean unpredictable and changing environmental conditions.     

Lectin receptor-like kinase LecRK-VIII.2 is a missing link in MAPK signaling-mediated yield control

The energy allocation for vegetative and reproductive growth is regulated by developmental signals and environmental cues, which subsequently affects seed output. However, the molecular mechanism underlying how plants coordinate yield-related traits to control yield in changing source–sink relationships remains largely unknown. Here, we discovered the lectin receptor-like kinase LecRK-VIII.2 as a specific receptor-like kinase that coordinates silique number, seed size, and seed number to determine seed yield in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). The lecrk-VIII.2 mutants develop smaller seeds, but more siliques and seeds, leading to increased yield. In contrast, the plants overexpressing LecRK-VIII.2 form bigger seeds, but less siliques and seeds, which results in similar yield to that of wild-type plants. Interestingly, LecRK-VIII.2 promotes the growth of the rosette, root, and stem by coordinating the source–sink relationship. Additionally, LecRK-VIII.2 positively regulates cell expansion and proliferation in the seed coat, and maternally controls seed size. The genetic and biochemical analyses demonstrated that LecRK-VIII.2 acts upstream of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) gene MPK6 to regulate silique number, seed size, and seed number. Collectively, these findings uncover LecRK-VIII.2 as an upstream component of the MAPK signaling pathway to control yield-related traits and suggest its potential for crop improvement aimed at developing plants with stable yield, a robust root system, and improved lodging resistance.

A lectin receptor-like kinase regulates yield-related traits and coordinates the source–sink relationship in Arabidopsis.     

黔西北地区不同演替阶段植物群落结构与物种多样性特征

该文采用"空间代替时间"的方法,研究了贵州省威宁县喀斯特地区植被演替过程中的群落结构、物种组成、生活型谱和物种多样性的变化规律。结果表明:(1)该调查共记录到种子植物174种,隶属于52科117属,物种分布较多的有菊科、蔷薇科、禾本科、杜鹃花科、小檗科、唇形科、蓼科。(2)随着植被的正向演替,物种丰富度逐渐增加,群落结构趋于复杂,高位芽植物所占比例逐渐增大。(3)随着植被的恢复,群落层次分化逐渐明显,大径级植株所占比例呈现增加趋势。(4)随着植被的恢复,群落各层次的ShannonWiener多样性指数(H)、Simpson多样性指数(DS)、均匀度指数(J)和Margalef丰富度指数(DM)逐渐增加;不同演替阶段植物群落之间的Srensen相似系数呈现先上升后下降的趋势,Cody指数则表现为逐渐增加的趋势。黔西北地区不同演替阶段植物群落结构和物种多样性不同,建群种和关键种发生了明显变化,不同演替阶段植物群落结构和物种多样性的研究对喀斯特地区植被演替规律的认识和生态恢复具有重要意义。