Inhibition of tumor growth in mice by endostatin derived from abdominal transplanted encapsulated cells

Endostatin,a C-terminal fragment of collagen 18a,inhibits the growth of established tumorsand metastases in vivo by inhibiting angiogenesis.However,the purification procedures required for large-scale production and the attendant cost of these processes,together with the low effectiveness in clinicaltests,suggest that alternative delivery methods might be required for efficient therapeutic use of endostatin.In the present study,we transfected Chinese hamster ovary(CHO)cells with a human endostatin geneexpression vector and encapsulated the CHO cells in alginate-poly-L-lysine microcapsules.The release ofbiologically active endostatin was confirmed using the chicken chorioallantoic membrane assay.The encap-sulated endostatin-expressing CHO cells can inhibit the growth of primary tumors in a subcutaneous B 16tumor model when injected into the abdominal cavity of mouse.These results widen the clinical applicationof the microencapsulated cell endostatin delivery system in cancer treatment.     

Identification of the gene imds-60 in mouse epididymis

Sperm maturation, including the acquisition of motility and the full ability to fertilize oocyte, occurs during its transit through the dynamic environment of the epididymis. However, the roles of many genes involved in the process of sperm maturation still remain to be found. Based on an expressed sequence tag named imds-60, which was first found in uterus but is highly expressed in epididymis, the full-length cDNA sequence of imds-60 with a complete open reading frame was obtained in mouse epididymis by GenBank searching, polymerase chain reaction-based procedures, and 5＇- and 3＇-rapid amplification of cDNA ends. This protein was predicted to have an N-terminal signal peptide and a C-terminal DNase I-like domain with nine transmembrane motifs in the middle part of the protein. Northern blot analysis showed that the mRNA of imds-60 was highly expressed in epididymis but at a rather lower level in uterus, seminal vesicle gland, and stomach. Further study revealed that the mRNA of imds-60 is only expressed in corpus and cauda regions of epididymis, not in caput. It is regulated partially by androgen and peaked in male mice aged from 3 weeks to adult. The imds-60 protein might play an important role in cell communication during sperm maturation.     

Comparison of transformation efficiency of piggyBac transposon among three different silkworm Bombyx mori Strains

The transformation rate of three different strains of silkworm Bombyx mori was comparedafter the introduction of enhanced green fluorescence protein (EGFP)-encoding genes into the silkwormeggs by microinjection of a mixture of piggyBac vector and helper plasmid containing a transposase-encodingsequence.Although there were no significant differences among the three strains in the percentages offertile moths in microinjected eggs (P=0.1258),the percentages of G_0 transformed moths in fertile mothsand injected eggs were both significantly different (P=0.01368 and P=0.02398, respectively).Thetransformation rate of the Nistari strain (Indian strain) was significantly higher than that of the other twostrains,Golden-yellow-cocoon (Vietnamese strain) and Jiaqiu (Chinese strain),which had similar rate. Theseresults indicate that the transformation efficiency of the piggyBac-based system might vary with silkwormstrains with different genetic backgrounds.The presence of endogenous piggyBac-like elements might bean important factor influencing the transformation efficiency of introduced piggyBac-derived vectors,andthe diverse amount and activation in different silkworm strains might account for the significant differences.     

3种荒漠盐生植物根系及根毛形态特征的比较研究

在水培条件下,针对梭梭、囊果碱蓬和钠猪毛菜3种荒漠盐生植物,研究它们苗期在不同盐浓度条件下根系和根毛形态的差异。结果表明：一定浓度的盐分可以促进3种盐生植物生长,但较高浓度的盐抑制其生长,特别是对根系生长的抑制作用更大。在同样盐浓度下,钠猪毛菜的生长最快,生物量也最大。在盐分浓度较低时,3种盐生植物的主根长和总根长都有所增加,与对照相比,囊果碱蓬增加的幅度较大,但高浓度的盐会抑制根系总长度的增加,其中囊果碱蓬较梭梭和钠猪毛菜抑制的程度轻。盐分对3种植物的根系平均直径没有显著的影响,但有减小的趋势。在水培条件下,梭梭和囊果碱蓬的根系上、中、下部分布的较均匀,而钠猪毛菜的根系中部比上部和下部有显著的增加,盐分对每种植物的根系的分布没有显著的影响。3种植物的根毛与根系生长环境中的盐浓度没有明显相关性;3种植物之间,根毛的长度和密度有显著差异。从根系和根毛的形态特征可以推断：囊果碱蓬比梭梭和钠猪毛菜具有较强的抗旱性和耐极薄能力;梭梭的耐盐能力较其它2种植物差,囊果碱蓬的耐盐性最强。     

发根农杆菌转化怀地黄再生植株

利用发根农杆菌15834菌株感染怀地黄组培苗子叶、叶柄和茎切段,建立了有效的毛状根培养及其植株再生体系。毛状根可直接从受伤的外植体产生,能在无外源激素的1/2MS固体和液体培养基上自主生长,表现出典型的发根特征。用100μmol/L乙酰丁香酮处理对数生长期的农杆菌菌液感染子叶获得了46.7%的最高转化频率;在附加0.2mg/L KT和3.0mg/L 6/BA的1/2 MS培养基上,毛状根能100%形成愈伤组织,51.49%分化出芽;分化芽在1/2 MS培养基上100%生根,形成具有矮化、节间短和根系发达等特征的转化再生植株且移栽后生长旺盛;1个转化毛状根克隆的梓醇含量为0.557mg/g,是鲜地黄梓醇含量的48.5%,是生地鲜重梓醇含量的18%。rolB基因PCR、Southem blot分析、冠瘿碱纸电泳和RT-PCR扩增检测证明农杆菌Ri质粒上的T-DNA整合到怀地黄基因组中并表达。     

喉癌组织中血管内皮生长因子、CD1a阳性树突状细胞表达及相关性的研究

目的:观察喉癌病人癌组织内CDla~ 树突状细胞(dendritic cells,DC)的分布、形态学特征以及血管内皮生长因子(vascular endothelial growth factor,VEGF)的表达情况,同时探讨喉癌组织CDla~ DC分布与VEGF表达的关系。方法:采用抗VEGF、抗CDla抗体进行免疫组化染色和透射电镜等方法研究了42例喉癌组织。结果:喉癌组织CDla~ 树突状细胞树突状细胞形态不规则,表面有许多不规则树状突起。大部分散在分布于癌巢内,与肿瘤细胞有密切接触,少量分布于癌巢之间的间质和癌周组织。喉癌组织内CDla~ DC密度与喉癌临床期次呈明显的负相关,而VEGF的表达与喉癌临床期次呈明显的正相关。喉癌组织中VEGF表达明显升高的病例,其CDla~ DC密度显著降低。结论:癌巢内树突状细胞为不成熟状态的DC,与肿瘤细胞密切接触而捕获肿瘤抗原。喉癌组织中VEGF表达与DC含量呈负相关。     

酸性成纤维细胞生长因子对庆大霉素和顺铂所致肾小管上皮细胞损伤的保护作用

目的:研究酸性成纤维细胞生长因子(aFGF)对庆大霉素(GM)和顺铂(DDP)引起的体外培养肾小管上皮细胞损害的保护作用。方法:大鼠肾皮质经研磨、过网、胰蛋白酶消化,进行肾小管上皮细胞的体外培养。经Cytokeratin 18抗体进行鉴定后,用GM、DDP建立损伤模型,观察aFGF对损伤的肾小管上皮细胞的保护作用。结果:①经形态学观察、GM或DDP组与对照组比较,CAT、SOD、GSH-Px、Na~ -K~ -ATP酶活性下降,而NAG活性和NO、MDA升高(P<0.01或P<0.05),提示肾小管上皮细胞的培养和GM、DDP损伤的建模成功。②aFGF GM或DDP组与GM组或DDP组比较,大多数生化和酶学指标有显著或非常显著性差异(P<0.05或P<0.01);而aFGF GM或DDP组与对照组比较,CAT、NAG、GSH-Px、Na~ -K~ -ATP酶活性无显著性差异,但SOD活性下降、NO、MDA升高尚有显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论:aFGF对GM、DDP损伤的肾小管上皮细胞有明显的保护作用。