Palmin诱导烟草氧化猝发的机制

为探讨植物对病原微生物的防御机制和激发子启动植物体内的信号转导应答过程 ,本文研究了Phytoph thorapalmi激发子palmin诱导其非寄主亲和性烟草的叶片和悬浮细胞系产生氧化猝发的分子机理。利用生化分析和激光共聚焦显微扫描技术动态观察palmin诱导烟草过敏反应中O·- 2 和H2 O2 的形成、胞间转移及引起细胞死亡的特性。结果表明 :palmin诱导激活了烟草细胞内NADPH氧化酶 ,产生大量的O·- 2 ;O·- 2 在SOD催化下迅速转变成H2 O2 ,并且H2 O2 在一定范围的细胞间转移和积累 ,最后诱发烟草细胞的过敏性坏死反应。palmin诱导氧化猝发过程还有Ca2 和蛋白激酶的参与。     

Characterization and mapping of a novel mutant sms1 (senescence and male sterility 1) in rice

Plant senescence plays diverse important roles in development and environmental responses.However,the molecular basis of plant senescence is remained largely unknown.A rice spontaneous mutant with the character of early senescence and male sterility (sms) was found in the breeding line NT10-748.In order to identify the gene SMS1 and the underlying mechanism,we preliminarily analyzed physiological and biochemical phenotypes of the mutant.The mutant contained lower chlorophyll content compared with the wild t...     

短柄五加开花及传粉生物学研究

本文对短柄五加（Ｅｌｅｕｔｈｅｒｏｃｏｃｃｕｓｂｒａｃｈｙｐｕｓ）的花期物候、开花式样、访花昆虫种类、访花行为及访花频率进行了观察,对花粉活力、柱头可授性、花粉胚珠比以及传粉效果和繁育系统做了检测。初步结果表明,短柄五加以根茎进行无性繁殖,１个居群为１个无性系。虽自交亲和,但昆虫的访花活动可显著提高座果率。昆虫传粉主要在无性系内异花间进行,属于广义的自花传粉。传粉者为多种不同的昆虫,包括马蜂和胡蜂在内的蜂类、蝇类和甲虫。其花期物候、花粉活力、柱头可授期和蜜汁分泌期等特征使其能够适应环境,从而获得较高的座果率。平均座果率为６５％,饱满种子率为４５．５％。自然条件下未发现实生苗,广义的自花传粉导致的种子质量低下可能是其原因,也是限制短柄五加分布范围的重要因素。     

影响CCID50法测定麻疹活疫苗效力的因素

对麻疹活疫苗效力测定ＣＣＩＤ５０法的某些影响因素如：滴定用细胞的敏感性、培养液的酸碱度、培养板放孵的温度等进行了试验分析。结果表明：１）滴定用细胞的敏感性对试验结果有显著影响。Ｖｅｒｏ细胞比ＦＬ细胞敏感得多（均差＝０．５０９ＬｇＣＣＩＤ５０／ｍｌ）。２）在用ＦＬ细胞滴定时,培养液的酸碱度及培养温度则对试验结果的影响不显著。３）在常规生产中,采用Ｖｅｒｏ细胞进行麻疹活疫苗的效力试验,提高了检定的敏感性和合格率。     

检测乙肝表面抗原夹心法中使用不同抗体的对比配伍研究

在提高乙型肝炎表面抗原（ＨＢｓＡｇ）酶联免疫诊断盒灵敏度的研究中对包被抗体、酶标记用抗体作了大量的筛选、对比实验。结果表明,包被单克隆抗体配伍酶标记山羊或豚鼠多克隆抗体可使乙肝表面抗原检测灵敏度达到０．２ｎｇ,超过中国药品生物制品检定所要求的１ｎｇ批批检合格标准,同时,特异性及变异系数均合乎要求,从而提高了试剂盒的质量。这一研究结果对提高其它以夹心法为原理的检测灵敏度有重要意义。     

Fundulus heteroclitus卵子的发育能力的研究

以实验的方法来研究 Fundulus heteroclitus 卵子分裂球的发育能力,最早的工作是 Morgan 1893和1895年的报告。他在2细胞时期,用针穿破卵膜,刺死一个分裂球。针抽出后,轻轻的抑压卵膜,挤出刺死的分裂球的细胞质,但不损伤下面的卵黄。经过这样手术以后,遗留在膜内的分裂球能继续发育。68个卵子中,20个左右在胚胎形成前死亡,其余都能继续发育,成为正常的胚胎。胚胎的身体一般比正常的小,比正常的二分之一来得大。Morgan 在他1893年的论文中,认为去掉一半分裂球的卵子,发育成为大于二分之一胚胎的原因,是留存的细胞质多于二分之一的结果。因在2细胞时期,     

1999年第一批农业生物遗传工程体及其产品安全性评价申报与审批情况

１９９９年第一批农业生物遗传工程体及其产品的安全性评价共收到申报项目７２个,其中植物类５９项,植物用微生物８项,兽用微生物４项,水生动植物１项。植物类申请中涉及的物种为：棉花、玉米、水稻、甘薯、马铃薯、甜椒、番茄、杨。植物类中申请商品化生产２２项,批...     

Study of the tolerance of Hippochaete ramosissimum to Cu stress

We investigated the tolerance of Hippochaete ramosissimum and the changes in physiological metabolism following exposure to copper using pot experiments and analyzing plant physiology and biochemistry. The results showed that Cu tolerance in Hippochaete ramosissimum varied significantly between different populations; the tolerance of plants living in Cu polluted areas for extended periods of time exceeded that of plants living in unpolluted areas. SOD and POD activities in highly Cu tolerant plants increased noticeably following exposure to Cu. This indicates that maintaining and increasing the two kinds of protective enzyme activities are the primary foundations of plant tolerance. However, no change in CAT activity was demonstrated following Cu exposure. In summary, there existed considerable differences in physiological metabolism between different populations of Hippochaete ramosissimum following exposure to Cu.     

Upland rice and lowland rice exhibited different P/P expression under water deficit and ABA treatment

Aquaporins play a significant role in plant water relations.To further understand the aquaporin function in plants underwater stress,the expression of a subgroup of aquaporins,plasma membrane intrinsic proteins(PIPs),was studied at boththe protein and mRNA level in upland rice(Oryza sativa L.cv.Zhonghan 3)and lowland rice(Oryza sativa L.cv.Xiushui63)when they were water stressed by treatment with 20% polyethylene glycol(PEG).Plants responded differently to20% PEG treatment.Leaf water content of upland rice leaves was reduced rapidly.PIP protein level increased markedlyin roots of both types,but only in leaves of upland rice after 10h of PEG treatment.At the mRNA level,OsPIP1;2,Os-PIP1;3,OsPIP2;1 and OsPIP2;5 in roots as well as OsPIP1;2 and OsPIP1;3 in leaves were significantly up-regulatedin upland rice,whereas the corresponding genes remained unchanged or down-regulated in lowland rice.Meanwhile,weobserved a significant increase in the endogenous abscisic acid(ABA)level in upland rice but not in lowland rice underwater deficit.Treatment with 60μM ABA enhanced the expression of OsPIP1;2,OsPIP2;5 and OsPIP2;6 in roots andOsPIP1;2,OsPIP2;4 and OsPIP2;6 in leaves of upland rice.The responsiveness of PIP genes to water stress and ABAwere different,implying that the regulation of PIP genes involves both ABA-dependent and ABA-independent signalingpathways during water deficit.