关于2010年继续开展“生物医学”优秀论文评选活动的通知

<正>为促进我国生物医学研究的进步与发展,本刊经研究决定于2010年继续开展"生物医学"优秀论文评选活动。为了确保优秀论文评比的公证与公平性,编辑部现将有关事项通知如下:     

荨麻科肉被麻属的修正

作者检查了肉被麻属及球隔麻属的模式及其他大量标本后,认为它们是同一个单种属。它们均具有环状柱头和肉质的具4一5裂的管状花被,这与它们各自的原描述都有所不同。球隔麻、球隔麻属及球隔麻亚族应分别被归并作为肉被麻、肉被麻属及肉被麻亚族的异名。与此同时,肉被麻及肉被麻属的定义也应进行修正。     

万寿竹属一新种

<正> 广西(Guangxi)都安县(Duan Xian),下坳公社,1978年4月16日都安调查队(Exped.Duan)4—10—30(模式,存广西中医药研究所。Holotypus, in Herb. Inst.Tradit. Medic. Pharm. Guangxi. conserv.)。 根状茎短;根肉质,粗1—3毫米,有纵皱纹和细毛。茎直立,高约80厘米,直径3—6毫米,上部有分枝。叶薄纸质至纸质,椭圆形至卵状矩圆形,长5—9.5厘米,宽1.5—5—     

人类病毒性肿瘤——传染性软疣的电子显微镜研究

传染性软疣(Molluscum Contagiosum)是人类的良性皮肤赘瘤。有关本病病原的性质曾有过许多研究,其病毒性病因也早已确定。但有关本病的病毒和受侵细胞的超微结构研究还不多,而且意见仍不一致。近年来由于病毒与肿瘤的关系日益为人们所注意,传染性软疣再次被列入研究的内容。由于大量动物病毒性肿瘤的发现,病毒可以引起某些动物肿瘤的问题已经很少有人怀疑,但是病毒引起肿瘤的机转,尤其是肿瘤病毒与一般传染性病毒之间的区别何在。     

黑蛋巢菌属新种和新变种

本文报道了黑蛋巢菌属Cyathus四个新种和二个新变种,它们分别是:内蒙黑蛋巢菌Cyathus neimonggolensis Liu et Y.M.Li,盘柄黑蛋巢菌C.discostipltatus Liu et Y.M.Li,太原黑蛋巢菌C.taiyuanensis Liu et Y.M.Li,毛被黑蛋巢菌C.hirtulus Liu et Y.M.Li,天山黑蛋巢毛被变种C.tianshanensis Liu et Cao var.tomentosus Liu, Cao et Y.M.Li,环状黑蛋巢武夷山变种 C. annulatus Brodie var. wuyishanensis Liu et Y.M.Li。全部模式标本均保存在山西大学真菌标本室。     

菜豆叶片衰老期间叶绿体被膜膜脂与脂肪酸组分的变化

菜豆叶片叶绿体总脂和被膜膜脂中均含有单半乳糖甘油二脂和双半乳糖甘油二脂,在整个衰老期间两种糖脂的比值变化不大。叶绿体总脂中含有5种磷脂,脂肪酸以不饱和的亚麻酸为主,而被膜膜脂中仅含磷脂酰胆碱和磷脂酰甘油,脂肪酸以饱和的棕榈酸为主,不饱和亚油酸为次。叶片衰老过程中被膜所含两种磷脂比值明显降低,脂肪酸的不饱和指数也因亚麻酸相对含量显著减少、棕榈酸相对含量增加而降低。     

在被小泡参与突触前后膜特化增厚的形态学研究

Our object was to characterize the morphological changes of coated vesicles and synaptic membranes during synaptogenesis. Neurons from spinal cords of fetal mice were established as isolated cells in primary culture. After a few days in vitro, the neurons extended their neurites and started their interaction. At timed intervals thereafter, cultures were fixed for electron microscopic observation. Coated vesicles were prominent in the neuronal cytoplasm at the time of synaptogenesis (about 7-10 days in vitro). Similar vesicles were seen in continuity with some cisternae in the Golgi regions and there was an increase in number during the synaptogenic period. Indeed it is not established whether the coated vesicles were exocytotic or pinocytotic in nature, but the cisternae which were in continuity with coated vesicles could be labelled by glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pase) but not by thiamine pyrophosphatase (TPPase). Such vesicles were also seen in continuity with the neuronal plasmalemma near the closest contact site and contributed their undercoating to pre- and postsynaptic densities. The formation of bilateral membrane specialization was described as being structurally similar to synaptic active zones and appeared to be the first definitive sign of synapseformation. It has been suggested that the synaptic dense material may derive wholly or in part from the exocytic coated vesicles which apparently budding off from endoplasmic reticulum cisternae. This incorporation could provide the mechanism for confining specific characteristics of neuronal membrane to the synaptic region.     

蓝氏贾第虫核被膜缺口的电镜观寨

双滴虫类是迄今所知的现存最原始的真核生物类群。以蓝氏贾第虫作为双滴虫类的代表,对其细胞核进行了电镜观察。除了未见有核仁外,还发现其核被膜的横切面上存在有缺口。在缺口的边缘处,核内膜与校外膜是相互连接着的,表明并非切片时所造成的假象。核被膜缺口处常有一核纤层样的薄层分隔核质与细胞质。用高锰酸钾固定细胞以求只保存膜结构时,核被膜缺口仍然可见,上述的薄层即未见到。核被膜缺口的发现证实了李靖炎（１９７９）的核被膜起源假说所作出的推断。     

羊奶果根瘤侵入线和被侵染细胞的亚显微结构

羊奶果根瘤的侵入线总是在几个相邻细胞的细胞间隙中出现。在根瘤发生部位未根毛的变形。侵入线似一囊状物,其内含物有丝状物和基质,侵和主线的壁部分或全部加厚,并与周围的寄主细胞壁相连。侵入线呈多种形态,在被侵染细胞中,细胞核膨大,并分叉变成指状核。