有机膜在谷氨酸发酵液分离中的应用研究

目的：采用有机微滤膜和超滤膜连续过滤谷氨酸发酵液,去除菌体蛋白,以利于后续的提取操作。方法：利用微滤膜去除菌体及大分子蛋白等杂质,微滤透过液进入超滤膜系统,进一步去除小分子蛋白及色素等,再利用浓缩连续等电法进行提取,得到谷氨酸。结果：发酵液经过滤后,可溶性蛋白、色素去除率分别可达到86.7%和63.2%,谷氨酸的损失率仅为0.6%;谷氨酸的提取收率和纯度分别可达到95%和99%。结论：利用有机膜系统处理谷氨酸发酵液,可高效去除发酵液中的菌体蛋白和色素等,明显地提高了谷氨酸的提取收率及纯度。     

膜法提取L-丙氨酸工艺研究

本文研究针对发酵法生产的L-丙氨酸。首先将L-丙氨酸发酵液加热预处理,用陶瓷超滤膜除去发酵液中菌体、大分子蛋白等杂质得到超滤液,然后将超滤液经纳滤膜除去色素、小分子蛋白、无机盐得纳滤液,纳滤液再经过真空浓缩、结晶、离心、烘干、包装得到L-丙氨酸成品。L-丙氨酸离心母液返回至纳滤工序套用,最终总提取平均收率大于91%,产品质量符合日本味之素企业(AJI97)和中国企业(食品级)标准。     

溶液的pH对离子交换法提取赖氨酸的影响

氨基酸的分离和提取,工业上以离子交换法为主,L-赖氨酸的提取也不例外。影响离子交换过程的因素较多,关键是选择合适的离子交换树脂,其次应注意选择合适的操作条件。当离子交换树脂和提取的对象已经确定,则选择合适的操作条件就成为主要矛盾,最重要的操作条件是交换时的pH值。     

重组蛋白G基因工程菌高密度发酵及其分离纯化

蛋白G是链球菌细胞壁蛋白,能和哺乳免疫球蛋白结合,在分离抗体研究方面具有重要的作用。重组蛋白G(SPG)基因重组工程菌高密度发酵工艺和SPG分离纯化研究工艺直接影响了蛋白G的应用。通过一级、二级种子培养,转接到发酵罐及控制补料浓度、加入IPTG等条件,考察了接种量、氧气、pH、培养方式等发酵工艺,以及超声破碎菌体、镍柱亲和层析、Sephadex G-25凝胶过滤层析和DEAE-FF离子交换层析分离提取SPG工艺,并用SDS-PAGE检测分离提取效果。高密度发酵能得到至少80g/L的菌体,最高达到150g/L的菌体,每升发酵液可得到1g的SPG。本生产工艺可得到高浓度和高产量的SPG。     

离子交换法在L-精氨酸发酵生产提取工艺中的应用研究

在发酵生产L-精氢酸的提取工艺中,对提取总收率影响较大的离子交换工艺进行了研究。结果表明,用国产强酸性001×7树脂对发酵液中的L-精氨酸进行动态交换吸附,当上柱流速控制在1/50vvm条件下,其交换量为1.135meq/ml湿树脂。用2.5mol/L氨水洗脱,流速控制在1/50vvm时,其洗脱效果最好。用国产201×4树脂进行脱色,每10ml树脂可脱色160ml以上的洗脱液,透光度大于90%,几乎不发生交换吸附L-精氨酸的现象。离子交换工序收率大于95%。     

单柱法分离L-缬氨酸的工艺研究

本文用离子交换树脂从发酵液中分离中性(支链)氨基酸——L-缬氨酸,进行了一些探讨。将双柱串联分离(Ⅰ—号工艺)改为单柱一次分离(Ⅱ—号工艺) 本工艺的小试与放大试验(65L柱)的数据基本吻合,均达到了:离交周期<30小时。单斑收率约90%,具有降低成本、提高收率,减少投资等优点。还介绍了,以线性梯度洗脱为依据的Ⅲ—号工艺,具有单斑收率也较高,更快速的优点。     

L-缬氨酸的发酵工艺研究

目的:以黄色短杆菌XV0505为生产菌株,探讨发酵培养基和发酵控制条件对L-缬氨酸的产量和糖酸转化率的影响。方法:应用单因素实验确定发酵的工艺条件;利用纸层析-色斑洗脱比色法测定发酵液中L-缬氨酸的含量。结果:在最优发酵条件下,通过10L罐流加发酵72h,产酸量可达53.4g/L,糖酸转化率为26.7%,分别比补料分批发酵提高11.9%和3.5%。结论:环境因子和发酵控制工艺对发酵生产L-缬氨酸具有重要影响。     

重组毕赤酵母表达华根霉脂肪酶发酵液的絮凝除菌条件研究

在重组毕赤酵母表达华根霉脂肪酶的研究中,目的蛋白的提取收率是关键.由于产物脂肪酶是分泌在发酵液中,常用的方法是加入絮凝剂使茵体沉淀,再通过离心获取上清液中的目的蛋白.本研究改良了传统的絮凝剂配方,确定了絮凝剂的新配方:发酵液中加入2%的氯化钙以及磷酸氢二钠按摩尔比1:1混合液,500 mg/L聚丙烯酰胺,同时调节发酵液...     

生物基尼龙聚丁内酰胺单体γ-氨基丁酸的纯化工艺研究

为掌握从谷氨酸发酵液提取生物基尼龙聚丁内酰胺单体γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)的技术,本文研究了膜过滤联合离子交换吸附和洗脱的工艺,并且使用活性炭进行脱色。膜过滤过程中初始大跨膜压差为0.85 bar,过滤温度控制在38℃;离子交换过程采用QY-021-a强酸型阳离子交换树脂,常温下吸附-洗脱的操作方法;经旋转蒸发浓缩后,添加15%(碳对固形物含量之比)活性炭,温度为65℃,搅拌40 min脱色。结果表明:平均膜通量为128 L/m2·h,浓缩倍数为33.3倍。经取样检测膜透过液样品,浓缩液样品计算GABA收率为97.7%,微滤膜以及膜表面污染物上无GABA截留和吸附截留;离子交换经5 BV洗脱后计算收率,吸附-洗脱过程的收率为92.8%;使用活性碳B的脱色率为94.2%,GABA收率为99.2%。该工艺的总收率为85%,该工艺具有工业化应用前景,并且可以通过优化离子交换工艺和设备进一步提高收率。     

氨基酸制备色谱-Dpsc离子交换树脂柱分离发酵L-缬氨酸

从苯乙烯、甲基丙烯酸甲酯、二乙烯苯合成了具有磺酸、羧酸功能基团的新型Dpsc离子交换树脂,并对其表征了选择性、分离度、理论等板高度。用新型Dpsc离子交换树脂在制备规模从发酵缬氨酸液中分离制备了L-缬氨酸,应用0.2mo·L-1NH4Cl和0.5mol·L-1NH4OH,流速6.0mL·min-1,温度25℃,梯度洗脱,减少保留体积4/5。     

重组胰高血糖素样肽-1与人血清白蛋白融合蛋白的纯化及活性研究

利用构建的重组菌株Pichia pastoris GS115/GLP-1/HSA,在10L发酵罐中表达了胰高血糖素样肽-1与人血清白蛋白融合蛋白(GLP-1/HSA),表达量为63.6mg/L。发酵液经中空纤维柱浓缩、疏水层析、阴离子交换层析和凝胶过滤分离纯化,获得了较高纯度的GLP-1/HSA,经HPLC分析纯度达95.8%。进一步的体内活性分析结果表明,GLP-1/HSA不仅具有天然GLP-1的生物活性,而且在给药后4h仍能发挥显著性降血糖作用。以上结果表明,利用Pichia pastoris分泌型表达系统和建立的分离纯化方法,能获得大量较高纯度的GLP-1/HSA,为进一步研究和开发能够用于糖尿病临床治疗的长效GLP-1类似物奠定了基础。     

Recovery of ammonium lactate and removal of hardness from fermentation broth by nanofiltration

Nanofiltration (NF) was investigated as an alternative to desalting electrodialysis (ED) and ion exchange for the recovery of ammonium lactate from fermentation broth. Three commercial NF membranes, NF45, NF70, and NTR-729HF, were characterized with 50 mM NaCl, MgSO(4), and glucose solutions. NF45 membrane was selected because it showed the lowest rejection of monovalent ion, the highest rejection of divalent ion, and the highest rejection of nonpolar molecule. Effects of the operating pressure were investigated in a range of 100-400 psig, on the flux, lactate recovery, and glucose and magnesium removal from a real fermentation broth containing about 1.0 M of ammonium lactate. The flux and recovery rate increased linearly with the pressure. However, lactate rejection also increased with the pressure, lowering the recovery yield. More magnesium ions and glucose were rejected as the pressure was increased, and at 400 psig, for example, magnesium ion was almost completely rejected, highlighting the chance of obviating the necessity of ion exchange to remove hardness, by using NF instead of desalting ED. Membrane fouling was not so severe as expected, considering the complex nature and a rather high concentration of the fermentation broth treated.     

Purification during crossflow electromicrofiltration of fermentation broth

The present study was to investigate the purification of a fermentation broth by an electromicrofiltration membrane. Microfiltration runs with a crude and a centrifuged broth, with solution of particles recovered from centrifugation and with permeates from microfiltration experiments were thus compared.Microfiltration performances were governed by colloids and small particles that induced sharp initial flux declines. For these results, the evolution of the overall membrane resistance was increased by 80% in comparison with the electromicrofiltration membrane. The main focus of this study was set on the enhancement of the filtrate flux by an electric field. This pressure electrofiltration leads to a drastic improvement of the filtration by 100% and the filtration time was thereby reduced. Pressure electrofiltration serves as an interesting alternative to the cross-flow filtration and it effectively separates advantageous constituents such as amino acids and biopolymers from a fermentation broth. They were equally maintained during the microelectrofiltration, although they were significantly reduced by 45% by the microfiltration without the application of an electric field. Accordingly, since the electrofiltration membrane was provided more permeability, this study experimentally demonstrates that the permeability inside a membrane can be controlled using an electric field.     

重组胰高血糖素样肽-1与人血清白蛋白融合蛋白的纯化及活性研究

利用构建的重组菌株Pichia pastoris GS115/GLP-1/HSA,在10L发酵罐中表达了胰高血糖素样肽-1与人血清白蛋白融合蛋白（GLP-1/HSA）,表达量为63.6mg/L。发酵液经中空纤维柱浓缩、疏水层析、阴离子交换层析和凝胶过滤分离纯化,获得了较高纯度的GLP-1/HSA,经HPLC分析纯度达95.8%。进一步的体内活性分析结果表明,GLP-1/HSA不仅具有天然GLP-1的生物活性,而且在给药后4 h仍能发挥显著性降血糖作用。以上结果表明,利用Pichia pastoris分泌型表达系统和建立的分离纯化方法,能获得大量较高纯度的GLP-1/HSA,为进一步研究和开发能够用于糖尿病临床治疗的长效GLP-1类似物奠定了基础。     

Kinetics and mass transfer for lactic acid recovered with anion exchange method in fermentation solution

An anion exchange method for lactic acid recovered from lactic acid-glucose solution in an ion-exchange membrane-based extractive fermentation system was examined. The exchange isotherms of anion exchange resins for lactic acid recovered were measured batchwise, and the exchange-desorption kinetics of lactic acid passing through the exchange column was investigated. The determined typical breakthrough and elution curves were measured and simulated by conventional mode. The mass transfer coefficients were identified by numberical method. The effects of the velocity of the fluid on the dynamics were studied. Aqueous NaOH solution was found to be the best solvent for elution. An experiment on anioun exchange from clarified lactic acid fermentation broth was carried out to obtain knowledge of the performance of the ion exchange system from a borth. The ion-exchange mass-transfer coefficient and efficiency from the fermentation broth is found to be lower when compared with aqueous solutions of pure lactic acid. The results show that the separation method with anion exchange resins may be used in the production of lactic acid by fermentation.(c) 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

Factors affecting membrane fouling in filtration of Saccharomyces cerevisiae in an internal ceramic filter bioreactor

Filtration of ethanol fermentation medium and broth by using symmetric and asymmetric ceramic membranes has been studied in an internal filter bioreactor. Factors studied included membrane structure and pore size, medium sterilization, and concentrations of glucose, yeast extract in the medium, yeast cell and protein in broth. The aim was to determine the main factors responsible for the decline in filtration performance during ethanol fermentation by Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Flux index (Fi) of a new concept has been developed to evaluate the degree of flux decline during the membrane fouling process. Fi was defined as the ratio of the membrane flux at certain filtration time (t?=?t) to the initial (t?=??0) flux of pure water, not the initial (t?=?+0) flux of the test fluid. Flux with sterilized medium was approximately two-fold higher than that with unsterilized medium although the reason could not be explained clearly. Glucose, interaction between glucose and yeast extract, yeast cells, and proteins in fermentation broth were found to play an important part in membrane fouling. Fi of the symmetric membrane decreased to a less extent than that of the asymmetric membrane with increasing glucose concentration. But, the result with various yeast cell concentrations turned out to be contrary. Fouling was more serious for asymmetric membrane during the filtration of fermentation supernatant. This was thought to be due to different fouling mechanisms for the two types of membrane.     

Production of valine by a Bacillus sp.

A bacterium isolated from Burdwan (India) soil was found to accumulate L-valine in the growth medium and identified to be a strain of Bacillus subtilis. The strain is able to grow and accumulate valine in a purely synthetic medium, but supplementation of the synthetic medium with either Casamino acids or yeast extract or with both, significantly improves the yield. The entire fermentation period can be divided into a growth phase and a production phase, which can be prolonged by adjustment of pH to the neutral range. Among the different carbon and nitrogen sources tested glucose at 8.5% and L-glutamic acid at 0.8%, respectively, were found most suitable. Cane sugar molasses tested as a substitute for glucose significantly stimulated growth but valine production was less. Different vitamins tested stimulated growth and valine yield and an inoculum level of 10% (v/v) of the medium was found to be optimal. The yield of valine under optimal conditions was found to be 4.53 g per litre of the medium. Valine has been isolated in crystalline form from the fermented broth by ion exchange resin chromatography and found to be a pure sample of the L-isomer.     

The Effect of Gas Sparging in Cross‐Flow Microfiltration of 2,3‐Butanediol Fermentation Broth

Recovery of 2,3‐butanediol from a fermentation broth entails the separation of cells and other suspended solids as the initial step for subsequent separation stages. The aim of this work was to study the cross‐flow filtration of broth in the fermentation of 2,3‐butanediol from blackstrap molasses by Klebsiella oxytoca (NRRL B‐199). A plate type laboratory scale cross‐flow microfiltration unit with a 0.2‐μm cellulose acetate membrane was employed for this purpose. Preliminary results showed that the permeate flux would decline rapidly due to fouling caused by the natural impurities of blackstrap molasses, and modifications of the conventional cross‐flow filtration would be essential to achieve a filtration rate appropriate for practical purposes. In this work, the permeate flux was enhanced by air sparging, which scoured the membrane surface of colloidal deposits and allowed a practical filtration rate to be maintained. The average permeate flux increased by 39 % and 54 % for an air sparging rate of 0.5 L/min and 1.0 L/min respectively, in the case of an initial biomass concentration of 4.66 g/L. For an initial biomass concentration of 14.2 g/L, the flux increased by 105 % and 146 % for the gas rate of 0.5 and 1.0 L/min, respectively. It may be concluded that gas sparging is beneficial in cross‐flow filtration of thick suspensions like a fermentation broth.     

Innovative modular membrane adsorber system for high-throughput downstream screening for protein purification

To develop the most efficient strategy for the purification of proteins, two types of adsorber membrane devices with different functionalities were designed and tested: 8-strips and single spin columns. The most suitable type of membrane adsorber and the optimal chromatographic loading/elution conditions for several target proteins from different biological matrices could be determined simultaneously in microliter scale. Ion exchange (IEX), metal chelate (MC), and Concanavalin A (Con A) modified membrane types were tested in the devices. Bovine serum albumin (BSA) and lysozyme were used as model proteins for investigations of the binding capacity and protein recovery percentage of the 8-strip anion exchange and the cation exchange membrane. The isolation of His(6)-tagged proteins, Bgl-His and GFP-His from fermentation broth and lysate, respectively, was performed using an 8-strip metal chelate affinity membrane loaded with different metal ions. Separation behavior of a ternary protein mixture (BSA, lysozyme, and Bgl-His) was studied in 8-strips IEX and metal chelate membrane chromatography. The Con A affinity devices were developed on the basis of metal chelate membrane spin columns loaded with Cu(2+) ions and investigated using glucose oxidase (GOD) as model protein. In summary, the advantages of the membrane adsorber technology, such as fast processing and easy scale-up, were utilized. The devices made it possible to load the membrane directly with preclarified fermentation broth or cell lysate and separate the protein of interest often in a single step.