中国两性生殖卤虫同工酶基因的表达及分类地位

采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶垂直板电泳法,对中国１１个不同地理吕系两性生殖卤虫的１０种同工酶的基因表达情况和各品系卤虫的分类地位进行了研究。分析了编码１０种同工酶的２１个座位,４６个等位基因。实验和分析结果表明中两性生殖卤虫各品系均属于Ａ．ｓｉｎｉｃａ,而不属于Ａ;ｕｒｍｉａｎａ。     

中国孤雌生殖卤虫中多倍体同工酶基因的表达

采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶垂直板电泳地,对中国孤雌生殖卤虫１０个品系的２６个多倍体单个体克隆的９种同工酶的基因表达情况、种群遗传结构以及进化关系进行了研究。在研究的９种同工酶中ＬＤＨ、６ＰＧＤＨ、ＧＤＨ为单态酶、ＭＤＨ、ＰＯＤ、ＥＳＴ、ＡＣＰ、ＡＬＰ和α－ＡＭＹ为多态酶。ＭＤＨ、ＰＯＤ重复基因不表达。为功能二倍体,ＥＳＴ、ＡＣＰ、ＡＬＰ和α－ＡＭＹ重复基因表达。,以遗传相似系数所做的聚类分析结果可以明显表     

介质对卤虫生物学特性的影响

比较了不同介质对不同生存环境的４个地理品系卤虫的孵化、生长、繁殖的作用．实验得出：介质对卤虫的孵化不起决定作用;介质对卤虫生长的作用极其显著,和卤虫原生境相同的介质更利于卤虫生长和存活;介质对卤虫繁殖的影响随卤虫品系的不同而异．４个品系卤虫在６,１２Ｂｅ’氯化钠型介质中均能较好生长、繁殖,这为海水孵化与养殖不同地理品系卤虫提供了依据．     

用RAPD和AFLP的方法对中国卤虫(Artemia)种及亲缘关系的研究

利用ＲＡＰＤ（随机扩增多态ＤＮＡ）和ＡＦＬＰ（扩增片段长度多态性）技术对不同种及种群卤虫的关系进行分析。 １０１个随机引物对４种卤虫Ａｆｒａｎｃｉｓｃａｎａ、Ａ ｕｒｍｉａｎａ、Ａ ｓｉｎｉｃａ和Ａ．ｐａｒｔｈｅｎｏｇｅｎｅｌｉｃａ基因组ＤＮＡ进行扩增,平均每个种获得７５１条带,其中４５８条带为多态性标记,每个引物提供平均７４个标记信息,聚类结果表明Ａ．ｓｉｎｉｃａ是不同于其他旧大陆两性生殖卤虫的一个独立的种。对来自 １５个种及品系的卤虫的 ＡＦＬＰ分析显示了非常好的遗传多态性,采用 １２对引物检测到 ５９４条带,其中 ４８０个为多态性标记。聚类结果表明来自西藏的两性生殖卤虫为不同于中国内陆两性生殖卤虫的新种。而孤雌生殖卤虫在进化过程中可能是多源的,中国内陆和沿海的孤雌生殖卤虫是沿着不同的途径进化的,内陆和沿海的孤雌生殖卤虫可能为不同的种。     

温度和盐度对卤虫生物学特性的影响

本实验以产自美国旧金山湾,我国山西运城盐湖,河北张北,新疆阿勒泰的两性生死卤虫,及产于天津塘沽、新疆艾比湖的孤雌生殖卤虫,计３种６个品系卤虫为实验材料,分别测量它们在不同温度下的孵化率、生长、发育及生殖的情况,并比较了各品系卤虫以坑盐的耐受性。通过全长的测量,得出了各品系卤虫在不同温度及协度下的生长方程。除了旧金山卤虫为耐低温高盐的种外,张北卤虫也具此特性。在生殖特征方面,我斩５个地理品系卤虫之间     

河北地区沿海盐场卤虫品系的组成

对河北地区海丰盐场和王凤玉盐场的卤虫品系组成情况进行了分析,结果显示,由于人为引种及在虾蟹育苗中不同品系卤虫卵的不当使用,使得该地区卤虫由原来单一的孤雌生殖品系组成变为目前的本地孤雌生殖卤虫、两性生殖的旧金山卤虫(Artemia franciscana)以及中华卤虫(A.sinica)混杂组成,其中外来种旧金山卤虫为优势种群,中华卤虫只是偶尔见到。由于竞争排斥效应,孤雌生殖和两性生殖卤虫产生了生态位的分化,孤雌生殖卤虫主要分布在低盐度的盐池,两性生殖卤虫主要分布在高盐度的盐池。     

人类疾病模型小鼠的标准化维持方法研究

目的研究人类疾病模型小鼠的可遗传生物学特性,建立品系的标准化维持方法。方法选用FVB TgN、MRL Mpj和SAMP1Ka三个疾病模型小鼠品系作为代表性实验对象,通过测定生长曲线、RAPD同工、酶电泳、行为学试验等方法,找出三个品系相对于各自对照品系的不同特征,并建立了标准化检测指标作为维持方法的依据。结果MRL Mpj的生长曲线相对于对照品系有明显的统计学差异;FVB TgN、MRL Mpj、SAMP1Ka等三个品系的RAPD图谱在阳性引物及扩增出的条带方面均不一致;同工酶电泳的结果表明不同品系的个体之间表型不完全相同;行为学试验更从多方面直观地显示了各品系的不同特征。结论人类疾病模型小鼠除了用常规检测方法外,还应建立各品系在生长曲线、RAPD、同工酶电泳、行为学试验等方面的特殊检测方法,及时检测模型小鼠品系的独特性状并作为保种依据,以避免遗传漂变的发生。     

紫色甘薯品系6种酶的同工酶分析

采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳技术,选用过氧化物酶(POD)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、细胞色素氧化酶(CYT)、淀粉酶(AMY)、酯酶(EST)、苹果酸脱氢酶(MDH)等六种酶的同工酶系统对14个紫色甘薯品种(系)进行了同工酶分析.结果表明:过氧化物酶(POD)、细胞色素氧化酶(CYT) 、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)等三种酶的同工酶酶谱很丰富,分别有13、11、10条酶带;淀粉酶(AMY)、酯酶(EST)、苹果酸脱氢酶(MDH)等三种酶的同工酶酶带相对较少,分别为4、7、7条.聚类分析结果表明,所有供试紫色甘薯品系或品种分成7类:I类包括品系A1、A2、A7;II类包括品系B1～B3;III类包括品系B7和B8;IV类只有品系B9;V类包括品系A3、A4、A6;VI类只有品系A5;VII类只有品种"山川紫".     

中国两性生殖卤虫种群MDH同工酶基因的表达

采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶垂直板电泳法对中国两性生殖卤虫12个品系的苹果酸脱氢酶(MDH)同工酶基因的表达进行了研究。实验结果表明:(1)由于一些MDH同工酶基因所编码产生的亚基相互结合的频率较低,故没有得到理论上应得到的基因型数;(2)存在品系内和品系间的多态现象;(3)A. sini ca与A.parthenogenet ica之间存在高度的遗传变异和分化,另外,二者间具有相同的基因型和较高的遗传相似系数值也说明二者间存在一定的亲缘关系。 Abstract:Expression of malate dehydrogenase isozymic genes of 12 bisexual Artemia strains from China was strudied by means of polyacrylamide gel electrophorsis method.The experimental results showed are as follows,(1)Because of low frequency of some isozymic subunits combining each other and small number of experimental samples,we did not get the theoretical number of genotype that should appeare;(2)A.sinaca and A.parthenogenetica have characteristic MDH isozymic patterns,this provides precise biochemical index for distinguishing different Artemia strains;(3)MDH isozyme in 12 bisexual Artemia strainis is polymorphic.     

小家鼠和实验小鼠遗传特性的比较研究

本文用同工酶电泳法、微量细胞毒法和免疫双向扩散法对我国4个动物地理区的6个采集点的156个小家鼠(Mus musculus)进行了遗传特性的调查。结果发现:在全部被测的13个位点中,小家鼠在7个位点上存在着多种实验小鼠中罕见的基因组成;而不同动物地理区和亚区的小家鼠的遗传特性又各不相同。从而指出将小家鼠的特有基因导入实验小鼠,培育新品系的重大意义。     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

鸡传染性法氏囊病病毒研究进展

传染性法氏囊病(Infection bursal disease, IBD)是由鸡传染性法氏囊病毒(Infectious bursal disease virus, IBDV)引起的鸡和火鸡的一种高度接触性传染病,给世界各国的禽养殖业带来了巨大损失.自IBDV发现至今新的变异株不断出现,分子结构的改变导致病毒致病力的改变及宿主对疫苗应答的改变,使得传统的疫苗已不能控制其流行,因此各国学者对其基因组结构和功能进行了广泛深入的研究,并积极研制新型有效的疫苗以达到防治的目的.     

Development of a Novel Reverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Method for Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2

In conclusion, the novel visual RT-LAMP assay is a simple, rapid, and sensitive approach for detection of SARS-CoV-2, and it is ready for application in primary care and community hospitals or health care centers, and even patients' own houses in response to the current SARS-CoV-2 epidemic because the assay does not require sophisticated equipment and skilled personnel. Furthermore, it is also ready to be used in fields for screening samples from wild animals and environments to facilitate the identification of potential intermediate hosts that mediate the cross-species transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from bats to humans.     

Perinatal Vertical Transmission of Chikungunya Virus in Ruili,a Town on the Border between China and Myanmar

正Dear Editor,Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an arbovirus in the family of Togaviridae, genus Alphavirus, is transmitted by the A.aegyptii or A. albopictus mosquito, and causes disease in humans characterized by fever, rash, and arthralgia (Silva and Dermody 2017; Suhrbier 2019). It was first reported in 1953 in Tanzania, and caused only a few outbreaks and sporadic cases in Africa and Asia in last century. However, in the epidemic in 2004, CHIKV acquired mutations that conferred enhanced transmission by the A. albopictus mosquito(Schuffenecker et al. 2006). Since then, it has successively caused outbreaks in Africa, the Indian Ocean, South East Asia, the South America, and Europe (Zeller et al. 2016).