作物种质资源的价值及其评估

回顾了对作物种质资源价值的认识过程,对作物种质资源价值评估的理论和方法进行了论述,指出了作物种质资源价值评估及其产权保护的必要性,对作物种质资源价值评估一些问题和难点进行了探讨,并对今后研究提出了建议.     

食用菌产业发展历史、现状与趋势

本文回顾了人类对食用菌认识和利用的历史,介绍了我国对食用菌栽培利用的早期贡献和近代对食用菌产业发展的贡献,以及全球食用菌产业的基本情况、欧美双孢蘑菇和亚洲食用菌产业的发展历史与现状,分析了世界食用菌产业格局的变化、生产方式和技术的转型,简述了食用菌科学研究的进展,同时对中国食用菌产业发展历程和现状进行了梳理,提出了全球食用菌产业将继续从发达地区向欠发达地区转移以及我国的生产方式将加快向组织化、规模化、标准化和专业化方向转变的进展。     

融合酶的设计和应用研究进展

酶的分子改造和重新设计是解决酶催化工业应用瓶颈的重要途径。基于融合蛋白设计的融合酶技术是分子酶工程的一个研究热点,已逐渐应用于多功能酶和酶靠近效应的构建与控制研究中,显示出重要的理论和应用研究价值。文中对近年来融合酶的分子设计策略和应用研究的进展进行了综述。首先介绍了融合酶的概念和特点,并对最近研究中出现的融合酶构建策略进行了归纳总结,重点阐述了不同种类连接肽对融合酶的影响及其可能机理。同时,对目前融合酶的应用研究进行了归纳和讨论。最后,结合本实验室的研究,指出了融合酶领域的关键问题并对其发展方向进行了探讨和展望。     

一种提高微生物发酵单位的新优化控制策略

微生物发酵过程对技术进行控制和优化,对微生物发酵单位的经济利益和质量都具有重要的作用。在传统的微生物发酵过程中,为了提高工作的效率和质量,注重对菌种方面的选择。但是,随着我国生物信息技术的不断发展,对其领域进行了一系列的研究,并对微生物发酵过程进行了优化。本文对一种提高微生物发酵单位新优化控制进行了分析和阐述,并提出了一些建议,以此促进我国微生物研究领域的长远发展。     

植酸对月季切花瓶插寿命的影响

用0.13％和0.013％植酸对月季切花进行处理,探讨了植酸对月季切花瓶插寿命及衰老过程中一些生理生化指标的影响.结果表明,013％和0.013％植酸处理的切花,瓶插寿命分别延长了2.3 d和1.4d.植酸处理抑制了O-2含量的增加和POD活性的提高,从而减轻了O-2对植物细胞的伤害即抑制丙二醛含量增加,同时抑制了可溶...     

酸雨对植物—害虫—天敌系统的作用

综述了酸雨对植物—害虫—天敌系统的影响和酸雨对害虫的作用机制 ,探讨了模拟酸雨与自然酸雨对生态系统的不同作用 ,并展望了进一步研究和发展的方向。     

基于图像处理的血液细胞特征提取

利用数学形态学知识和图像处理方法,对缺铁性贫血的血液显微图像进行了分析,编制了相应的计算程序,对选取的区域内细胞的个数、半径和面积等重要参数进行了统计和处理,这对进一步研究细胞及其组织变化、医学临床诊断等问题,具有一定的指导意义。     

雷击火发生的影响因子与预测研究进展

雷击火是最重要的自然火源,由此引发的森林火灾给人类和生态环境都带来了巨大损失,各国都非常重视对其预测研究.本文以影响雷击火形成的主要因素为切入点,着重分析了云地闪特征、可燃物、气象和地形4个因素对雷击火形成、发展的影响及作用机理;在此基础上,对雷击火预测研究中广泛使用的Logistic模型、K-函数等数学方法进行总结和评述,并对美国、加拿大的雷击火预测方法和流程进行介绍,最后对以往研究中的不足之处提出了探讨性的解决方案,并对未来的研究内容和趋势进行了分析,以期对我国的雷击火预测工作提供必要的理论依据和文献参考.     

影响棉纤维分化和发育的因素

概述了棉纤维细胞分化和发育的过程,对影响棉纤雏分化和发育的因素进行了探讨,并对今后棉纤维的研究发展趋势进行了展望．     

海洋酸化对蟹类影响的研究进展

人类活动排放二氧化碳引起了海水碳酸盐平衡体系变化和pH下降, 最终导致了“海洋酸化”。海洋酸化对蟹类产生了从表观到分子的多重影响。文章在总结海洋酸化对各种蟹类生长发育、生理与代谢、表型和行为等方面影响的基础上, 对其影响的机理展开了讨论, 并对控制海洋酸化及其对蟹类的影响研究提出了意见和建议。     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

Entwicklungsgeschichte und Ultrastruktur von Pollenkitt und Exine bei nahe verwandten entomophilen und anemophilen Angiospermensippen derAlismataceae,Liliaceae, Juncaceae,Cyperaceae, Poaceae undAraceae

Some closely related members of the monocotyledonous familiesAlismataceae, Liliaceae, Juncaceae, Cyperaceae, Poaceae andAraceae with variable modes of pollination (insect- and wind-pollination) were studied in relation to the ultrastructure of pollenkitt and exine (amount, consistency and distribution of pollenkitt on the surface of pollen grains). The character syndromes of pollen cementing in entomophilous, anemophilous and intermediate (ambophilous or amphiphilous) monocotyledons are the same in principal as in dicotyledons. Comparing present with former results one can summarize: 1) The pollenkitt is always produced in the same manner by the anther tapetum in all angiosperm sub-classes. 2) The variable stickiness of entomophilous and anemophilous pollen always depends on the particular distribution and consistency of the pollenkitt, but not its amount on the pollen surface. 3) The mostly dry and powdery pollen of anemophilous plants always contains a variable amount of inactive pollenkitt in its exine cavities. 4) A step-by step change of the pollen cementing syndrome can be observed from entomophily towards anemophily. 5) From the omnipresence of pollenkitt in all wind-pollinated angiosperms studied one can conclude that the ancestors of anemophilous angiosperms probably have been zoophilous (i.e. entomophilous) throughout.

     

Identification and Characterization of the First Equine Parainfluenza Virus 5

正Dear Editor,Parainfluenza virus 5 (PIV5), known as canine parainfluenza virus in the veterinary field, is a negative-sense,nonsegmented, single-stranded RNA virus belonging to the Paramyxoviridae family (Chen 2018). The virus was first reported in primary monkey kidney cells in 1954 (Hsiung1972), then it has been frequently discovered in various     

Pathogenic Characterization and Full Length Genome Sequence of a Reassortant Infectious Bursal Disease Virus Newly Isolated in Pakistan

<正>Dear Editor,Infectious bursal disease (IBD) is one of the most important diseases of the poultry. The IBD virus (IBDV), a nonenveloped virus belonging to the Birnaviridae family with a genome consisting of two segments of double-stranded RNA (segments A and B), targets B lymphocytes of bursa of Fabricious leading to immunosuppression. In Pakistan,poultry farming is the second biggest industry and IBD is the second biggest disease threating the poultry sector.However, there is limited genome information of IBDV