蜻科中国一新纪录属种记述（蜻蜓目,蜻科）

记述蜻科Libellulidae木蜻属Hylaeothemis Ris,1909和克莱木蜻Hylaeothemis clementia Ris,1909在中国的首次发现。研究标本保存在中国农业大学昆虫标本馆。     

中国赤蜻属一新种记述(蜻蜓目,蜻科)

记述中国赤蜻属1新种,陕西赤蜻Sympetrum shaanxiensis sp.nov..新种近似流浪赤蜻S.vulgatum,但其交合器的后钩片的构造、头部、胸部和腹部的色斑与后者明显不同.模式标本保存于陕西省资源生物重点实验室动植物标本馆.     

蜻科中国一新纪录属种记述(蜻蜒目,蜻科)

记述蜻科Libellulidae木蜻属Hylaeothemis Ris,1909和克莱木蜻农业大学昆虫标本馆.Hylaeothemis dementia Ris,1909在中国的首次发现.研究标本保存在中国     

中国伪蜻科新记录

伯弓蜻Macromia berlandi Licftinck Macromia berlandi Lieftinck 1941,Revue.fr.Ent.8:94越南、东京、 雄性 体长72毫米,腹部长(连肛附器)52毫米,后翅长45毫米。 头部深红褐色;下唇黄褐色,上额黑褐色,头顶和后头黑色。合胸铜绿色,具金属光泽;前翅窦黄色;后胸前侧片有一黄色条纹、覆盖气门,超透明,微带烟色,腹部黑色;第2节背而有一黄色斑,第3—7节有黄色环;第10节     

基于细胞色素b基因序列对蜻科部分种类系统进化研究（蜻蜓目：差翅亚目）

采用PCR产物直接测序法,获得了蜻科6属9种蜻蜓的线粒体细胞色素b（Cyt b）核苷酸序列（长度576 bp）。A＋T平均含量较高,为69．2％。氨基酸密码子第三位点的A＋T平均含量最高（86．5％）。变异位点数为216个（约占37．5％）,简约信息位点148个,数据显示这几种蜻蜓之间DNA序列变异丰富。用一种豆娘Megalestes maai作外群构建系统发育树表明：蜻科为单系群,灰蜻属较进化,黄蜻属相对较古老一些。这6属的起源关系为：黄蜻属和赤蜻属→宽腹蜻属→椎腹蜻属和红蜻属→灰蜻属。     

基于几何形态测量学的黄蜻翅的雌雄二态性研究

【目的】本研究运用几何形态测量学方法对黄蜻Pantala flavescens Fabricius前翅和后翅的雌雄二态性进行分析,探讨黄蜻雌雄性在翅上的形态差异。【方法】通过对黄蜻的前翅和后翅做数字化标点,获得翅的形态信息。经主成分分析(PCA)和薄片样条法(TPS)获得雌雄性在翅型和翅脉上的差异性。【结果】PCA结果表明,黄蜻雌雄性的前翅和后翅在翅型、翅脉结构上存在着明显差异,而且后翅间的差异更大。经TPS分析可知,雌雄性黄蜻前翅上的差异部位主要发生在亚翅结和三角室,后翅的差异部位主要发生在亚翅结、肘脉域和臀角区域。对黄蜻前后翅的大小分析(CS)可知,雌性黄蜻前后翅较大,雄性黄蜻前后翅较小。【结论】黄蜻雌雄性间的翅型结构差异性表明雌雄性在其各自生活史中履行不同的职责,特定的飞行模式逐渐形成特定的翅型、翅脉结构。     

基于细胞色素 b 基因序列对蜻科部分种类系统进化研究(蜻蜓目∶差翅亚目)

采用PCR产物直接测序法,获得了蜻科6属9种蜻蜓的线粒体细胞色素 b (Cyt b)核苷酸序列(长度576 bp).A+T平均含量较高,为69.2%.氨基酸密码子第三位点的A+T平均含量最高(86.5%).变异位点数为216个(约占37.5%),简约信息位点148个,数据显示这几种蜻蜓之间DNA序列变异丰富.用一种豆娘 Megalestes maai 作外群构建系统发育树表明蜻科为单系群,灰蜻属较进化,黄蜻属相对较古老一些.这6属的起源关系为黄蜻属和赤蜻属→宽腹蜻属→椎腹蜻属和红蜻属→灰蜻属.     

基于RNA-seq的黄蜻头部转录组测序与分析

利用RNA-seq技术对黄蜻Pantala flavescens(Fabricius)头部细胞的全部转录本进行测序、功能分析。提取黄蜻头部总RNA,反转录得到c DNA,在Illumina平台上进行测序,经拼接、组装、聚类后获得全部unigenes,并将所得的unigenes与数据库比对,对其进行功能注释和分类。总共得到47 039 040条碱基序列,包含了7 102 895 040个碱基序列信息,碱基G和C的数量总和占总碱基数量的44.05%。将测序结果进行组装,组装所得到的unigenes为34 406 502条,对所得到的unigenes进行不同的数据库注释,共有44 499条unigenes被注释到数据库,其中有大量unigenes与代谢过程、结合活性、催化活性和细胞进程有关。与COG数据库比对,根据功能可以分为26类,其中信号转导机制最为丰富。与KEGG数据库比对,线粒体基因在所测样本中最为丰富,与KEGG ORTHOLOGY注释后,代谢活动基因最为丰富。这些与线粒体和代谢有关的基因与我们研究中与黄蜻迁飞基因相关,为后续研究奠定了基础。     

红蜻稚虫对浙江省不同类型水体污染的抗逆性适应表现

在杭州、温州、宁波、台州和绍兴等地水域5个采样点采集到169头蜻蜓稚虫,分属于7科.对采集地的水质进行理化指标(水温、压强、电导率、氧化还原电位、pH、溶解氧、总氮、总磷、高锰酸盐指数、叶绿素a、透明度)和重金属含量(Cu2+、Zn2+、Cd2+、Pb2+、Cr6+和总铁等)检测,并对采集到的红蜻稚虫Crocothemis servilia检测其体内的SOD和CAT酶活力,以及HSP70、HSSP90和CYP303a1等抗逆性相关基因的表达量.结果表明:生活在不同水体中的红蜻稚虫,其体内的SOD和CAT酶活力主要与Cr6+浓度正相关,可在一定程度上反映出某一水体的Cr6+污染状况;HSP70的表达量与水体TN、TP和Pb2+浓度间呈正相关,同时HtSP90的表达与水体TP和CODMn浓度正相关,可反映水体富营养化的主要污染物类型.红蜻稚虫CYP303a1的表达水平与水体中Cr6+含量呈负相关,而与TP和Cd2+浓度呈正相关.推测在工业废水污染下,红蜻稚虫体内的SOD、CAT和CYP303a1能帮助红蜻稚虫适应在Cr6+浓度较高的水体中生活,而不同片段长度的热激蛋白HSP可能与抵抗不同类型的富营养化污染有关系.实验结果为进一步探究蜻蜓稚虫的抗逆性适应机制提供了基础数据.     

中国蜻科三新记录种

在整理本馆收藏的云南蜻蜒目蜻科标本中,发现三新记录种,报导如下: 1、宽翅小蜻Tetrathemis platyptera Selys♂:腹部长(连肛附器)17—18毫米,后翅长19—22毫米。下唇黄色,中叶和侧叶的边缘黑色;上唇黑色,基方有一对黄色小斑;前、后唇基黄色;额和头顶     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

Enterovirus 71 3C proteolytically processes the histone H3 N-terminal tail during infection

Highlights
1. The N-terminal tail of histone H3 is specifically cleaved during EV71 infection.
2. Viral protease 3C is identified as a protease responsible for proteolytically processing the N-terminal H3 tail.
3. Our finding reveals a new epigenetic regulatory mechanism for Enterovirus 71 in virus-host interactions.     

Detection of EBV and HHV6 in the Brain Tissue of Patients with Rasmussen’s Encephalitis

Rasmussen’s encephalitis (RE) is a rare pediatric neurological disorder, and the exact etiology is not clear. Viral infection may be involved in the pathogenesis of RE, but conflicting results have reported. In this study, we evaluated the expression of both Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and human herpes virus (HHV) 6 antigens in brain sections from 30 patients with RE and 16 control individuals by immunohistochemistry. In the RE group, EBV and HHV6 antigens were detected in 56.7% (17/30) and 50% (15/30) of individuals, respectively. In contrast, no detectable EBV and HHV6 antigen expression was found in brain tissues of the control group. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in 20.0% (6/30) of individuals. In particular, a 4-year-old boy had a typical clinical course, including a medical history of viral encephalitis, intractable epilepsy, and hemispheric atrophy. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in neurons and astrocytes in the brain tissue, accompanied by a high frequency of CD8⁺ T cells. Our results suggest that EBV and HHV6 infection and the activation of CD8⁺ T cells are involved in the pathogenesis of RE.     

Perinatal Vertical Transmission of Chikungunya Virus in Ruili,a Town on the Border between China and Myanmar

正Dear Editor,Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an arbovirus in the family of Togaviridae, genus Alphavirus, is transmitted by the A.aegyptii or A. albopictus mosquito, and causes disease in humans characterized by fever, rash, and arthralgia (Silva and Dermody 2017; Suhrbier 2019). It was first reported in 1953 in Tanzania, and caused only a few outbreaks and sporadic cases in Africa and Asia in last century. However, in the epidemic in 2004, CHIKV acquired mutations that conferred enhanced transmission by the A. albopictus mosquito(Schuffenecker et al. 2006). Since then, it has successively caused outbreaks in Africa, the Indian Ocean, South East Asia, the South America, and Europe (Zeller et al. 2016).     

Development of a Novel Reverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Method for Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2

In conclusion, the novel visual RT-LAMP assay is a simple, rapid, and sensitive approach for detection of SARS-CoV-2, and it is ready for application in primary care and community hospitals or health care centers, and even patients' own houses in response to the current SARS-CoV-2 epidemic because the assay does not require sophisticated equipment and skilled personnel. Furthermore, it is also ready to be used in fields for screening samples from wild animals and environments to facilitate the identification of potential intermediate hosts that mediate the cross-species transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from bats to humans.