马来酸噻吗洛尔眼液联合拉坦前列素眼液对原发性开角型青光眼患者眼压的影响

目的:探讨马来酸噻吗洛尔眼液联合拉坦前列素眼液对原发性开角型青光眼患者眼压的影响。方法:选取2015年1月-2016年5月在我院接受治疗的原发性开角型青光眼患者84例,其中给予马来酸噻吗洛尔眼液治疗的42例记为对照组,给予拉坦前列素眼液联合马来酸噻吗洛尔眼液治疗的42例记为观察组,两组均治疗6个月。对比两组患者治疗过程中的眼压变化情况,并对比两组患者的临床总有效率、药物依从性和并发症情况。结果:观察组治疗2、4、6个月后的眼压均显著低于对照组(P0.05),观察组患者治疗6个月后与治疗前的眼压差值大于对照组(P0.05)。两组患者治疗2、4、6个月后的眼压呈下降趋势,两两比较差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。观察组的临床总有效率95.24%显著高于对照组的80.95%(P0.05)。两组患者在治疗过程中结膜充血、眼内异物感、眼睛疼痛、视力模糊、味觉异常以及总并发症发生率对比差异不显著(P0.05)。观察组患者的药物依从性比例显著低于对照组(P0.05)。结论:马来酸噻吗洛尔眼液联合拉坦前列素眼液治疗原发性开角型青光眼患者具有较好的临床疗效,可显著降低患者眼压,同时具有较好的安全性,但药物依从性较差。     

他氟前列素与拉坦前列素治疗慢性开角型青光眼疗效相当

为了对他氟前列素用于开角型青光眼治疗提供实验依据,本研究对比观察抗青光眼新药他氟前列素和常用药物拉坦前列素治疗慢性开角型青光眼的疗效。我们选取2014年08月至2015年12月我院收治的120例原发性慢性开角型青光眼患者,按随机数字表法分为他氟前列素组(0.001 5%,1次/d,1滴/次)和拉坦前列素组(0.005%,1次/d,1滴/次),对比观察两组患者的眼压、视野缺损、角膜中央厚度、前房深度和视网膜中央动脉血流动力学指标。研究结果如下:(1)治疗后两组的眼压和视野缺损度显著降低(p0.05),且拉坦前列素组的视野缺损改善更为显著(p0.05);(2)治疗后两组的角膜中央厚度显著降低(p0.05),但两组的前房深度与治疗前比较无差异(p0.05);(3)治疗后两组的PSV、EDV升高而RI降低(p0.05)。以上结果提示,新药他氟前列素对青光眼患者的治疗效果与临床常用药物拉坦前列素相当,同时在改善患者的视野缺损度方面优于拉坦前列素,且安全性好,值得临床推广使用。     

曲伏前列素滴眼液治疗开角型青光眼的疗效及对血流动力学的影响

目的:探讨曲伏前列素滴眼液治疗开角型青光眼的疗效及对血流动力学的影响。方法:选择2013年3月~2015年12月在我院接受治疗的164例开角型青光眼患者为研究对象,按照随机数字表法分为对照组和试验组,每组82例,对照组给予马来酸噻吗洛尔滴眼,试验组给予曲伏前列素滴眼,12周后观察两组患者的降眼压效果和视力改变情况,彩色多普勒超声检测眼动脉(OA)、睫状后短动脉(SPCA)及视网膜中央动脉(CRA)的收缩期血流峰值速度(PSV)、舒张末期血流速度(EDV)和阻力指数(RI),并观察其不良反应。结果:两组患者治疗前和治疗后2周的眼压和视力比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后,两组患者的眼压与治疗前比较均降低,视力与治疗前比较均提升,且试验组眼压降低及视力提升更显著,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);治疗6周和12周后,试验组患者的眼压低于对照组,视力高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗12周后试验组患者OA、SPCA及CRA的EDV、PSV均高于对照组,而RI均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。两组患者的不良反应主要为轻度异物感、轻度结膜充血、虹膜色素加深等,两组患者的不良反应发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:曲伏前列素滴眼液治疗开角型青光眼可降低眼压,提高视力,改善眼部血流动力学指标,且安全性较好,值得临床推广应用。     

曲伏前列素治疗原发性开角型青光眼的疗效及对血清ET-1、MMP、TIMP-2水平的影响

目的:探讨曲伏前列素治疗原发性开角型青光眼的疗效及对血清内皮素-1(ET-1)、基质金属蛋白酶(MMP)、基质金属蛋白酶抑制剂-2(TIMP-2)水平的影响。方法:选择我院2014年5月~2016年5月收治的96例原发性开角型青光眼患者,按治疗方式分作对照组与研究组,每组48例。对照组予以马来酸噻吗洛尔治疗,研究组予以曲伏前列素治疗,两组均持续治疗1个月。比较两组治疗前后血清ET-1、MMP、TIMP-2水平、阻力指数、舒张末期流速、收缩期峰速、房水细胞数、房水闪辉值、眼压、视野光敏感度、视野平均缺损、视力的变化及不良反应的发生情况。结果:治疗后,两组血清ET-1、MMP、TIMP-2水平、阻力指数、房水细胞数、房水闪辉值、眼压、视野平均缺损均较治疗前显著下降(P0.05),且研究组以上指标明显低于对照组(P0.05);两组舒张末期流速、收缩期峰速、视野光敏感度、视力均较治疗前显著上升,且研究组以上指标明显高于对照组(P0.05)。两组不良反应的发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:曲伏前列素治疗原发性开角型青光眼患者可有效改善患者的血流动力学及眼部情况,可能与其显著降低血清ET-1、MMP、TIMP-2水平有关。     

青白联合术治疗合并白内障闭角型青光眼临床效果观察

目的探讨青白联合术治疗合并白内障闭角型青光眼的临床疗效。方法选取我院收治的80例闭角型青光眼合并白内障患者为研究对象,随机分为两组各40例,观察组实施青光眼白内障联合手术(青白联合手术)治疗,对照组实施分步手术治疗,比较两组患者治疗前后眼压、视力及房角开放度。结果治疗前,两组患者的各项指标比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05);治疗后,观察组患者的眼压(12.30±4.15)mmHg、视力0.84±0.27、房角开放度(62.35±15.64)°均优于对照组的(27.80±7.65)mmHg、0.57±0.16、(75.00±13.77)°,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论青白联合手术治疗闭角型青光眼合并白内障的效果显著,与分步手术相比临床应用价值更高。     

单切口和双切口联合手术对闭角型青光眼合并白内障患者视力、IOP及CCT的影响

目的:探讨单切口和双切口联合手术对闭角型青光眼合并白内障患者视力、眼压(IOP)及中央前房深度(CCT)的影响。方法:选择2013年6月至2016年6月我院收治的90例闭角型青光眼合并白内障患者,随机分为观察组和对照组,每组各45例。对照组采用单切口手术治疗,观察组采用双切口手术治疗。观察并比较两组患者治疗前后角膜内皮细胞密度、面积、最佳矫正视力、裸眼视力、IOP以及术后并发症的发生率。结果:与术前比较,两组患者术后角膜内皮细胞密度均升高,且观察组高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);与术前比较,两组患者术后角膜内皮细胞面积均减小,且观察组小于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);与术前比较,两组患者术后最佳矫正视力、裸眼视力均升高,且观察组高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);与术前比较,两组患者术后IOP均降低,且观察组低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);与术前比较,两组患者术后CCT均升高,且观察组高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);观察组术后并发症总发生率低于对照组(P0.05)。结论:双切口手术治疗闭角型青光眼合并白内障的效果显著,能够有效改善患者视力、IOP及CCT水平,且安全性高,值得临床推广。     

超声乳化手术治疗慢性闭角型青光眼合并白内障的临床疗效分析

目的:探讨超声乳化手术治疗慢性闭角型青光眼合并白内障的临床效果。方法:慢性闭角型青光眼合并白内障64例(64眼)根据治疗方法的不同分为治疗组与对照组各32例,对照组采用传统小梁切除手术,治疗组采用超声乳化手术。结果:(1)两组术前视力对比无明显差异,治疗后视力情况都明显改善,同时组间对比有明显差异(P0.05)。(2)两组术前眼压比较无显著性差异,术后两组组间与组内对比都有明显差异(P0.05)。(3)两组术前前房深度比较无显著性差异,治疗后都有明显上升(P0.05),同时组间对比差异明显(P0.05)。(4)两组患者术中与术后都无严重并发症发生。结论:对于慢性闭角型青光眼合并白内障患者行超声乳化手术具备加深前房、控制眼压、提高视力的作用,同时安全性好,可作为标准治疗选择。     

布林佐胺联合噻吗洛尔治疗开角型青光眼的临床效果观察及安全性评价

目的:探讨布林佐胺联合噻吗洛尔治疗开角型青光眼的临床效果及安全性。方法:选择2016年9月至2018年9月在我院接受治疗的150例开角型青光眼患者,采用抽签法分为观察组(n=76)和对照组(n=74)。对照组给予噻吗洛尔治疗,观察组在对照组的基础上给予布林佐胺治疗。比较两组患者的临床疗效、治疗前后眼压、视野平均光敏度、视野平均缺损、视网膜神经纤维层厚度(RNFLT)、视盘盘沿面积(NRA)、泪膜破裂时间(BUT)、收缩期峰值血流速度(PSV)、舒张末期血流速度(EDV)及阻力系数(RI)水平的变化及并发症的发生情况。结果:治疗后,观察组和对照组总有效率分别为96.72%,79.66%,观察组显著高于对照组(P0.05);观察组眼压、视野平均光敏度、视野平均缺损水平及RI均显著低于对照组(P0.05),PSV、EDV、BUT显著高于对照组(P0.05)。两组并发症总发生率分别为3.95%、9.46%,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:布林佐胺联合噻吗洛尔用于开角型青光眼患者的效果显著,可有效改善患者眼压、视敏度,且安全性较高。     

超声乳化联合人工晶状体植入联合房角分离术治疗慢性闭角型青光眼

分析超声乳化联合人工晶状体植入联合房角分离术在慢性闭角型青光眼患者中的临床治疗效果。将我院在2012年1月至2016年1月期间收治的86例慢性闭角型青光眼患者分为观察组(采用超声乳化吸出加人工晶状体植入联合房角分离术)43例(共47眼)和对照组(行超声乳化吸出加人工晶状体植入联合小梁切除术)43例(共49眼)。比较手术前后两组患者的视力恢复情况、眼压变化情况,同时记录两组患者术中术后发生并发症的情况。研究显示,两组患者手术前视力无显著差异(p0.05),术后均显著改善,且观察组患者术后7 d和90 d时视力恢复情况优于对照组(p0.05);两组患者治疗前眼压无显著差异(p0.05),术后均显著改善,且观察组患者术后7 d和90 d时眼压显著优于对照组(p0.05);两组均有轻微并发症,如浅前房、眼前房出血等,均给予对症治疗,不影响手术效果。超声乳化吸出加人工晶状体植入联合房角分离术相比于超声乳化吸出加人工晶状体植入联合小梁切除术能更加明显地改善患者的视力,无严重并发症,患者不仅视力得到提高,患者恢复快,且远期眼压也可以得到有效控制,值得在临床应用。     

曲伏前列腺素滴眼液对原发性开角型青光眼患者眼压、血流动力学及ET-1、TIMP-2的影响

目的:探讨曲伏前列腺素滴眼液对原发性开角型青光眼(POAG)患者眼压、血流动力学及内皮素-1(ET-1)、基质金属蛋白酶-2抑制因子(TIMP-2)的影响。方法:选取2015年2月至2017年2月我院眼科收治的70例患者,按照随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,每组各35例,对照组和观察组患者分别给予马来酸噻吗洛尔滴眼液和曲伏前列腺素滴眼液治疗,治疗周期为3个月。对比分析治疗前、治疗4周、8周及12周后两组患者的平均眼压(IOP)、昼夜IOP差,并对比治疗前、治疗12周后的睫状后动脉(PCA)、视网膜中央动脉(CRA)、收缩期峰值血流速度(PSV)、舒张末期血流速度(EDV)、血管阻力指数(RI)、血浆ET-1及房水TIMP-2的改善情况。结果:治疗前两组患者平均IOP、昼夜IOP差、PCA和CRA血流动力学、血浆ET-1及房水TIMP-2差异无统计学意义(P0.05);治疗4周、8周、12周后,两组平均IOP、昼夜IOP差明显低于治疗前,且治疗12周后观察组平均IOP、昼夜IOP差低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05);治疗12周后,观察组PCA和CRA的PSV、EDV高于治疗前,RI低于治疗前,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05),且观察组PCA和CRA的PSV、EDV高于对照组,RI低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05);治疗12周后,两组患者血浆ET-1和房水TIMP-2较治疗前显著下降,且观察组血浆ET-1和房水TIMP-2含量低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:曲伏前列腺素滴眼液治疗POAG患者,能够有效降低患者的眼压、血浆ET-1、房水TIMP-2水平,并改善患者PCA、CRA的血流动力学。     

Effect of latanoprost on intraocular pressure,visual acuity and C-reactive protein

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of latanoprost on intraocular pressure (IOP), visual acuity and C-reactive protein (CRP) in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG).MethodsA total of 163 POAG patients (266 eyes) admitted to our hospital from February 2015 to July 2017 were selected and divided into observation group (81 cases, 132 eyes, latanoprost eye drops) and control group (82 cases, 134 eyes, timolol maleate eye drops) according to different treatment plans. The clinical efficacy of the two groups after treatment was evaluated. The IOP, visual acuity and CRP level were compared between the two groups before and after treatment. Then the adverse reactions of the two groups were observed and recorded.ResultsAfter treatment, the total effective rate was 92.59% (75 cases) in the observation group and was 80.49% (66 cases) in the control group, with statistic difference between groups (P < 0.05); The IOP, visual acuity and CRP level between the two groups before treatment showed no statistic difference, the mentioned three indexes of the two groups were significantly improved after treatment, and statistic difference was found before and after treatment (P < 0.05); Moreover, the above three indicators had statistically significant differences between groups after treatment (P < 0.05); The difference of intraocular pressure and visual acuity between the two groups before and after treatment were statistically different (P < 0.05); After treatment, the incidence of adverse reactions in the observation group such as allergy, vomiting, breathlessness and tachycardia were not significantly different from those in the control group (P > 0.05).ConclusionLatanoprost can improve IOP, visual acuity, and CRP levels. It improves eye hemodynamics, and has significant efficacy in treating primary open-angle glaucoma. Also, it has good security.     

Intraocular Pressure-Lowering Effects of Commonly Used Fixed-Combination Drugs with Timolol: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Background

The first goal of medical therapy in glaucoma is to reduce intraocular pressure (IOP), and the fixed-combination medications are needed to achieve sufficiently low target IOP. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to evaluate IOP-lowering effect of the commonly used fixed-combination drugs containing 0.5% timolol.

Methods

Pertinent publications were identified through systematic searches. Over 85% of the patients had to be diagnosed with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) or ocular hypertension (OHT). Forty-one randomized clinical trials were included in the meta-analysis. The main efficacy measures were the absolute and relative values of mean diurnal IOP reduction, and the highest and lowest IOP reductions on the diurnal IOP curve. The pooled 1- to 3-month IOP-lowering effects after a medicine-free washout period was calculated by performing meta-analysis using the random effects model, and relative treatment effects among different fixed combinations were assessed using a mixed-effects meta-regression model.

Results

The relative reductions for mean diurnal IOP were 34.9% for travoprost/timolol, 34.3% for bimatoprost/timolol, 33.9% for latanoprost/timolol, 32.7% for brinzolamide/timolol, 29.9% for dorzolamide/timolol, and 28.1% for brimonidine/timolol. For the highest IOP decrease, relative reductions ranged from 31.3% for dorzolamide/timolol to 35.5% for travoprost/timolol; for the lowest IOP decrease, those varied from 25.9% for dorzolamide/timolol to 33.1% for bimatoprost/timolol. Both latanoprost/timolol and travoprost/timolol were more effective in lowering mean diurnal IOP than brimonidine/timolol (WMD: 5.9 and 7.0) and dorzolamide/timolol (WMD: 3.8 and 3.3).

Conclusions

All six commonly used fixed-combination drugs containing timolol can effectively lower IOP in patients with POAG and OHT, and both latanoprost/timolol and travoprost/timolol might achieve better IOP-lowering effects among the six fixed-combination agents.     

A study of replacement of timolol-pilocarpine with latanoprost in pseudoexfoliation glaucoma

The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of replacing current dual local therapy (timolol and pilocarpine) with latanoprost 0.005% in 71 pseudoexfoliation glaucoma patients with controlled intraocular pressure (IOP). 39 patients switched to latanoprost 0.005%) and 32 patients continued timolol-pilocarpine therapy. Mean diurnal (IOP) was measured at baseline, after 0.5, 1, 3 and 6 months of treatment. After 6 months 38 patients with latanoprost and 30 patients with timolol-pilocarpine had completed the study. At baseline the mean diurnal IOP was 20.4 +/- 2.0 mmHg for patients in latanoprost treatment group and 21.4 +/- 2.1 mmHg for patients in timolol-pilocarpine group. At the end of the study, after 6 months of treatment, the mean diurnal IOP values were 16.6 +/- 2.4 and 17.9 +/- 2.0 mmHg respectively. IOP was statistically significantly reduced from baseline (p < 0.001). The mean diurnal IOP change from baseline was -3.3 +/- 0.5 mmHg (mean +/- SEM, ANCOVA) for the patients treated with latanoprost and -3.2 +/- 0.4 mmHg for the patients treated with timolol + pilocarpine. This difference in IOP reduction between groups was not statistically significant (z = 0.69; p = 0.49). This study showed that combination therapy (timolol plus pilocarpine) in pseudoexfoliation glaucoma can effectively be replaced by latanoprost monotherapy.     

Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials Comparing Latanoprost with Timolol in the Treatment of Asian Populations with Chronic Angle-Closure Glaucoma

Background

To evaluate the efficacy and safety of latanoprost compared with timolol in the treatment of Asian patients with chronic angle-closure glaucoma (CACG).

Methods

Relevant trials were identified through systematic searches of Medline, EMBASE, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar and several Chinese databases. The main outcome measures included absolute and relative reduction of intraocular pressure (IOP) at mean, peak and trough from baseline, ocular adverse effects and systemic adverse events.

Results

Seven randomized controlled trials with 685 patients were included. In comparison with timolol, latanoprost reduced absolute IOP in CACG patients by more than 2.3 mmHg (95%CI, 1.8∼2.9, P<0.01), 2.4 mmHg (95%CI, 1.9∼2.9, P<0.01) and 2.5 mmHg (95%CI, 1.6∼3.3, P<0.01) at mean, peak and trough, respectively. As for relative IOP, there is 9.0% (95%CI, 6.6∼11.4, P<0.01), 9.7% (95%CI, 7.6∼11.8, P<0.01), and 10.8% (95%CI, 7.4∼14.3, P<0.01) greater reduction among latanoprost users than among timolol users. The differences were statistically significant at all time points (1, 2, 4, 8, 12, and 24 weeks). More ocular adverse effects (OR = 1.49, 95% CI, 1.05∼2.10, P = 0.02) and less systemic adverse events (OR = 0.46, 95% CI, 0.25∼0.84, P = 0.01) were observed in latanoprost group in comparison with timolol group.

Conclusion

Compared with timolol, latanoprost was significantly more effective in lowering IOP of Asian patients with CACG, with higher risk of ocular adverse effects but lower risk of systemic adverse events, and might be a good substitute for CACG patients.     

Evaluation of the intraocular pressure-reducing effect of latanoprost as monotherapy in open-angle glaucoma

Objective of this study was to evaluate the intraocular pressure-reducing effect of latanoprost as monotherapy after replacing current dual therapy in glaucoma patients. The 6-months study comprised 189 patients with primary open angle glaucoma who were treated at least 6 months with two different kind of topical medications (beta-blockers, pilocarpine, dorzolamide and brimonidine). Due to local side effects, multiple dosing regime and inadequately controlled intraocular pressure (IOP), they where switched to latanoprost 0.005% monotherapy. After switched to latanoprost, mean (IOP) was measured at baseline, after 15 days, 2 and 6 months of treatment. After six-months 178 patients had completed the study. These analyses enrolled all patients (n = 189), thus, the Intention-To-Treat (ITT) results were shown instead of the results of the reduced population. IOP was clinically importantly reduced from baseline level. Five patients had uncontrolled IOP. The difference between IOP before (21.9 +/- 2.4) and after 15 days (17.4 +/- 1.7), 2 months (16.7 +/- 1.8) and 6 months (16.6 +/- 1.4) was statistically significant (p < 0.001). 90% patients has reached target IOP < or = 18 mm. A conjunctional hyperaemia in 18 (9%), stinging and itching in 7 (4%) patients was reported. Increased iris pigmentation was seen in 3 (2%) patients. The results of this study indicate that dual therapy in open-angle glaucoma can effectively be replaced by latanoprost monotherapy in many patients.     

汉防己甲素滴眼液对高眼压模型大鼠的降眼压作用

目的比较观察汉防己甲素滴眼液与0.5%噻吗心安滴眼液对高眼压模型大鼠及正常大鼠降眼压的作用。方法正常SD大鼠共分4组：不同浓度的汉防己甲素滴眼液组（0.1%、0.2%、0.3%）及阳性对照组0.5%噻吗心安,药物滴右眼各一滴,阴性对照组生理盐水滴左眼、测量滴药前24h和滴药后1、3、6、24、48、72h的眼压。应用倍频532激光对SD大鼠右眼上巩膜静脉以及小梁网所在区域实施光凝术建立高眼压大鼠模型。高眼压模型鼠共分5组：不同浓度的汉防己甲素滴眼液0.05%、0.1%、0.2%、0.3%及阳性对照组0.5%噻吗心安,右眼即模型眼滴用药物,左眼作为空白对照。测量术前后的眼压。结果汉防己甲素滴眼液对大鼠正常眼压无降压作用（P〉0.05）。对高眼压大鼠用药后24h、72h、1周后,0.3%汉防己甲素滴眼液组降低眼压的幅度与0.5%噻吗心安滴眼液降低眼压的幅度相似（P〉0.05）;0.05%、0.1%、0.2%汉防己甲素滴眼液组也有明显的降压作用,但与0.5%噻吗心安滴眼液相比,降压幅度低于后者（P〈0.05）。结论0.05%、0.1%、0.2%、0.3%汉防己甲素滴眼液均有降低大鼠高眼压的作用,其中0.3%浓度的汉防己甲素滴眼液降眼压效果与0.5%的噻吗心安类似。汉防已甲素滴眼液作为一种治疗青光眼的药物有着良好应用前景。