动物细胞培养过程PAT和在线生物检测技术

利用动物细胞反应器大规模培养生产疫苗和抗体是现代生物医药产业的重要组成部分,这些产品在疾病管控、治疗重大疾病当中的作用是不可替代的。在过去的几十年中,动物细胞大规模培养技术已取得了长足的进步,相关产品的产量显著提高。现代生物制药对产品质量和一致性提出了更高的要求。越来越多的过程研究工作致力于提高产品质量和一致性。而一致的工艺性能和Qb D需要充分利用过程分析技术(process analytical technology,PAT)。对动物细胞培养过程的PAT应用、过程检测的类型、过程在线检测传感器和在线检测技术进行了较系统的介绍。     

微重力组织工程的产生与发展

概述了微重力组织工程的产生与发展趋势。动物细胞培养技术为研究细胞的形态、结构、功能与遗传特性 ,揭示细胞分裂、组织分化、器官组织形成等生命科学领域的基本问题发挥了巨大作用 ;大规模动物细胞培养技术已广泛应用于生物制药、生产疫苗以及生物学诊断试剂。但是 ,常规培养技术无法实现由细胞重建组织这一构想。微重力组织工程利用旋转培养器产生的微重力环境与动物细胞培养技术相结合 ,使组织重建成为可能 ,成为生命科学发展史上的一个新的里程碑。     

一种细胞培养发酵罐的评价

人和动物细胞的体外培养在生物学和医学研究中起着重要作用。然而,将动物细胞培养应用于生产却因在获得足够的产额及生物活性方面的困难而受到限制。传统上一直把细胞培养产物用作人类和牲畜的病毒疫苗,这些疫苗至今已大规模应用。在过去的七年中,大规模细胞培养技术已用于α—和β—干扰素的生产。最近,动物细胞培养技术也已用来生产大量的单克隆抗体和一些遗传工程蛋白质。     

动物细胞大规模培养过程中细胞凋亡的检测与控制

动物细胞大规模培养技术是目前生物技术制药产业广泛采用的技术平台,凋亡是大规模培养过程中细胞的主要死亡方式。近些年来,细胞凋亡的形态学特征和分子机制已得到初步阐明,并由此开发出了一系列的细胞凋亡检测和控制方法,为提高大规模培养中的细胞活力发挥了重要作用。     

细胞培养微载体及其在生物医药领域的应用

细胞培养微载体能为贴壁依赖性细胞提供超大的附着生长表面,是动物细胞大规模培养过程中的一种重要生物功能材料。由于不同应用领域对细胞微载体的要求略有差异,因此产品设计开发已成为细胞微载体培养技术成功应用的关键。该文从细胞微载体的开发设计与应用水平上进行了综述,以探讨细胞微载体培养技术的发展方向。     

生物反应器动物细胞培养技术在生物领域的应用及发展趋势

随着我国疫苗市场的迅速发展,疫苗生产技术正经历着从大规模转瓶培养动物细胞疫苗工艺向生物反应器培养动物细胞疫苗工艺的转变。生物反应器培养工艺,具有综合成本低、批量大、批间差小、所获得病毒抗原含量高等优点。不仅提高我国疫苗生产技术、疫苗质量,而且使我国生物产业近一步走向国际化。     

微载体系统动物细胞大规模培养技术

微载体系统动物细胞大规模培养技术王佃亮,肖成祖动物细胞大规模培养技术首创于１９６２年［１］,时隔五年,荷兰的ＶａｎＷｅｚｅｌ［２］率先在这一领域中使用了微载体（ｍｉｃｒｏｃａｒｒｉｅｒ,ＭＣ）微载体系统（ｍｉｃｒｏｃａｒｒｉｅｒｓｙｓｔｅｍ,ＭＣＳ）用于动物细胞大规模培养具有显著的优点：①兼具单层培养和悬浮培养的优势,且是均相培养;②细胞所处环境均一,放大容易;③环境条件（温度、ＰＨ、Ｃｏ２,Po2等)容易测量④具有较高的表面积体积比⑤培养操作可系统化、自动化,降低了污染发生的机会。     

搅拌式动物细胞反应器研究应用与发展

随着动物细胞表达的治疗型重组蛋白的应用越来越广,动物细胞大规模培养技术备受关注,其中,机械搅拌式动物细胞生物反应器得到了广泛应用。本文对搅拌式动物细胞培养罐的结构功能进行了系统性的介绍,总结了其特性及国内外的研究现状与应用,最后指出其研发尚存在的问题及对未来的展望。     

《生物工程下游技术》(第二版)

“生物工程下游技术”目前还没有准确的定义 ,因此 ,考虑到我国发展生物技术的需要 ,本书界定了一个较宽的范围 ,几乎包括了整个生物技术的中、下游技术和最终产品的质量监测等诸多方面。全书分为三篇。在第一篇“生物反应器及大规模细胞培养”中 ,包括了生物反应器基本理论与参数、细胞生长及代谢动力学、生物反应器的基本类型、反应器的参数控制与优化等部分。鉴于基因工程药物的糖基化问题日益引起生物医药界的关注 ,哺乳动物细胞载体的重要性亦更加突出。故书中对动物细胞的大规模培养、细胞培养用微载体等 ,花了较大的篇幅 ,进行了较为…     

大规模动物细胞培养技术研究进展

利用动物细胞大规模培养技术可生产多种生物制品,为提高细胞活力和表达水平及有利于表达产物的纯化,采用有多种添加成分的无血清培养基培养细胞,选择更有利于细胞生长又可提高培养细胞密度的微载体和条件温和、易操作、气体交换速度快的生物反应器,在线监控细胞生存环境和生理活动,减少培养过程培养基中的抑制因素,可创造更适合细胞生存的环境,提高表达水平,向细胞中导入抗凋亡基因,可提高细胞活性和蛋白产量。利用多也微载体以球转球方式大规模培养动物细胞有很好的发展前景。     

体外模型的发展及其在鲸豚研究中的应用

体外补充替代模型“细胞系”为生命科学研究提供了新的平台,在一定程度上突破了科学研究中伦理、法律、动物福利和动物保护等的限制,从细胞和分子视角更深层次地揭示复杂生命体的生物效应和 调控机制。尤其对于濒危动物,细胞系的建立与超低温冷冻技术相结合,既可以保存濒危动物具有生物表达活性的遗传种质,又可以提供体外保育研究的新平台（如动物毒理学实验）,对动物保护意义 重大。目前细胞培养体系已作为多功能平台被应用于鲸豚类细胞遗传学、病毒学和毒理学的相关研究中,但从物种和组织来源以及细胞类型来看,能长期稳定传代的鲸豚类细胞系仍较单一。优化细胞培 养条件,运用鲸豚类体外细胞揭示更多的生命机制问题,仍是当前鲸豚类体外细胞模型研究所面临的挑战。本文对动物体外模型及其在鲸豚研究中的应用进行了概述,以期推动该技术在鲸豚保育研究中 的创新和发展。     

动物细胞培养技术在人造肉研究中的应用

人造肉作为2018年全球十大突破和新兴科技之一,因其来源可追溯、食品安全性和绿色可持续等优势得到广泛的关注。欧美等国家已经投入大量资源开展细胞培养人造肉研究,未来将对我国的肉制品及食品市场造成一定的冲击。现阶段,细胞培养人造肉生产的挑战在于如何高效模拟动物肌肉组织生长环境,并在生物反应器中实现大规模的生产。尽管动物细胞组织培养技术已经得到深入的研究,并取得了不同程度的成功应用,但由于现有动物细胞组织培养成本与技术要求较高,仍不能实现大规模的产业化培养。因此,对于人造肉的生产来说,开发高效、安全的大规模细胞培养技术是亟需解决的问题,可以有效降低生产成本,实现产业化应用。文中通过介绍基于人造肉生物制造的动物细胞组织培养技术研究现状,具体阐述了目前的挑战和关键技术问题,并初步探讨了其可能的解决策略和应用前景。     

动物细胞培养过程中的细胞凋亡

细胞培养过程中的细胞凋亡是细胞受环境因素的影响而发生的现象。随着对细胞凋亡的分子生物学和细胞生物学了解的深入,显示了有效地控制动物细胞培养中细胞凋亡的巨大潜力。包括采用ＤＮＡ重组技术把抗细胞凋亡的基因导入细胞和在培基中加入具有抗细胞凋亡的生存因子或化合物等手段已用于控制细胞培养过程中的细胞凋亡。这些技术将大大延长细胞达到饱和密度后的培养时间,提高细胞培养系统的生产效率。     

Developmental imaging: Insights into the avian embryo

The study of embryonic events using different animal model systems is crucial for gaining insights into human development and birth defects. Biological imaging plays a major role in this effort by providing a spatiotemporal framework to link complex cell movements with molecular data. However, depending on the age of the embryo and the location of a morphogenetic event, visualization often requires the design of novel culture and imaging techniques. One of the primary model systems for biological imaging is the avian embryo, due to its accessibility to manipulation, relatively two-dimensional morphogenesis early on, and viability when grown in culture. Significant work in avian embryo culture and cell labeling, together with advances in imaging technology, now make it possible to monitor many developmental events within the period from egg laying to hatching. Here, we present the latest in avian developmental imaging, focusing on cell labeling, embryo culture, and imaging technologies.     

Using the Microcyte flow cytometer to monitor cell number, viability, and apoptosis in mammalian cell culture

The Microcyte is a novel, portable flow cytometer based on diode laser technology whose use has been established for yeast and bacterial analysis. We present data that demonstrate its suitability for routine mammalian cell counting and viability determination. To extend its range of applications in the field of animal cell culture biotechnology, a test to determine the number of apoptotic cells present has been developed for use with the instrument. Apoptosis was induced in hybridoma cell cultures by treatment with camptothecin. Apoptotic cells were labeled with biotinylated Annexin V and then visualized using a streptavidin-allophycocyanin conjugate. Their numbers were counted, and the cell size of the apoptotic cell population was determined using the Microcyte.     

Insect Cell Culture and Biotechnology

The continued development of new cell culture technology is essential for the future growth and application of insect cell and baculovirus biotechnology. The use of cell lines for academic research and for commercial applications is currently dominated by two cell lines; the Spodoptera frugiperda line, SF21 (and its clonal isolate, SF9), and the Trichoplusia ni line, BTI 5B1-4, commercially known as High Five cells. The long perceived prediction that the immense potential application of the baculovirus-insect cell system, as a tool in cell and molecular biology, agriculture, and animal health, has been achieved. The versatility and recent applications of this popular expression system has been demonstrated by both academia and industry and it is clear that this cell-based system has been widely accepted for biotechnological applications. Numerous small to midsize startup biotechnology companies in North America and the Europe are currently using the baculovirus-insect cell technology to produce custom recombinant proteins for research and commercial applications. The recent breakthroughs using the baculovirus-insect cell-based system for the development of several commercial products that will impact animal and human health will further enhance interest in this technology by pharma. Clearly, future progress in novel cell and engineering advances will lead to fundamental scientific discoveries and serve to enhance the utility and applications of this baculovirus-insect cell system.     

诺如病毒反向遗传系统的研究进展与应用

诺如病毒是导致人类急性胃肠炎的主要食源性致病原,由于变异快且缺乏稳健的体外细胞培养体系及小动物感染模型,限制了我们对该病原体的深入研究。近年来,可培养鼠源诺如病毒的发现、人源诺如病毒肠道细胞培养体系的开发,以及诺如病毒反向遗传操作体系的构建为系统研究该病原提供了有力工具,加深了我们对其复制机制、致病机理、病毒-宿主相互作用等的了解。本文主要综述了反向遗传学技术用于诺如病毒研究的工作进展,并讨论了该技术在诺如病毒分子病毒学研究、药物筛选和疫苗制备中的应用及发展前景,以期为诺如病毒防控策略的制定及药物靶点的挖掘提供有益参考,推进我国食品安全风险防控工作。     

Insect cell culture and biotechnology

The continued development of new cell culture technology is essential for the future growth and application of insect cell and baculovirus biotechnology. The use of cell lines for academic research and for commercial applications is currently dominated by two cell lines; the Spodoptera frugiperda line, SF21 (and its clonal isolate, SF9), and the Trichoplusia ni line, BTI 5B1-4, commercially known as High Five cells. The long perceived prediction that the immense potential application of the baculovirus-insect cell system, as a tool in cell and molecular biology, agriculture, and animal health, has been achieved. The versatility and recent applications of this popular expression system has been demonstrated by both academia and industry and it is clear that this cell-based system has been widely accepted for biotechnological applications. Numerous small to midsize startup biotechnology companies in North America and the Europe are currently using the baculovirus-insect cell technology to produce custom recombinant proteins for research and commercial applications. The recent breakthroughs using the baculovirus-insect cell-based system for the development of several commercial products that will impact animal and human health will further enhance interest in this technology by pharma. Clearly, future progress in novel cell and engineering advances will lead to fundamental scientific discoveries and serve to enhance the utility and applications of this baculovirus-insect cell system.      

Status and developments of animal cell technology using suspension culture techniques

In this review the state of the art in animal cell technology, using suspension culture techniques is updated as far as the end of 1980. We have tried to discuss, on a broad basis, the current status and potential developments of both, the purely biological and the biochemical engineering aspects which may be important to improve the performance and design of animal cell technologies. The process economics could be considerably improved by the use of transformed animal cell substrates, the use of cheaper cultivation media and by methodological and engineering means. Most of these aspects are in the state of realization. Nevertheless, for a great variety of biological active substances which do not require so – or posttranslational processing, recombinant DNA-techniques (e.g. genetic engineering) are a promising alternative for the production of animal cell derived substances.