慢性心力衰竭患者胱抑素C的变化及意义

目的:观察慢性心力衰竭(Chronic Heart Failure,CHF)患者血清胱抑素C(Cystatin C)水平变化,探讨其与CHF之间的意义.方法:研究对象包括从2008年9月-2009年8月本院入选的CHF组70例,正常对照组30例,采用双抗夹心ELISA法检测血清Cystatin C含量,CHF患者心力衰竭程度按NYHA法分级,记录住院期间及出院6个月内全因病死率和因慢性心衰发作再入院率.结果:CHF组患者血清Cystatin C含量明显高于对照组,心功能Ⅳ级组血清Cystatin C浓度高于心功能Ⅱ、Ⅲ级组.根据慢性心衰患者血清中位数Cystatin C浓度,分为Cystatin C＞1.2mg/l组和Cystatin C＜1.2mg/l组.两组患者住院期间全因死亡率比较中未发现有明显差异;但高血清Cystatin C浓度组患者较低血清Cystatin C浓度组患者在住院期间死亡有增加的趋势.追踪随访6个月,高血清Cys C浓度组患者出院期间全因死亡率、因心衰再住院率有明显高于低浓度组,有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论:Cystatin C与CHF的发生有密切关系,可以诊断CHF及反映CHF近中期预后一个很有前途的指标.     

慢性阻塞性肺疾病合并心力衰竭患者的预后影响因素分析

目的:探讨慢性阻塞性肺疾病合并心力衰竭患者的预后影响因素。方法:选取我院自2007年12月-2012年12月收住入院的慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者352例,其中合并心力衰竭患者124例,随访1年两组的结局事件发生率及相关预后。结果:年龄、糖尿病、脑卒中病史、肿瘤、合并CHF均为COPD患者死亡的危险因素(P0.05)。与未合并CHF组比较,合并CHF组患者的死亡、因COPD再次入院、脑梗死或心肌梗死的危险性增高(P0.05)。结论:CHF是COPD的常见合并症,是COPD患者死亡或相关心血管疾病的危险因素,临床需密切关注。     

基于Tilburg衰弱评估量表评价的老年慢性心力衰竭合并衰弱的危险因素探讨及其对患者生活质量和预后的影响

摘要 目的：基于Tilburg衰弱评估量表评价老年慢性心力衰竭（CHF）的衰弱状况，分析影响衰弱的危险因素，并探讨其对患者生活质量和预后的影响。方法：选取2020年3月～2022年3月我院收治的102例老年CHF患者，根据Tilburg衰弱评估量表分为衰弱组与非衰弱组。收集患者基线资料，采用明尼苏达州心力衰竭生活质量问卷（MLHFQ）评分评估患者的生活质量，采用多因素Logistic回归分析老年CHF患者合并衰弱的危险因素，Spearman相关性分析衰弱组Tilburg衰弱评估量表评分与MLHFQ评分的相关性，比较两组患者生活质量和90 d非计划再入院率、死亡率。结果：102例老年CHF患者合并衰弱的发生率为53.92％（55/102）。多因素Logistic回归分析显示：体质指数（BMI）降低、NYHA心功能分级Ⅲ～Ⅳ级、合并疾病数量增加、血红蛋白（Hb）降低、红细胞分布宽度（RDW）升高、白蛋白（Alb）降低、N末端B型脑钠肽前体（NT-ProBNP）升高为老年CHF患者合并衰弱的独立危险因素（P＜0.05）。衰弱组MLHFQ身体领域、情绪领域、其他领域评分高于非衰弱组（P＜0.05）。Spearman相关性分析显示，老年CHF患者合并衰弱患者Tilburg衰弱评估量表评分与MLHFQ身体领域、情绪领域、其他领域评分呈正相关（rs=0.505、0.424、0.526，P均＜0.001）。随访90 d，衰弱组非计划再入院率高于非衰弱组（P＜0.05）。结论：老年CHF患者衰弱状况发生率较高，BMI、NYHA心功能分级、合并疾病数量、Hb、RDW、Alb、NT-ProBNP为老年CHF患者合并衰弱的影响因素，衰弱可导致患者生活质量下降和预后不良。Tilburg衰弱评估量表能快速评价老年CHF患者合并衰弱状况，有助于指导临床及时采取干预措施改善患者生活质量和预后。     

射血分数正常性心力衰竭的预后研究--- 附三年随访结果分析

目的:评价射血分数(EF)正常性心力衰竭患者的流行病学特点及其3年预后,并与EF降低性心力衰竭患者进行比较.方法:选择2005-1至2006-12二所三甲医院心内科收治的461例慢性心衰患者,根据入院时左室EF分为EF正常组(EF＞=50%)和EF降低组(EF＜50%),进行为期3年的电话随访;终点事件包括全因死亡、心衰加重再住院.结果:慢性心衰患者中EF正常234例(50.7%),与EF下降患者比较,这类患者中较为高龄、多为女性;病因多为瓣膜病、高血压病及房颤;随访结果显示二组患者的终点事件发生率并无明显差异(P=0.578),Cox回归分析对其它因素校正后发现,房颤(RR=1.301,95%CI:0.995-1.701,P＜0.05)、年龄(RR=1.012,95%CI:1.003-1.022,P＜0.05)是影响慢性心衰患者3年预后的主要因素.结论:在慢性心衰中,EF正常的患者预后与EF下降者相似,对这类病人同样应加强监测及治疗.     

血清Cys-C、TBiL、MR-proADM、AGEs与老年慢性心力衰竭患者心功能和心脏再同步化治疗应答的关系研究

摘要 目的：探讨血清胱抑素C（Cys-C）、总胆红素（TBiL）、肾上腺髓质中段肽（MR-proADM）、晚期糖基化终末产物（AGEs）与老年慢性心力衰竭（CHF）患者心功能和心脏再同步化治疗（CRT）应答的关系。方法：选择2020年3月至2022年1月我院收治的151例接受CRT治疗的老年CHF患者为研究对象,随访6个月,统计治疗应答情况。CRT治疗前检测血清Cys-C、TBiL、MR-proADM、AGEs水平,超声心动图检测心功能,分析血清Cys-C、TBiL、MR-proADM、AGEs与心功能的相关性以及与老年CHF患者CRT治疗应答的关系。结果：151例患者失访1例,余150例患者中无应答48例（无应答组）,应答102例（应答组）。无应答组血清Cys-C、TBiL、MR-proADM、AGEs水平均高于应答组（P＜0.05）,且与左心室射血分数（LVEF）呈负相关（P＜0.05）,与左室舒张末期内径（LVEDD）和左室收缩末期内径（LVESD）呈正相关（P＜0.05）。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示缺血性心肌病、血清Cys-C、TBiL、MR-proADM、AGEs是老年CHF患者CRT治疗无应答的危险因素（P＜0.05）,LVEF是保护因素（P＜0.05）。结论：CRT治疗无应答老年CHF患者血清Cys-C、TBiL、MR-proADM、AGEs水平升高,且与心功能下降有关。血清Cys-C、TBiL、MR-proADM、AGEs是CRT治疗无应答的危险因素,可为CRT治疗效果评估提供一定的参考。     

超声心动图参数联合血清NT-pro BNP、suPAR、PTX-3预测慢性心力衰竭患者预后的临床研究

摘要 目的：探讨超声心动图参数联合血清N末端B型脑钠肽前体（NT-pro BNP）、可溶性尿激酶型纤溶酶原激活物受体（suPAR）、正五聚体蛋白-3（PTX-3）预测慢性心力衰竭（CHF）患者预后的临床价值。方法：选取2019年1月-2021年10月联勤保障部队第909医院收治的122例CHF患者作为CHF组,同期选取50例体检健康者作为对照组。比较两组超声心动图参数和血清NT-pro BNP、suPAR、PTX-3水平。CHF患者出院后随访12个月,根据预后情况分为预后不良组和预后良好组,并比较两组超声心动图参数和血清NT-pro BNP、suPAR、PTX-3水平。受试者工作特征（ROC）曲线分析超声心动图参数联合血清NT-pro BNP、suPAR、PTX-3对CHF患者预后不良的预测价值。结果：与对照组比较,CHF组左心室舒张末期直径（LVEDD）、左心室收缩末期直径（LVESD）、NT-pro BNP、suPAR、PTX-3显著升高（P＜0.05）,左心室射血分数（LVEF）显著降低（P＜0.05）。122例CHF患者出院后随访12个月,其中预后不良患者35例、预后良好患者83例。与预后良好组比较,预后不良组LVEDD、LVESD、NT-pro BNP、suPAR、PTX-3显著升高（P＜0.05）,LVEF显著降低（P＜0.05）。ROC曲线分析结果显示,LVEDD、LVESD、LVEF联合NT-pro BNP、suPAR、PTX-3预测CHF预后不良的效能最高,显著优于各项指标单独预测。结论：超声心动图参数LVEDD、LVESD、LVEF联合血清NT-pro BNP、suPAR、PTX-3预测CHF患者预后不良的价值较高,可作为预测CHF患者预后的辅助指标。     

慢性心力衰竭合并肺部感染患者血清降钙素原、血管紧张素Ⅱ、人单核细胞趋化蛋白-1与心脏功能和预后不良的关系分析

摘要 目的：探讨慢性心力衰竭（CHF）合并肺部感染患者血清降钙素原（PCT）、血管紧张素Ⅱ（Ang II）及人单核细胞趋化蛋白-1（MCP-1）与心脏功能和预后不良的关系。方法：选择2018年3月至2020年3月本院收治的CHF合并肺部感染患者94例作为合并感染组,同期收治的CHF未合并肺部感染患者54例作为对照组。采用化学发光免疫分析法检测血清PCT水平,采用酶联免疫吸附法检测血清Ang II、MCP-1水平,比较两组血清PCT、Ang II、MCP-1水平及心脏功能指标左室射血分数（LVEF）、左室收缩末期内径（LVESD）、左室舒张末期内径（LVEDD）、心率（HR）,分析合并感染组血清PCT、Ang II、MCP-1水平与LVEF、LVESD、LVEDD、HR的相关性。合并感染组患者积极治疗后根据住院期间和随访6个月是否发生不良心脏事件分为预后良好组和预后不良组,采用单因素及多因素logistic回归模型分析CHF合并肺部感染患者预后的影响因素。结果：合并感染组血清PCT、Ang II、MCP-1水平及LVESD、LVEDD、HR高于对照组（P＜0.05）,LVEF低于对照组（P＜0.05）。血清PCT、Ang II、MCP-1水平与LVEF呈负相关（P＜0.05）,与LVESD、LVEDD、HR呈正相关（P＜0.05）。单因素分析结果显示,CHF合并肺部感染患者的预后与心力衰竭病程、美国纽约心脏病协会（NYHA）心功能分级、N末端B型利钠肽原（NT-proBNP）、PCT、Ang II、MCP-1水平有关（P＜0.05）。多因素logistic回归分析显示,心力衰竭病程＞6年、NYHA心功能III级和IV级、NT-proBNP＞570 ng/L、PCT＞3.27 μg/L、Ang II＞68.47 ng/L及MCP-1＞267.65 ng/L是CHF合并肺部感染患者预后不良的危险因素（P＜0.05）。结论：CHF合并肺部感染患者血清PCT、Ang II、MCP-1水平异常升高,与患者心脏功能及预后不良有关,可作为患者心脏功能和预后评估的辅助指标。     

超声心动图对慢性收缩性心力衰竭预后的预测价值分析

目的:探讨超声心动图对慢性收缩性心力衰竭(心衰)预后的预测价值。方法:选择2016年8月到2018年9月在南京医科大学附属脑科医院(胸科院区)医学影像二科(以我院代替)诊治的慢性收缩性心衰患者112例,均给予超声心动图检查并记录相关指标,随访患者的预后并进行相关性分析。结果:随访至今,112例患者的主要心血管不良事件(Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events,MACE)发生率为18.8%。MACE组患者的左室收缩末期容积(Left ventricular end systolic volume,LVESV)、左室舒张末期容积(Left ventricular end diastolic volume,LVEDV)值显著高于非MACE组患者(P0.05),两组患者左室收缩末期内径(Left ventricular end systolic diameter,LVDs)、左房内径(Left atrial diameter,LAD)、左心室舒张末期内径(Left ventricular end diastolic dimension,LVDd值无统计学差异(P0.05)。患者预后MACE与LVEDV、LVESV值呈显著相关性(P0.05)。LVEDV、LVESV为影响慢性收缩性心衰患者MACE的独立危险因素(P0.05)。结论:超声心动图用于慢性收缩性心衰患者可反映患者的心功能状况,且具有较高的预后预测价值。     

147 例慢性心力衰竭伴抑郁患者的护理干预效应

目的：探讨护理干预对慢性心力衰竭（CHF）伴抑郁患者相关性的影响。方法：对147例此类患者生存质量,疾病康复的相关性进行分析,采取各种方式干预、评估。结果：CHF伴抑郁严重影响患者长期生存质量,增加再住院率和死亡率。结论：长期有针对性地进行护理教育和康复训练可提升患者的生存质量。     

血尿酸浓度水平与慢性心功能衰竭的关系

目的:研究慢性心力衰竭患者血尿酸水平与心功能的关系。方法:观察99例住院的CHF患者及96例健康体检者血尿酸水平并进行比较。结果:随着心衰程度的加重,血尿酸水平及高尿酸血症发生率均逐渐增高,病例各组间及治疗前后比较差异有显著性(P0.05)。结论:高尿酸血症在慢性心力衰竭患者中常见;对于慢性心力衰竭患者,心衰程度与HUA水平明显相关,可反映心力衰竭患者的病情程度。     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

Enterovirus 71 3C proteolytically processes the histone H3 N-terminal tail during infection

Highlights
1. The N-terminal tail of histone H3 is specifically cleaved during EV71 infection.
2. Viral protease 3C is identified as a protease responsible for proteolytically processing the N-terminal H3 tail.
3. Our finding reveals a new epigenetic regulatory mechanism for Enterovirus 71 in virus-host interactions.     

Detection of EBV and HHV6 in the Brain Tissue of Patients with Rasmussen’s Encephalitis

Rasmussen’s encephalitis (RE) is a rare pediatric neurological disorder, and the exact etiology is not clear. Viral infection may be involved in the pathogenesis of RE, but conflicting results have reported. In this study, we evaluated the expression of both Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and human herpes virus (HHV) 6 antigens in brain sections from 30 patients with RE and 16 control individuals by immunohistochemistry. In the RE group, EBV and HHV6 antigens were detected in 56.7% (17/30) and 50% (15/30) of individuals, respectively. In contrast, no detectable EBV and HHV6 antigen expression was found in brain tissues of the control group. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in 20.0% (6/30) of individuals. In particular, a 4-year-old boy had a typical clinical course, including a medical history of viral encephalitis, intractable epilepsy, and hemispheric atrophy. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in neurons and astrocytes in the brain tissue, accompanied by a high frequency of CD8⁺ T cells. Our results suggest that EBV and HHV6 infection and the activation of CD8⁺ T cells are involved in the pathogenesis of RE.     

Perinatal Vertical Transmission of Chikungunya Virus in Ruili,a Town on the Border between China and Myanmar

正Dear Editor,Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an arbovirus in the family of Togaviridae, genus Alphavirus, is transmitted by the A.aegyptii or A. albopictus mosquito, and causes disease in humans characterized by fever, rash, and arthralgia (Silva and Dermody 2017; Suhrbier 2019). It was first reported in 1953 in Tanzania, and caused only a few outbreaks and sporadic cases in Africa and Asia in last century. However, in the epidemic in 2004, CHIKV acquired mutations that conferred enhanced transmission by the A. albopictus mosquito(Schuffenecker et al. 2006). Since then, it has successively caused outbreaks in Africa, the Indian Ocean, South East Asia, the South America, and Europe (Zeller et al. 2016).     

Development of a Novel Reverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Method for Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2

In conclusion, the novel visual RT-LAMP assay is a simple, rapid, and sensitive approach for detection of SARS-CoV-2, and it is ready for application in primary care and community hospitals or health care centers, and even patients' own houses in response to the current SARS-CoV-2 epidemic because the assay does not require sophisticated equipment and skilled personnel. Furthermore, it is also ready to be used in fields for screening samples from wild animals and environments to facilitate the identification of potential intermediate hosts that mediate the cross-species transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from bats to humans.