公立医院财政预算项目绩效评价结果应用研究

我国启动了公立医院财政预算项目绩效评价试点工作,但绩效评价结果应用上尚处于探索阶段。介绍了财政部和主管部门对公立医院财政预算项目绩效评价结果应用的政策要求,提出了加强项目绩效评价结果应用的建议,包括结果反馈、结果公开和结果挂钩。

     

公立医院外部绩效评价的执行路径研究

目的 探索公立医院外部绩效评价在公立医院的有效执行路径。方法 访谈公立医院管理人员,调研不同执行情况的北京市属公立医院进行案例分析;构建公立医院外部绩效评价政策执行的分析框架;对公立医院外部绩效评价政策资料和研究文献进行分析。结果 构建公立医院外部绩效评价政策在公立医院的四种执行模式,归纳外部绩效评价执行的院科两级影响因素。结论 政府主管部门、公立医院、部门科室三层级的绩效评价融合是推进公立医院外部绩效评价政策在公立医院内有效执行的路径选择。     

我国公立医院绩效评价研究述评

在对国内公立医院绩效评价文献研究的基础上,从医院、科室和员工3个层面,分析了公立医院绩效评价指标体系构建的研究现状,进而对公立医院绩效评价的系统考核技术、指标筛选方法和权重设置方法进行了述评,最后提出并探讨了我国公立医院绩效评价中存在的问题。     

我国公立医院改革绩效评价必要性与基本框架探究

总结了我国公立医院改革的进程,分析了进行公立医院改革绩效评价的必要性,然后设计了公立医院改革逻辑模型,最后对公立医院改革绩效评价的目标、原则和主要内容进行了讨论。     

以管理成效为导向的医院职能部门绩效考核方法研究

目的 探索适应公立医院绩效评价背景的职能部门绩效考核方法。方法 在文献复习、专题小组讨论和专家访谈的基础上,调研不同类别公立医院进行分析,梳理公立医院职能部门绩效考核的概况、职能部门职责发展变化以及职能部门待解决的问题。结果 发现职能部门任务复杂化,面临系列问题亟待解决,现有的职能部门绩效考核方法有待发展。提出以管理成效为导向的职能部门绩效考核方法;从重点工作、日常行政工作、管理能力进行考核,旨在激励约束职能部门改进管理成效。结论 建立健全以管理成效为导向的职能部门绩效考核方法是促进公立医院执行公立医院绩效评价政策的有益探索。     

全面预算管理下公立医院的成本管理分析

成本管理是公立医院经济管理不可或缺的关键部分,但是当前我国公立医院的成本管理方面还存在着预算管理与成本核算模式单一、流于表面,医院运行规模庞大,支出过高造成浪费,规章制度不健全,职工成本控制意识淡漠,缺乏内部审计监督机制等问题。建立全面预算管理能使医院有效决策,能有效提高医院职工的成本意识,降低医院的管理成本。在全面预算管理下公立医院应当明确定位成本控制的目标,健全成本控制规章制度,财务部门统一管理,改善医院的资本结构,提高资金使用效益,重视人力成本的管理,树立成本控制的理念,加强内部审计监督,从而进行有效的成本管理。     

对公立医院岗位绩效评价研究的几点思考

根据公立医院改革的实际,对公立医院岗位绩效评价研究的若干问题进行了思考,对研究需要理清的理论基础、方法学和指标体系建立3个关键环节进行了分析,提出了研究需要解决的问题和建议,为公立医院岗位绩效评价研究提供参考。     

对建立医院支出预算控制指标体系的探讨

从医院经济管理的现实出发,从理论上阐述了建立支出预算控制指标体系的必要性,其中重点说明了该体系对改善医院预算管理现状的现实意义,同时可增强预算控制的操作性,从而对提升医院管理发挥积极作用,达到降低成本,实施科学化管理的目的;另指出在实践中,如何分步骤地建立预算控制指标体系,并结合具体支出项目,提出一些将预算管理和支出控制相结合的思路与方法,与大家探讨。     

基于融合理念的公立医院内部绩效考核体系探索研究

目的 建立与公立医院目标任务及外部绩效评价相匹配的内部绩效考核体系。方法 监控样本公立医院内部绩效考核体系的运行状态,对现行内部绩效考核体系的运行效果及医务人员反馈意见进行分析。调研管理部门、临床科室,访谈部门科室管理人员。结果 总结了现行内部绩效考核体系待改进的问题,提出基于医疗过程和医疗结果相结合进行全面评价、改进内部绩效工资测算方法、建立完善职能部门绩效评价体系、建立绩效沟通数据平台、融合政策执行评估的改进方案。结论 内部绩效考核体系的动态改进是公立医院实现医院目标任务、执行外部绩效评价的必然要求。     

湖北省县级公立医院改革试点医院财务收支状况分析

目的 通过分析湖北省县级公立医院改革试点医院财务收支现状及存在的问题,为更好地推动县级公立医院改革提供理论基础和行动指南。方法 采用现场调研方法收集湖北省35个县级公立医院改革试点医院的财政收入、支出和盈余等相关数据,运用描述性统计方法研究财务收支现状及其变化发展趋势。结果 (1)财政投入不足; (2)取消药品加成取得初效,但仍需加强;(3)县级公立医院欠费问题严峻;（4）中医院创收能力较弱;（5）总体收支结余增长过快。结论 针对县级公立医院财务存在的问题提出落实政府投入政策,建立市场调节型的多元化融资机制,优化中医院创收结构和核心竞争力,落实各种欠费的管理措施,加强县级公立医院预算管理。     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

Enterovirus 71 3C proteolytically processes the histone H3 N-terminal tail during infection

Highlights
1. The N-terminal tail of histone H3 is specifically cleaved during EV71 infection.
2. Viral protease 3C is identified as a protease responsible for proteolytically processing the N-terminal H3 tail.
3. Our finding reveals a new epigenetic regulatory mechanism for Enterovirus 71 in virus-host interactions.     

Detection of EBV and HHV6 in the Brain Tissue of Patients with Rasmussen’s Encephalitis

Rasmussen’s encephalitis (RE) is a rare pediatric neurological disorder, and the exact etiology is not clear. Viral infection may be involved in the pathogenesis of RE, but conflicting results have reported. In this study, we evaluated the expression of both Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and human herpes virus (HHV) 6 antigens in brain sections from 30 patients with RE and 16 control individuals by immunohistochemistry. In the RE group, EBV and HHV6 antigens were detected in 56.7% (17/30) and 50% (15/30) of individuals, respectively. In contrast, no detectable EBV and HHV6 antigen expression was found in brain tissues of the control group. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in 20.0% (6/30) of individuals. In particular, a 4-year-old boy had a typical clinical course, including a medical history of viral encephalitis, intractable epilepsy, and hemispheric atrophy. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in neurons and astrocytes in the brain tissue, accompanied by a high frequency of CD8⁺ T cells. Our results suggest that EBV and HHV6 infection and the activation of CD8⁺ T cells are involved in the pathogenesis of RE.     

Perinatal Vertical Transmission of Chikungunya Virus in Ruili,a Town on the Border between China and Myanmar

正Dear Editor,Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an arbovirus in the family of Togaviridae, genus Alphavirus, is transmitted by the A.aegyptii or A. albopictus mosquito, and causes disease in humans characterized by fever, rash, and arthralgia (Silva and Dermody 2017; Suhrbier 2019). It was first reported in 1953 in Tanzania, and caused only a few outbreaks and sporadic cases in Africa and Asia in last century. However, in the epidemic in 2004, CHIKV acquired mutations that conferred enhanced transmission by the A. albopictus mosquito(Schuffenecker et al. 2006). Since then, it has successively caused outbreaks in Africa, the Indian Ocean, South East Asia, the South America, and Europe (Zeller et al. 2016).     

Development of a Novel Reverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Method for Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2

In conclusion, the novel visual RT-LAMP assay is a simple, rapid, and sensitive approach for detection of SARS-CoV-2, and it is ready for application in primary care and community hospitals or health care centers, and even patients' own houses in response to the current SARS-CoV-2 epidemic because the assay does not require sophisticated equipment and skilled personnel. Furthermore, it is also ready to be used in fields for screening samples from wild animals and environments to facilitate the identification of potential intermediate hosts that mediate the cross-species transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from bats to humans.