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1.
The karyotypes of 5 samples in Allium Sect. Bromatorrhiza Ekberg were
analysed in this paper.
In Allium wallichii Kunth, the first sample is a diploid, with genome formula is AA and
karyotype formula is K(2n)=2x=14=2m(SAT)+2m+10sm. The second is an autotetraploid,
with genome formula AAAA, karyotype formul K(2n)=4x=28=2m(SAT)+6m+20sm. These
two karyotypes belong to “3A”. The two karyotypes of A. wallichii Kunth are similar in
morphology, though different in ploidy.
In Allium hookeri Thwaites, the first sample is a dibasic autoallotriploid. Its genome
formula is AAB1; the basic number of the genome A is 7 and that of the genome B1 is 8. The
karyotype formula is K(2n)=2x+x'=22=(12sm+2t)+(1m+4sm+1st+2t). The second is
also an autoallotriploid. The genomes in pairs are similar to those in the first sample in size
and morphology of chromosomes. However, the unpaired genome differs from the first one
apparently. Therefore, its genome formula is AAB2, and karyotype formula is K(2n)=2x+
x'=22=(12sm+2t)+(3m+1sm+2st+2t). The third is doubling of the first karyotype. It is
an autoallohexaploid, with genome formula AAAAB1 B1 and karyotype formula K(2n)=4x+2x'= 44= (24sm+4t) + (2m+8sm+2st+4t). These three karyotypes belong to “3A”. 相似文献
2.
以2份角堇与4份大花三色堇自交系为试验材料,采用染色体常规压片方法,观察和分析了它们的细胞染色体数目、相对长度、平均臂比等核型指标,以明确两种植物细胞学特点,为分类以及育种提供理论依据。结果表明:(1)2份角堇自交系染色体数目均为2n=2x=26,染色体基数为x=13,染色体核型公式分别为2n=2x=26=8m+12sm+6st、2n=2x=26=4m+16sm+6st,核型不对称系数为67.20%~70.10%,核型分类均属于3B。(2)4份大花三色堇自交系均为四倍体,其中2份(EYO-1-2-1-4、DSRFY-1-1-2)染色体数目为44,核型公式为2n=4x=44=4m+16sm+6st、2n=4x=44=16m+24sm+4st;2份(G10-1-3-1-4、XXL-YB-1-1-1-1)染色体数目为48,核型公式分别为2n=4x=48=8m+20sm+20st、2n=4x=48=4m+36sm+8st,核型不对称系数为66.74%~71.77%,核型分类属于2B、3B。 相似文献
3.
山东10种植物的核型分析 总被引:6,自引:1,他引:5
对山东10 种植物进行了核型分析。茴茴蒜( Ranunculuschinensis Bge-) 染色体数目2n =16 , 核型公式K(2n) = 2x = 16 = 2 M + 2m + 2sm + 10st, “3A”类型; 五脉地椒( Thymusquinquecostatus Celak-) 染色体数目2n= 26 , 核型公式K (2n) = 2x= 26 = 8 M + 18m , “1A”类型; 蛇床( Cnidium monnieri(L-) Cuss-) 染色体数目2n= 20 , 核型公式K (2n) = 2x= 20 = 2M+ 16m + 2sm , “2B”类型; 波斯菊( Cosmos bipinnatus Cav-) 染色体数目2n = 24 , 核型公式K(2n) = 2x = 24 = 16m + 2m (sat) + 6sm , “2A”类型; 白车轴草( Trifolium repens L-) 染色体数目2n= 32 , 核型公式K (2n) = 4x = 32 = 32m , “1A”类型; 铁苋菜( Acalypha australis L-)染色体数目2n = 32 , 核型公式K (2n) = 2x= 32 = 32m , “1B”类型; 地构叶( Speranskia t? 相似文献
4.
采用常规压片技术对分布于横断山区菊科(Compositae)风毛菊属(Saussurea DC.)的6种植物进行染色体数目和核型分析。结果表明:尖苞雪莲(S.polycolea var.acutisquama)核型公式为:2n=2x=32=20m+12sm,属2B型;球花雪莲核(S.globosa)型公式为:2n=2x=34=16m+18sm,属2B型;重齿风毛菊(S.katochaete)核型公式为:2n=2x=32=8m+18sm+6st,属3B型;柱茎风毛菊(S.columnaris)核型公式为:2n=2x=32=24m+8sm,属2B型;禾叶风毛菊(S.graminea)核型公式为:2n=2x=28=8m+18sm+2st,属3B型;长毛风毛菊(S.hieracioides)核型公式为:2n=2x=32=12m+16sm+4st,属2B型。6个种染色体中均未发现随体。其中尖苞雪莲和柱茎风毛菊染色体为首次报道。 相似文献
5.
七种药用植物的染色体研究 总被引:5,自引:1,他引:4
对山东7种药用植物的染色体进行了研究。结果表明:田旋花(ConvolvulusarvensisL)的染色体数目为2n=78;蜜柑草(PhylanthusmatsumuraeHavata)的染色体数目为n=88;挂红灯(PhysalisalkekengiLvarfrancheti(Mast)Makino)的染色体数目为2n=24,核型公式为K(2n)=24=2m+18sm+2st+2st(sat),核型“2A”型;无剌曼陀罗(DaturastramoniumLvarinermis(Jacq)SchinzetThel)的染色体数目为2n=24,核型公式为K(2n)=24=20m+4sm,核型“1B”型;决明(CasiatoraL)的染色体数目为2n=26,核型公式为K(2n)=26=24m+2sm,核型“1A”型;荔枝草(SalviaplebeiaRBr)的染色体数目为2n=16,核型公式为K(2n)=16=6m+10sm,核型“2A”型;车前(PlantagoasiaticaL)的染色体数目为2n=36,核型公式为K(2n)=36=32m+4sm,核型“1A”型。 相似文献
6.
7.
子午岭产4种百合科植物的核型多样性研究 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
对子午岭产百合科黄精属大苞黄精(P.megaphyllum)、玉竹(P.odoratum),百合属的细叶百合(L.pumilum),葱属的糙葶韭(A.anisopodium)4种植物进行了染色体研究。其染色体数目和核型分别为:玉竹2n(2x)=20=12m(2SAT)+8sm,核型为2B型;大苞黄精2n(2x)=22=4m+12sm+6st,核型为3B型;细叶百合2n(2x)=24=4m+10st 相似文献
8.
The present paper reports the chromosome number and karyotype of the genus
Hydrilla. H. verticillate was found to have 2n=16. The karyotype is 2n=16=6m+6sm+
4st. No difference between the male and the female was found in the work. H. verticillata
var. roxburghii Casp. has the somatic chromosome number 2n=24, and its karyotype is 2n=
3x=24=9m+9sm+6st. The variety may be a autotriploid. The karyotype of the genus isobviously bimodal, with No. 1-5 in the first group and 6-8 in the second group. 相似文献
9.
中国山茶属4种2变种核型研究 总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11
本文采用去壁低渗法研究了我国山茶属植物4种2变种的核型。根据Levan等的命名系统,各个种的核型可简式为大理茶2n=20m+2m(SAT)+8sm;勐腊茶2n=20m+2m(SAT)+6sm+2sm(SAT);德宏茶2n=20m+8sm+2sm(SAT);苦茶2n=20m+9sm+1sm(SAT);茶2n=18m+2m(SAT)+12sm;白毛茶2n=18m十2m(SAT)+9sm+1sm(SAT)。这些种都是二倍体种(2n=2x=30),未发现多倍体。在勐腊茶核型中发现2个超数染色体(B-chromosome)。核型的不对称性表明,这些种均属于Stebbins核型分类的2A型核型。这些种在“随体数目和位置,最长染色体与最短染色体之比,臂比大于2:1的染色体比例,着丝点端化值,染色体绝对长度”方面的变异是清楚易见的。核型的变异表明,这些种的染色体进化顺序为大理茶—→勐腊茶—→德宏茶—→普洱茶—→白毛茶—→苦茶—→茶。这一结果与张宏达提出的山茶属植物的分类系统基木吻合。本文还讨论了山茶属植物核型的杂合性和多态性。本文中勐腊茶、德宏茶、苦茶的染色体数目和核型及大理茶的核型为首次报道。 相似文献
10.
11.
Li Lin-Chu 《植物分类学报:英文版》1988,26(5):371-377
The present paper deals with the karyotypic analysis of Taxodium ascendens Brongn.
The somatic chromosomes in root-tip cells of the plant are found to be 2n =22, all with median
and submedian constrictions. A character of the karyotype is that the chromosome 10 has
a long kinetochore region (Plate 1:1). According to the terminology defined by Levan et al.[18],
the karyotype formula is k(2n)=22=20m+2sm, which is different to Huang et Hsu’s[8]
K(2n)=24=22m+2B(m). The karyotype belongs to “lA” of Stebbins’[24] karyotypic symmetry
and is generally regarded as a relatively primitive one. The species’ chromosome complement
is 2n=22=2L+8M2+12M1 according to I.R.L.difined by Kuo et al.[15] based on relative length.
The lengths, arm ratios and types of chromosomes of the species are given in Table 1-I. The
morphology of the chromosomes and the karyotype, are given in Plate 1:1.
In the light of the works of Schlarbaum et al.[21] and Mehra et al.[17], K(2n)=22=20m
(2SAT)+2sm and 2n=22=2L+6M2+14M1 are for T. distichum (L.) Rich. (see Table 1-II),
K(2n)=20m+2sm and 2n=22=4L+4M2+12M1+2S for T. mucronatum Tenore (see Table
1-III, Plate 1:2), which belong to “lA” and “2A” respectively.
The differences between three species in the ratio of the longest to the shortest chromosome,
I.R.L. and the proportion of chromosomes with arm ratio >2 show that the karyotype of T.
mucronatum is the most advanced and that of T. distichum the most primitive. The present
author suggests that the sequence of evolutionary advance be T. distichum, T. ascendens, T. mucronatum.
Based on the evidence from the karyotype analyses, ecology and geographical distribution
(including fossil), the secondary center of genetic diversity (Fig. 1) and the probable evolu-tionary pattern (Fig. 2) of Taxodium are discussed. 相似文献
12.
13.
采用常规压片法,对风毛菊属(Saussurea)5种植物的染色体数目和核型类型进行分析。结果表明:大耳叶风毛菊(S.macrota)核型公式为2n=2x=26=10m+12sm+4st,属2A型;长梗风毛菊(S.dolichopoda)核型公式为2n=2x=26=14m+8sm+4st,属2A型;川陕风毛菊(S.licentiana)核型公式为2n=2x=28=12m+16sm,属2B型;杨叶风毛菊(S.populifolia)核型公式为2n=2x=28=6m+18sm+4st,属2B型;尾叶风毛菊(S.caudata)核型公式为2n=2x=30=14m+14sm+2st,属2A型。这5种风毛菊属植物中,除大耳叶风毛菊染色体数目和核型类型与前人报道的一致外,其余4种植物的染色体数目和核型类型均为首次报道,并在川陕风毛菊中发现1对B染色体。 相似文献
14.
Masayuki Takamiya 《Journal of plant research》1992,105(4):573-588
Karyomorphological comparisons were made of six species of JapaneseLycopodium sensu stricto. There were no marked differences at interphase and prophase among the six species.Lycopodium annotinum had 2n=68 and the formula of its metaphase karyotype was 18m(median centromeric chromosomes)+12sm(submedian)+12st(subterminal)+26t(terminal).Lycopodium casuarinoides had 2n=68=16m+10sm+18st+24t,L. clavatum 2n=68=22m+12sm+18st+16t, andL. obscurum 2n=68=10m+22sm+20st+16t. Each of these species, which belong to different sections, displayed several karyomorphological differences. Among themL. casuarinoides differs largely from the others in its mean chromosome length, ratio of the longest chromosome to the shortest, and frequency of m+sm chromosomes. BothLycopodium complanatum andL. nikoense, belonging to sectionComplanata, had a common karyotype 2n=46=10m+12sm+18st+6t. This section displayed a low differentiation in its karyotype. In the wholeLycopodium s.s., the ratios of m+sm in a complement varied from 38 to 50%, being higher among pteridophytes. 相似文献
15.
Seven species of Glycyrrhiza in China are karyologically analyzed in this paper. The results are as follows: G. uralensis Fisch. 2n=16=6m+10sm; G. eurycarpa P.C.
Li 2n=16=8m+6sm+2st; G. glabra L. 2n=16=14m+2sm; G. inflata Bat. 2n=16=6m+10
sm; G. aspera Pall. 2n=16=12m+4sm; G. yunnanensis Cheng f. et L. K. Tai ex P. C. Li 2n
=16=12m+4sm; G. pallidiflora Maxim. 2n=16=12m+4sm.
From this work and the previous reports, it is presumed that the basic chromosome number of Glycyrrhiza is x=8. Based on the characters of karyotype so far realed, the authors
consider that the genus Glycyrrhiza is a relatively primitive group in Leguminosae and G.
pallidiflora is the most primitive one among the species dealt with in this paper, and G. eurycar-pa is the most advanced one. 相似文献
16.
山东四种草本植物的核型研究 总被引:5,自引:2,他引:3
本文对山东4种草本植物进行了染色体研究。结果表明:阿尔泰狗哇花(Heteropappusal taicus(Wild)Navopokr)的染色体数目为2n=36,核型公式为K(2n)=36=36m,核型“1A”型;求米草(Oplismenusundulatifolius(Arduino)RoemetSchult)的染色体数目为2n=12,核型公式为K(2n)=12=8m+4sm,核型“2A”型;红秋葵(Hibiscuscocineus(Medic)Walt)的染色体数目为2n=38,核型公式为K(2n)=38=14m+22sm+2st,核型“2B”型;蟋蟀草(Eleusineindica(L)Gaertn)的染色体数目为2n=18,核型公式为k(2n)=18=16m+2sm,核型“2A”型。 相似文献
17.
18.
醉鱼草属四个种的核型分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
报道了醉鱼草属(Btuldleja)4个种的染色体核型。云南醉鱼草(B.yunnanensis)的核型公式为2n=2x=38=22m+16sm,皱叶醉鱼草(B.crispa)为2n=2x=38=26m+10sm+2st,密蒙花(B.officinalis)为2n=2x=38=20m+16sm+2st,口本醉鱼草(B.japonica)为2n=2x=38=20m+16sm+2st。日本醉鱼草的核型为2B型,其它3个种的核型为2A型。根据核型分析结果,结合形态学特征和已有的细胞学资料,初步讨论了醉鱼草组(Sect.Neemda)两个系(Series)可能的演化关系。 相似文献
19.
The chromosome numbers and karyotypes of the 4 species in genus Buddleja were reported. The karyotype formulas are 2n= 2x= 38= 22m+ 16sm ( B1 yunnanensis) , 2n= 2x= 38= 26m+ 10sm+ 2st ( B1 crispa) , 2n= 2x= 38= 20m+ 16sm
+ 2st ( B1 off icinalis ) , and 2n= 2x= 38= 20m+ 16sm+ 2st ( B1japonica) . Karyotype of B1japonica belongs to Stebbins. s 2B type and other 3 species belong to Stebbins. s 2A type. Based on the cytological data ( karyotypes and the recorded chromosome numbers) and the species morphologies, the evolution trend of the two series in Sect1Neemda was briefly discussed. 相似文献
20.
研究了木兰科(Magaoliaceae)3个杂交组合的亲本和杂交后代的核型。结果表明,云南含笑(Michelia yunnanensis)、灰岩含笑(Michelia calcicola)及其杂交组合A的核型分别为2n=2x=38=36m+2sm、2n=2x=38=34m+4sm和2n=2x=38=26m+12sm;紫花含笑(Michelia crassipes)及其与云南含笑杂交组合C的核型分别为2n=2x=38=32m+6sm和2n=2x=38=24m+12sm+2st;山玉兰(Mognolia delavayi)、广玉兰(Mognolia grondiflora)及其杂交组合U的核型分别为2n=2x=38=28m+10sm、2n=6x=114=88m+lOsm+16st和2n=4x=76=57m+15sm+4st。杂交组合的核型与理论核型存在明显的差异,可能是在杂交组合的形成过程中,来自亲本的染色体发生了结构变异。 相似文献